Review of the Computer Science and Engineering Solutions for Model Sharing and Model Co-Simulation

NOTE: The first page of text has been automatically extracted and included below in lieu of an abstract Attracting and Retaining Women in Computer Science and Engineering: Evaluating the Results Abstract Computer science and engineering communities have been exploring a variety of activities and techniques to attract and retain more students, especially women and minorities, to computer science and computer engineering degree programs1. This paper briefly describes the efforts and results of a plan for actively recruiting young women into undergraduate computer engineering and computer science programs hosted by the University of North Texas (UNT). It also describes a series of activities aimed at improving the retention rate of students already in our programs, particularly during the freshman year. Such recruitment and retention efforts are critical to the country’s efforts to increase the number of engineering professionals, and are a priority for the Computer Science and Engineering (CSE) Department at UNT. We initially designed a three-part plan to achieve our recruitment and retention goals: • Sponsorship of portable and mobile summer computer engineering robotics camps for middle and high-school women students, coordinating with the regional Girl Scouts councils and other organizations to help with the recruitment; • Creation of an Ambassador program using young women currently enrolled in the upper division of current computer science and computer engineering programs as a form of outreach to area high schools and junior colleges; and • Expansion of our successful undergraduate mentoring program by using the Ambassador cohort mentioned above as mentors for incoming freshman and first-year transfer women entering our programs. This paper will focus primarily on the summer camp program and present an analysis of the results we have seen to date after 2 years of camp activities. Results from student surveys and parent surveys will be presented. The paper concludes with recommended changes and improvements in the program, as well as a discussion of adaptations that would create programs suitable for implementation at other institutions as well as programs aimed at a different target population. The three phases previously enumerated each build upon currently accepted educational practices. The robotics summer camp in particular used problem-based learning approaches, similar to those described in The Power of Problem-Based Learning2. This study clearly demonstrates the significant benefits of teaching students how to think by using a problem-based approach. We also developed a mobile laboratory so that the summer camp can be held at several locations, thus broadening and expanding the reach of the camps to traditionally underserved populations and geographical regions. Similarly, both the ambassador and mentoring programs derive from research showing how the recruitment and retention of women in engineering- related fields can be increased by providing opportunities to develop student-to-student relationships3, 4.

This study focuses on gender issues in terms of participation, achievement and duration of studies at the Tertiary level of education in Computer Science and Engineering (CS&E). For this reason, 1957 degrees earned by Computer Engineers were studied. These diplomas cover a 21 year period of graduation at the Computer Engineering and Informatics Department (CEID), University of Patras, Greece. The analysis of the data shows that: a) male graduate students outnumbered the female ones by three to one, b) in terms of achievement, no significant differences exist between male and female graduate computer engineers, and c) female students complete their studies earlier than their male counterparts.

Research has substantially increased in modern times due to availability and search facility of literature sources through Internet. Carrying out research and proving that it is done is a necessity for excellent academic career and for satisfying requirements of Master or PhD degrees in most universities. There is no recipe book for producing the research with desired taste and quantity, however, general methodology does exist. This paper presents crucial parts concerning research process in Computer Science and Engineering (CSE). The paper discusses the important parts of research methodology in CSE including research problem formulation, literature review, research design, and research communication. The paper presents each phase of the research process with essential ingredients, moreover, wherever required, the paper also provides pointers for further reading. The presented discussion is in the context of research applicable in CSE field. Therefore, we expect that this paper would become a good starting point for newbie researchers in CSE.

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Spray formation and break-up are crucial phenomena for mixture formation inside diesel engines, both for combustion control and pollutant formation. Since the emission restrictions have become more and more severe in the last years, many studies have been conducted in order to improve diesel injection. Numerical simulations have proven to be reliable in producing results in a faster and cheaper way than experimental measures. The recent great progresses in computer science, then, have allowed to reach great accuracy in the simulations.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">In this work, a novel methodology based on Boltzmanns Kinetic Theory is applied to diesel injection. Lattice Boltzmann BGK (LBGK) provides and alternative method for solving fluid-dynamic problems and allows even superior accuracy as compared to conventional CFD.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">The multiphase approach used in this paper to study spray formation and primary is based on the works by Shan and Chen and their successive modifications.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">The results are compared to those predicted by means of the most accredited models in literature.</div></div>

Creating an optimal conditions for producing generations of successful Computer scientists and engineers is very demanding. Many aspects have to be taken into consideration. One of the factors is the quality of the Bachelor's education system that actually enables the diplomas in Computer Science and Engineering. However, the students enrolling in the Bachelor's system have to be optimally prepared to follow the curriculum. In this paper we present some of the many factors that influenced the generations of Computer scientists and engineers that have earned their BSc degree in the Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, and the institutions that preceded this Faculty in the years before 2011. Such factors, investigated in this paper are: the changes in the primary and secondary educational system and the aspects of these systems that influence the informatics knowledge of the pupils on one hand, and on the other hand the evolution of the system of competitions in informatics that sparkles the interest in the talented pupils and enables the most talented and hardworking ones to compete in the international Olympiads in informatics. As a result of improving these two parallel systems, the number of enrolled students in the faculties that teach Computer Science and Engineering has raised. Moreover, some of these pupils have turned into great entrepreneurs and have started their own successful software companies.

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Forty-one short-trip service tests were run using 1964-1969 model U.S. passenger cars and 19 commercial or experimental oils evaluating several aspects of engine rusting. These factors included differences in rusting severity among engine models, effects of fuel variables on rusting, and the effects of oil additive type and concentration on rusting.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Rusting severity varied widely among engine models, but different engines ranked similarly the rust protection provided by oils with differing additive treatments.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Use of either nonleaded gasoline or LPG instead of leaded gasoline greatly reduced engine rusting.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">At equivalent additive treatment levels, several magnesium sulfonates provided better rust protection than did certain calcium sulfonates, calcium phenates, or a barium sulfonate. Rust protection increased greatly and approximately linearly with increasing magnesium content.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">From these tests, and those reported by others, there appear to be three requirements for engine rusting to occur:</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph"> <ol class="list nostyle"> <li class="list-item"> <span class="li-label">1.</span> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Addition to the crankcase of corrosive products from the gasoline lead antiknock scavengers and combustion products.</div> </li> <li class="list-item"> <span class="li-label">2.</span> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Cold engine operation, permitting condensation and accumulation of corrosive products in the oil.</div> </li> <li class="list-item"> <span class="li-label">3.</span> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Depletion of rust-preventing oil additives.</div> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Since the first two requirements are at present largely uncontrolled from the customers' standpoint (most gasolines are leaded and contain scavengers, and winter weather is cold in many areas), the only other apparent avenue for improving the rust protection provided to current-design engines using leaded gasolines is better rust-preventing additives in the oil.</div>

Guest Editorial

It is with pleasure that the IEEE Computer Society welcomes this opportunity to participate with ACM members concerned with education of computer scientists and computer engineers. It is hoped that this cooperation will continue in the future. Described in this panel presentation will be the results of two years of concentrated development by members of the IEEE Computer Society Education Committee towards cohesive and flexible model curricula for 4-year computer science and engineering programs. This effort was initiated in May 1974, and since has resulted in eight working sessions, has involved 20 active module developers, has called upon nearly 40 outside reviewers, and has sought cooperation with academia, industry, the ACM and the DISE Committee. The first test of the model curricula was held in June 1976 at a IEEE Computer Society Educators Workshop; a test that seemed to be passed as judged by those attending the workshop.Specifically, this panel presentation will introduce the IEEE Computer Society effort, will place the effort in historical perspective, and will describe in detail the need as seen by many educators. It will dwell briefly on past contributions by similar committees, will provide a definition of computer science and engineering and will provide a pictorial outline of the 17 modules that comprise the five subject areas of the proposed curricula. This will be followed with selected examples of possible implementation strategies. The presentation will close with a summary of future work and a short comparison of the IEEE and ACM efforts.

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The paper presents a numerical activity directed at the analysis and optimization of internal combustion engine water cooling jackets, with particular emphasis on the fatigue-strength assessment and improvement.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">In the paper, full 3D-CFD and FEM analyses of conjugate heat transfer and load cycle under actual engine operation of a single bank of a current production V6 turbocharged diesel engine are reported.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">A highly detailed model of the engine, made up of both the coolant galleries and the surrounding metal components, i.e., the engine head, the engine block, the gasket, the valve guides and valve seats, is used on both sides of the simulation process to accurately capture the influence of the cooling system layout under thermal and load conditions as close as possible to actual engine operations.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Concerning the CFD side, a 50-50 binary mixture of ethylene-glycol and water is used in order to correctly reproduce the coolant behavior, while boundary conditions are derived from a combination of experimental measurements and a CFD-1D model of the whole engine.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">In order to find a proper CFD setup for the optimization of the thermal behavior of the engine, a preliminary comparison between experimental temperature distribution within the engine head and CFD forecasts is carried out. Eight thermocouples are used to measure the engine head local temperature at some critical locations.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Among the many competing numerical sub-models involved in the CFD simulations, particular attention is devoted to the modeling of phase transition and vapor nuclei formation within the coolant galleries.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Concerning the FEM side, thermo-mechanical analyses are carried out aiming at addressing the design optimization of the engine in terms of fatigue strength. In view of the wide range of thermal and load conditions, both high-cycle and low-cycle fatigue must be properly characterized by means of ad-hoc criteria. An energy-based criterion specifically suited for low-cycle fatigue regions is therefore superimposed to well-established S-N o ε-N criteria for the high cycle fatigue regions.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">The proposed methodology shows very promising results in terms of point-wise detection of possible engine failures and proves to be an effective tool for the accurate thermo-mechanical characterization of internal combustion engines under actual life-cycle operations.</div></div>

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The use of graphical dynamic system simulation software is becoming more popular as automotive engineers strive to reduce the time to develop new control systems. The use of model-based control methods designed to meet future emission and diagnostic regulations has also increased the need for validated engine models. A previously validated, nonlinear, mean-torque predictive engine model<span class="xref">*</span> is converted to MATLAB / SIMULINK<span class="xref"><sup>†</sup></span> to illustrate the benefits of a graphical simulation environment. The model simulates a port-fuel-injected, spark-ignition engine and includes air, fuel and EGR dynamics in the intake manifold as well as the process delays inherent in a four-stroke cycle engine. The engine model can he used in five ways:</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph"> <ul class="list disc"> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">As a nonreal-time engine model for testing engine control algorithms</div> </li> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">As a real-time engine model for hardware-in-the-loop testing</div> </li> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">As an embedded model within a control algorithm or observer</div> </li> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">As a system model for evaluating engine sensor and actuator models</div> </li> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">As a subsystem in a powertrain or vehicle dynamics model</div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Although developed and validated for a specific engine, the model is generic enough to be used for a wide range of spark-ignition engines. Modular programming techniques reduce model complexity by dividing the engine and control system into hierarchical subsystems.</div>

Computer Science and Engineering (CSE) is a dynamic and rapidly evolving field that encompasses a wide range of topics, from fundamental algorithms and programming languages to cutting-edge technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), Quantum Computing and Cyber security. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of CSE, tracing its historical development and exploring the latest advancements and emerging trends in the field. The paper highlights the core concepts and principles of CSE, discusses the interdisciplinary nature and examines how it has become an integral part of modern society. Additionally, it provides an analysis of the most recent advancements in CSE, covering topics such as Artificial intelligence, Block chain, Cloud computing and Internet of Things (IoT) etc., overall, this paper aims to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the current landscape of CSE and some of the technological trends that are shaping its future.

Abstract: Owing to the entry of COVID-19, starting from the year 2000, India managed online education well for more than a year and a half. Now, the question is to understand whether the online mode of education is as effective as the face-to-face classes. This study intends to focus on identifying the challenges and finding the opportunities to enhance the quality of online engineering education with respect to Computer Science and Engineering (CSE) branch. A survey was conducted using a questionnaire involving the chosen 2nd year, 3rd year, and 4th year students of CSE department, Velammal College of Engineering & Technology, Madurai (VCET), who have had the experience of acquiring knowledge through both offline and online modes. The spreadsheet software was used to filter, organize as well as visualize quantitative data, and descriptive methodology was adopted for the data analysis. The result of the study will lay a scope to understand the existing gaps in online CSE education and the proposed ideas to fill the same enhancing the resources. Further, this study may play a pivotal role in making effective online CSE education at par with face-to-face classes completely possible and preferable. Keywords: COVID-19; CSE; digital skills; online education; Velammal College of Engineering & Technology.

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper reviews the characteristics of a power line network as data communication medium and studies the challenges encountered when communicating over power wiring. This technology review has been done as part of feasibility study for using aircraft power-lines for data communication.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Power-Line Communication is a term which describes the use of existing electrical lines to provide the medium for a high speed communications network. Power Line Communications is achieved by superimposing the voice or data signals onto the line carrier signal using an appropriate communication technology. Power Line Communications represent a potential simplicity for communications among different devices, because it does not need additional wires for connecting devices network together.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Power line cables have been used as a communication medium for many years. However, because power line cables are not designed for communication, they pose major challenges for a modem designer. Frequency selectivity and time variation of the channel frequency response, high level of noise, and regulatory issues are some of the main considerations. The impedance, transmission line loss and noise level of power line fluctuate greatly according to how the devices are connected and their operating conditions. The paper reviews these sources of attenuation, noise and distortion encountered when communicating over power wiring. The power-line communication channel, in general, is modeled as having a time varying frequency-dependent signal-to-noise ratio over the communication bandwidth.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The paper further discusses the required features for aircraft data networks and presents aircraft power lines channel characteristics. The aircraft power-line was initially designed to distribute power in an efficient way, hence it is not adapted for communication and advanced communication methods are needed. Baseband techniques are not acceptable for Power Line Communications over aircraft power networks because of high powers transferred in baseband. This means some kind of passband technique has to be used. There exist a few types of digital modulations acceptable for this type of application. These can be split into narrowband and broadband. Narrowband mostly uses single carrier modulations like Frequency Shift Keying or Phase Shift Keying. Broadband modulations can be selected from Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum or Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex. The paper assesses these technologies in light of the known channel conditions and discusses realization of reliable high-speed communication over aircraft power-lines.</div>

Machine Learning (ML) has become essential in several industries. In Computational Science and Engineering (CSE), the complexity of the ML lifecycle comes from the large variety of data, scientists' expertise, tools, and workflows. If data are not tracked properly during the lifecycle, it becomes unfeasible to recreate a ML model from scratch or to explain to stackholders how it was created. The main limitation of provenance tracking solutions is that they cannot cope with provenance capture and integration of domain and ML data processed in the multiple workflows in the lifecycle, while keeping the provenance capture overhead low. To handle this problem, in this paper we contribute with a detailed characterization of provenance data in the ML lifecycle in CSE; a new provenance data representation, called PROV-ML, built on top of W3C PROV and ML Schema; and extensions to a system that tracks provenance from multiple workflows to address the characteristics of ML and CSE, and to allow for provenance queries with a standard vocabulary. We show a practical use in a real case in the O&G industry, along with its evaluation using 239,616 CUDA cores in parallel.

Computational science and engineering (CSE) faces a number of open issues. There is no core community; CSE is a diverse collection of researchers from different disciplines. Linguistic and practical obstacles hinder effective information exchanges. New journals are just now getting started. Still in the process of establishing itself, the CSE community must now set standards and define quality research. One of the most important intellectual challenges of this new field is to develop new algorithms. This, in turn, depends heavily on advances in computer architectures. Over the past two decades, the interplay between advances in hardware and algorithms has resulted in near exponential growth in computing power and consequently in the scope of the problems we can address. A discussion is given on CSE education, focusing on the syllabus, setting up a CSE course, and the CSE Project (CSEP) which involves the production of a set of hypermedia teaching materials.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>