Restructuring of the Environmental Impact Process (EIA) after Brexit for Incompleteness

Todays, some challenges such as soil, water and air pollution, and severe health hazards to humanity are the results of growing manufacturer in the real world. These challenges are so-called posing risk for sustainable development of the planet. In this matter, the need of achieving higher economic prosperity, along with the least environmental impact has led to a new manufacturing paradigm so-called Green Manufacturing (GM). In this way, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Iran with ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certification, and Just-In-Time inventory control, which make up 99.8 percent of all businesses, are responsible for 70 percent of all industrial pollution. In this paper, we explore the drivers of the GM of SMEs’ environmental processes in field of the industrial chemistry and their impacts on GM. Unfortunately, there is no proper work considering a wide range of drivers of GM in an industrial chemistry. We evaluate 500 Iran SMEs in the field on industrial chemistry, and select the Tage Company as a case study for this purpose considering its Greenhouse Gas Emission (GHG). This paper aims to gather the common drivers of GM from several sources on a case study in Tage Iran Company, as well as to analyze them by utilizing Analytical Network Process (ANP) in an uncertain environment. To tackle this uncertainty, the fuzzy ANP is utilized to prioritize the barriers to GM based on environmental, social, and economic perspectives. Finally, based on the obtained drivers, the fuzzy ANP identifies essential critical driver and the priority of drivers by utilizing a pair-wise comparison

The treatment of landscape in a Swedish EIA process

Uncertainty environment is integrated environmental system composed of various possible environmental states affecting the natural environment, social environment and military environment related to combat operations and command decisions. The specific impact of the uncertain environment of air defense and anti-missile is to provide the basis for military decision-making and battlefield command, lay the foundation for military operations, and provide the basis for battlefield construction and environmental transformation. Starting from the operational air defense and anti-missile process (ADAP), this paper describes the general working process of the antimissile operational system, then discusses the uncertain environment and its influence, and finally establishes the conceptual model of air defense and anti-missile process in uncertain environment (ADAPUE).

Airports around the world continue to face issues related to the environmental impact of aviation. Mitigation measures have therefore been implemented at many of these airports. Attaining an optimal combination of these mitigation measures is a complex process and because of these complexities, this process does not always result in the most efficient solution in terms of environmental impact.<br/>It is expected that some of the inefficiencies of mitigation measures can be eliminated by using a process that is based on three main principles: to use mathematical optimisation in order to select the best mitigation options, to evaluate multiple performance areas simultaneously, and to evaluate multiple mitigation options at multiple levels of aggregation simultaneously. These three principles have therefore been implemented as capabilities in an integrated decision support system, to determine whether such a system could help improve the airport environmental management process.<br/>Based on the results obtained with the developed support system, the benefits resulting from each of the three capabilities are demonstrated. But ultimately, it is shown that especially the combination of these three capabilities, integrated into a single support system, contributes to improving the airport environmental management process.

The purpose of the project is to develop a software system for decision support in case of accidents with environmental impact. The program we develop is based on a Geographical Information System (GIS) because of the large amount of geographical data, needed in the decision making process. Information on the characteristics of the polluting substance, predictions of the “behavior” of the pollution and expert knowledge for recommending actions are also of great importance. We combine standard GIS functionality with relational data bases, mathematical models of environmental processes and knowledge processing in an integrated, easy to use software system. We develop a special architecture to ensure successful integration and easy development of the system.Knowledge bases and knowledge processing modules play a key role—they are used for control of the whole system, for management of the user interface and for processing domain dependant knowledge (for example, estimation of the hazard to humans or recommending substances for neutralization and cleaning).The paper describes a specific software project. The main ideas and the architecture of the system will be useful in developing decision support systems, employing geographical information.KeywordsKnowledge BaseGeographical Information SystemRoad SegmentInference EngineKnowledge ProcessingThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Toxicity of some organic and inorganic chemicals to microorganisms is an important consideration in assessing their environmental impact against their economic benefits. Microorganisms play an important role in several environmental processes, both natural and engineered. Some organic and inorganics at toxic levels have been detected in industrial discharges resulting in plant upsets and discharge permit violations. In addition to this, even though in some cases the effluent wastewater does not exceed the discharge limits, the results of toxicity tests show potential toxicity. Toxicity knowledge of effluents can benefit treatment plant operators in optimising plant operation, setting pre-treatment standards, and protecting receiving water quality and in establishing sewer discharge permits to safeguard the plant. In the Turkish regulations only toxicity dilution factor (TDF) with fish is part of the toxicity monitoring program of permissible wastewater discharge. In various countries, laboratory studies involving the use of different organisms and protocol for toxicity assessment was conducted involving a number of discharges. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the acute toxicity of textile and metal industry wastewaters by traditional and enrichment toxicity tests and emphasize the importance of toxicity tests in wastewater discharge regulations. The enrichment toxicity tests are novel applications and give an idea whether there is potential toxicity or growth limiting and stimulation conditions. Different organisms were used such as bacteria (Floc and Coliform bacteria) algae (Chlorella sp.). fish (Lepistes sp.) and protozoan (Vorticella sp.) to represent four tropic levels. The textile industry results showed acute toxicity for at least one organism in 8 out of 23 effluent samples. Acute toxicity for at least two organisms in 7 out of 23 effluent sampling was observed for the metal industry. The toxicity test results were assessed with chemical analyses such as COD, BOD, color and heavy metals. It was observed that the toxicity of the effluents could not be explained by using physicochemical analyses in 5 cases for metal and 4 cases for the textile industries. The results clearly showed that the use of bioassay tests produce additional information about the toxicity potential of industrial discharges and effluents.

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于GIS的山西省矿产资源规划环境影响评价 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201305161092 作者: 作者单位: 南京大学地理信息科学系,南京大学地理信息科学系,中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 中国地质调查局地质调查工作项目（12120113007500）；江苏师范大学博士学位教师科研支撑项目（11XLR01）. A method of environment assessment of mineral resources planning for shanxi provinces base on GIS Author: Affiliation: Department of Geographical Information Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing,Department of Geographical Information Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing,School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:基于目前我国矿产资源规划编制过程中的环境评价，提出了一种基于GIS（Geographic Information System）技术，实现矿产资源规划环境影响定量评价方法。在对规划区环境现状进行大尺度综合评价的基础上，利用GIS的空间分析功能，有针对性的实现规划区敏感环境保护目标的筛选、环境影响范围的确定和矿产资源开发对环境保护目标影响程度的定量表达。结合山西省矿产资源规划方案，根据山西省各区域资源开发对敏感保护目标的影响特征，在定量计算各区域环境现状综合评价分级的基础上，分别对其生态环境、水环境、地质环境等方面的影响进行评价和预测，结果显示：山西省矿产资源规划空间布局总体合理，不会对敏感环境保护目标造成严重破坏，但部分矿产资源开采区距离保护目标较近，需要在矿产资源规划实施中加以保护。提出的评价方法较好地兼顾矿产资源开发与区域环境保护，可以有效地提高矿产资源规划环境评价结果的准确性和科学性；该方法可以综合地、定量地评价矿产资源规划对不同环境保护目标的影响程度和范围，为矿产资源规划方案的修订提供有价值的参考。 Abstract:With the rapid development of economy in demand for mineral resources, it is becoming more and more important to coordinate the relationship between mineral exploration and environmental protection. To abate the environmental impact on the mineral exploitation, one of the most important means is to assess the environmental impact of mineral resources planning. The ultimate objective of plan environmental impact assessment is to ensure that assessing conclusions and environmental consequences are combined into strategic decision-making process. Planning environmental impact assessment is the only type of strategic environmental assessment that is required to be conducted in plans by Chinese Environmental Impact Assessment Act. Mineral resources planning have just issued in China, and are still on the exploratory stage. Those studies are mainly focused on improving the evaluation system, exploring the evaluation methods and so on. Quantitative analysis of environmental effects and processing of spatial information are the most difficult procedures which have no generalized evaluation approaches at present. The commonly applicable methods falls into several catalogues in previous studies of environmental impact assessment on mineral resources planning. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), multi-objective analysis and expert judgment method are often used to select assessment indicators. Those methods can be applied to identify, forecast, and analyze potential environment impact when mineral resource planning is brought into effect. However, it is difficult to evaluate the impact of the changes of mineral development structure for their deficiencies in processing of the regional spatial information and synthetic analysis of multiple attribute information. The deficient methodologies have become a restriction to the actual impacts evaluation of mineral resources planning.According to the current situation of environment impact assessment for mineral resources planning, this paper proposes the quantitative assessment method for environmental impact of mineral resources planning based on GIS. The present situation of environmental evaluation process in the study area is established firstly, mainly includes: the division of evaluation unit, the establishment of evaluation index and evaluation classification, and the selection of evaluation model. Using the above indicators and models, large scale of quantitative evaluation for the present situation of environment in the study area is presented. Based on the results of the study area mineral resources planning large-scale comprehensive quantitative assessment, the identification and selection of environmental impact factors are introduced, the model and system for environmental assessment is set up in this research. In this paper, taking the environmental assessment of mineral resources planning in Shanxi Province as example, the approach is introduced in detail. Through spatial analysis methods provided by the GIS technology, the environmental impact of mineral resources planning to ecological environment, water environment, geological environment and atmospheric environment are given quantitatively. Based on the results of the environmental assessment of mineral resources planning in Shanxi Province, some valuable suggestions are proposed in this research. The example shows that the GIS are a very efficient and practical method for environmental assessment of mineral resources planning. It cans provide reasonable analysis processes, quantitative and visual results, which makes the environmental assessment more accurate and scientific. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Prerequisite for successful assessment of the potential impact of water construction on the environmental plan is a set of indicators. Creating a set of indicators for assessment is an important step in the whole environmental impact assessment process. Selection, arrangement and evaluation of the indicators in the final assessment is a complex and time demanding process. The paper deals with the selection of impact indicators and their evaluation for environmental impact assessment process of water constructions by using risk analysis methods. The aim is to propose and evaluate the risk index for selected indicators in the environmental impact assessment process.

This paper analyzes and compares the environmental impact assessment (EIA) process in Western Australia and the Netherlands, an important regulatory tool currently used to assess the environmental, social and economic impacts of development projects. The actual situation of different countries leads to different understandings of the environmental impact assessment process and the formulation of corresponding rules. This paper reviews the environmental assessment process of Western Australia and the Netherlands from several key aspects, analyzes the similarities and differences of their environmental assessment processes, and reveals their institutional advantages and problems in the environmental assessment process. Understanding the differences of EIA in different regions can promote more scientific environmental assessment methods and provide references for regional environmental managers who need to construct environmental impact assessments.

Dopamine control of emotional processes

In all the Spanish administrations, not only the central but also the authonomical ones, the Environmental Impact Assessment process has some stages. In this article all this stages are described on the case of the new route of an existing road, the bypass of the C-238 road at Borriol, Castellon, whose owner is the Generalitat Valenciana. This is one of the most recent processes of Environmental Impact Assessment at this Authonomical Administration. First of all, the most important aspects of the Environmental Impact Study are shown; this Study is included, as an Anexe Document, in the Basic Project Highway between Castellon and La Pobla Tornesa (C-238). South Borriol - North La Pobla Tornesa, November 1993. On July 1994, this Project passed the Public Information process. On October the 21 st , 1994, the Direccio General de Qualitat Ambiental of the Conselleria de Medi Ambient of the Generalitat Valenciana edited the Environmental Impact Declaration about the Project. In this article, the almost total equality between the corrective measures it obliges to and the ones proposed in the Environmental Impact Study are exposed. Nowadays, the Constructive Project Bypass of Borriol of the C-238 (Castellon), has been approved by the authorities, and the works will start soon. This works include the impact corrective measures, which are explained as the conclusion of this work.

A simplified method for quantifying environmental impacts in the landscape planning/design process

Background: The environment is subject to multifaceted aggressions. Industrial activities as well as the underlying processes generate various types of pollutants and waste causing increased levels of pollution. Large-scale mining is known to have negative impacts on water and soil quality, which is accompanied by significant changes in the composition of surface waters and soils due to their pollution with heavy metals, sulphates and other hazardous compounds. Unfortunately, in developing countries, there is generally no or low level of regulation (control) of mining activities, which are often carried out using outdated methods and basic tools and are accompanied by enormous environmental and social problems. Cameroon is rich in deposits of iron ore, gold, granite, sand, gravel, and other minerals, which contributes to the development of numerous large-scale mining operations across the country. To reduce the adverse impacts of mining activities on the health of the population and workers at these enterprises, it is critical to have up-to-date information on environmental degradation and to assess the risks and consequences for their prevention. Objectives: This study aims to design a computer tool to support companies in their environmental management, in particular software for self-assessment of environmental risks and impacts based on empirical methods, which work offline, free and completely free, to improve their environmental performance. Due to the fact that Granulats du Cameroun (GRACAM) is a leader in the aggregates industry and an example of environmental responsibility, this company was chosen as the subject of the study. The managerial interest of such a study is to show how IT tools facilitate the environmental management process, while reducing costs. These tools are still not widespread and considerable research and development work remains to be done in this area. Methods: The preliminary risk analysis method and the Fecteau matrix were integrated into the GRIENV software for the assessment of risks and environmental impacts respectively. Results: In current case study, 15 risks were assessed for 13 aspects and only 1 is acceptable and the other 14 require urgent action, which makes a percentage of more than 93% (detailed information on the identified risks is not provided because the company did not give consent). This results in the absence of an environmental management plan. The absence of a real environmental management plan would be one of the components responsible for 78.6% of this major and average importance of the 15 impacts assessed. Conclusion: The study achieved its goal by introducing and testing a new computer tool, GRIENV, to support companies in environmental management, specifically software for self-assessment of environmental risks and impacts based on empirical methods, with the goal of improving their environmental performance. Testing the developed GRIENV software application allowed for risk assessments at real workplaces within an operating enterprise in just a few hours, compared to the several days required with manual application. GRIENV is an effective solution because it delivers relevant results within an optimal timeframe.

 The environmental management of investment projects in Peru has a great challenge: to guarantee their environmental viability through the search for a balance between the environmental impacts generated and the management measures implemented to prevent, correct, mitigate and even compensate them; all with the purpose of complying with the central objective of our environmental legal system, sustainable development. However, what happens when this task is found to be incomplete? When, for reasons unrelated and/or linked to the environmental impact assessment process, it is verified, during the exercise of the environmental supervision function, that the environmental management instruments do not identify all the impacts that in practice are being generated when they enter into execution. Our environmental legal system has regulated this assumption, establishing the possibility that the environmental supervision authority may require the updating or modification of the environmental study, in order to incorporate the unforeseen negative environmental impacts. This article analyzes this scenario and the challenges that an administrative measure of this nature represents in the framework of the necessary articulation between the National System of Environmental Impact Assessment and the National System of Evaluation and Control, two key pillars for the adequate environmental management of investment projects.

A Bi-Criterion Optimization Planning Model for Process Networks with Multiple Scenarios and Environmental Impact