Scalable multimedia authentication

Advances in wireless communication and mobile computing and networking are providing us with growing business opportunities and demands for multimedia services. Consumer networks, increasingly used for multimedia information and commercial content delivery, are destined to be heterogeneous. Meanwhile, for many multimedia services, security is an important component to restrict unauthorized content access and distribution. This suggests the need for new cryptography system implementations that can operate at different data rates, i.e., be scaled to various multimedia content, different network topology, changing bandwidth, and diverse device capabilities. Encryption is used to ensure confidentiality of messages in communication. Conventional encryption schemes do not offer suitable scalability for this new set of applications. In this paper, we describe scalable encryption, discuss the applications for consumer multimedia access, present scalable encryption schemes that support various kinds of scalability, and present a scalable content access scheme using an algebraic based differentiable-decryption key public key crypto algorithm.

Multimedia content in 5G/6G networks makes safe, confidential, and efficient content delivery difficult. Intelligent systems that adapt to the ever‐changing network environment are needed to distribute multimedia content in these networks. Reinforcement learning (RL) can optimize multimedia content distribution based on network congestion, capacity, and user preferences. This study proposes RL‐based intelligent multimedia content distribution. RL algorithms learn from the network environment and generate optimum judgments incorporating several aspects of the suggested framework. The framework delivers multimedia material securely and privately with great quality. This study provides an intelligent multimedia content delivery architecture that uses RL approaches to solve 5G/6G content delivery problems. This research presents an RL system optimized with the double DQN algorithm having a reward of 51604.93 in 7000 episodes for efficient video file sharing on intracity buses. The RL agent balances network congestion and bandwidth by leveraging multiple sources such as bus and intersection caches and base stations, improving secure multimedia content delivery in 5G/6G networks and enhancing the passenger experience. The study confirms the system's effectiveness using reward and loss metrics and identifies potential future research directions. Future work could explore additional RL algorithms, scalability for larger networks, complex delivery scenarios, and integration with blockchain and edge computing for improved security and efficiency in multimedia content delivery.

Integration of mobile devices in the multimedia delivery systems provides the users (learners or business people) with access to multimedia content outside the classroom (workplace). It allows them to easily store, record and deliver multimedia content in real-time. Process of delivering multimedia content to the users requires more computational resources than mobile device can provide. In order to provide users with multimedia content that is suitable for their mobile devices and according to their needs we introduce the mobile cloud (mCloud) computing environment as paradigm that is ideal to overcome these problems. The proposed interactive mCloud system should provide high scale collaboration and interaction between the users. The system is designed for delivery of multimedia learning content to the users according to the user’s cognitive style. The content is adapted according to the context-aware network conditions. In this paper, we provide some experimental results based on experience of 90 users (students) that participated in the m-learning cooperative process. After completing the course of Database Systems, the users estimated the Quality of Experience (QoE) by using a Learning Scenario Questionnaire.

This paper will discuss about transmission of multimedia content in limited capacity network (up to 5 Mbps), especially to study about the impact of background traffic towards multimedia content delivery quality in a limited capacity network. Observation methods proposed in the study include measurement of limited capacity network, background traffic modeling, and simulating the network to observe the impact of background traffic on multimedia content delivery Quality of Service (QoS). Constructed model of background traffic was developed based on testbed network rates of traffic measurement and were separated based on traffic types and interval of delivery. Simulation was done by using some scenarios in simulated network with different background traffic rates from the background traffic modeling. In our research, multimedia content is transmitted using H264 720p configuration. Result of simulation shows the impact of background traffic towards multimedia content delivery QoS. With the increasing rate of generated background traffic (0%, 30%, and 50%), the end-to-end delay and packet loss were also increased. On average, the QoS of multimedia content delivery were acceptable with enough quality. But when the generated background traffic was rated at 50%, the end-to-end delay of multimedia content delivery scored enough and still acceptable, while the packet loss rate of multimedia content delivery scored bad and not acceptable according to ITU-T G.114.

The transition from delivery network and terminal oriented development of multimedia services towards multi-network and multi-terminal services is an emerging trend. This change in multimedia service development is enabled by still ongoing IP convergence of communication networks and digitalization of content. This paper presents a metadata-enabled service platform supporting development of pervasive multimedia services spanning over multiple networks and terminals, namely CAM4Home Open Platform developed in ITEA2-CAM4Home research project. The platform provides enabling services for interworking development of personalized and context aware multimedia services operating over multiple networks and multiple terminals. The platform provides a service oriented architecture and enabling services that can be used in compositions to build different types of full-featured end-to-end multimedia services. In addition, the platform introduces a novel meta-model and related metadata services enabling unified way of describing information about multimedia content, services, and user- and environment context. The platform relies on use of standardized Web Services and RDF technologies enabling operating system and network independent access to the services; thus allowing creation of pervasive and platform-independent services for any Internet connected platforms from embedded devices to mobile phones and full-featured desktop clients.Keywordsmultimediacontext-awarenessservice platformservice development

On behalf of the Technical Program Committee, we welcome all of you to the IEEE International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IEEE IWCMC 2011) in the beautiful campus of Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey! We are indeed delighted that this year's IEEE IWCMC accomplishes its goal under the conference theme "Making Wireless Communities," and continues its tradition of providing the premier forum for presentation of research results and experience reporting on the cutting edge research in the general areas of wireless communications and mobile computing. This year, we received more than 1000 submissions from 51 countries worldwide. Each paper received at least three peer technical reviews, comprised of 49 Symposia Chairs/Co-Chairs and a total of more than 450 TPC members from academia, government laboratories, and industries. After carefully examining all the received review reports, the IEEE IWCMC 2011 TPC finally selected about 35% high-quality papers for presentation at the conference and publication in the IEEE IWCMC 2011 proceedings. The conference program starts on Monday July 4 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> with a full day Tutorials that is free of charge to all our attendees. Then, each day starts with a keynote speaker chosen from renowned world-class leaders in the area-Dr. Rick Stevens, Dr. Mario Gerla, and Dr. Sajal Das, highlighting the latest research trends in the wireless communications, mobile computing, and networks. This year, the technical sessions reflect the continued and growing interests in a wide range of spectrum, including wireless communications and networks, cross-layer design and optimization, mobile computing, wireless sensor networks, network security, and use of wireless technologies in social emergency applications. We also added a special Workshop this year to address practical aspects of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, such as Multihop Wireless Network Testbeds and Experiments, Network and Communications for Advanced Society, and Federated Wireless Sensor Systems (FedSenS). There are five special sessions composed of invited papers from renowned experts from around the world. Outstanding papers will be selected for four Special Issues in well known international journals. Our objective in the future is to reduce the acceptance rate further to reach 30% and less. In addition, we would like to reduce the number of Symposia and Workshops as well to meet the conference theme.

This paper presents mechanisms to manage and protect notification of events in Digital Rights Management systems. Event notification is an important part within DRM systems that enable the controlled use of multimedia content through the complete digital valued chain, from creation to consumption of digital assets. These modules are responsible for reporting events related to multimedia content and/or peers that interact with them. Then, producers and distributors of multimedia content can be informed of the usage of the multimedia content that they have produced or distributed. In some cases, it is also important to protect the reported data in order to ensure its integrity and authenticity. I. INTRODUCTION Digital Rights Management (DRM) systems enable the creation, distribution and consumption of multimedia content. These systems are made up of different elements that enable the controlled use of multimedia content through the complete digital value chain. Typical components of DRM systems are digital object creators, license creators and interpreters, protection servers, etc. Moreover, something that could help when using multimedia content in a controlled way is the notification of events being done by users of multimedia systems. In this way, distributors of multimedia content can be informed of the usage of the multimedia objects they have provided through a web site, a downloading service or whatever distribution mechanism used. Afterwards, users illegally distributing content could be prosecuted by means of these activity records. By means of the chain of licenses or digital objects defining the contractual relationships between the actors of the value chain, they could be informed of the use of the content that they have created, adapted, distributed, etc. The notification of events could be useful, for example example to monitor the usage of copyrighted material or to know the exact connectivity conditions between two Peers when trying to deliver multimedia content. In the first case, a distributor could specify that, whenever the content that he distributes is rendered, he would receive a notification enabling him to manage his royalties. Then, the Peer would generate a notification, upon the content is rendered, which would be delivered to the distributor. This event notification would contain information about the digital content and the conditions under which it has been rendered. MPEG-21 Event Reporting (1) provides a standardised way for sharing information about events amongst peers and users. Such events are related to multimedia content and/or peers that interact with them. In the MPEG-21 context, the reporting messages that include information about different aspects of media usage are called Event Reports. MPEG-21 Event Reporting had some limitations when trying to manage events in trusted systems. Then, we proposed a way to improve this standard expanding its capabilities. A core experiment was carried out in order to verify the solution we had proposed for the report of events in trusted systems. This paper presents the solution that we proposed and how it was integrated in the MPEG-21 Event Reporting standard. On the other hand, in some of the above situations, especially in non-trusted systems, event notifications should be protected. We should guarantee access and modification only to the users that have permission. MPEG-21 Event Reporting standard initiative does not take into account the security of the events being notified. This specification does not provide a way to ensure integrity and authenticity or protection to the reported data neither to the request data. Usually, it is important to protect the sensible data reported, as the user data and the operations that he/she has performed will be later used to produce usage statistics, billing information, etc. This paper also presents a possible solution to this issue.

It is a great pleasure to welcome all of you to the IEEE International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IEEE IWCMC 2014) in the beautiful city of Nicosia, Cyprus! We are indeed delighted that this year's IEEE IWCMC accomplishes its goal under the conference theme “Connecting the World,” and continues its tradition of providing the premier forum for presentation of research results and experience reporting on the cutting edge research in the general areas of wireless communications and mobile computing. This year, we received more than 595 submissions from 35 countries. Each paper received at least three peer technical reviews, comprised of more than 500 TPC members from academia, government laboratories, and industries. After carefully examining all review reports, the IEEE IWCMC 2014 TPC finally selected about 34% high-quality papers for presentation at the conference and publication in the IEEE IWCMC 2014 proceedings. The conference program starts on Monday August 4 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> with a full day Tutorials that are free of charge to all our attendees. Then, each day starts with a keynote speaker chosen from renowned world-class leaders in the area-Dr. Mario Gerla, Dr. Fumiyuki Adachi, and Dr. Tarik Taleb, highlighting the latest research trends in the wireless communications, mobile computing, and networks. This year, the technical sessions reflect the continued and growing interests in a wide range of spectrum, including wireless communications and networks, cross-layer design and optimization, mobile computing, wireless sensor networks, network security, and use of wireless technologies in social applications. There are two special sessions composed of invited papers from renowned experts from around the world. Outstanding papers will be selected for possible Special Issues in international journals. Our objective in the future is to reduce the acceptance rate and improve the quality of presentations and discussions further.

Many people now receive various multimedia services through their personal devices via a home network. The rapid growth in multimedia content and smart devices means that multimedia services can encounter many problems in home networks. High volumes of storage capacity and processing resources are required manage these large amounts of media content. In addition, users may find it difficult to receive smooth streaming services in remote places because of limited remote access functions. To address these problems, we propose a model that uses cloud computing technology to store and manage large volumes of multimedia content. The proposed model provides remote access functions for receiving multimedia services in home networks and in wireless local area networks (WLANs). The model has four components, i.e., the Assistant Gateway, cloud server, remote controller, and media device renderer. The Assistant Gateway is an important component in the proposed model. It can access a cloud server to obtain multimedia content information before sending it to users in a home network. Thus, users can receive home media streaming services via the Assistant Gateway using a media device renderer. Based on this model, we implemented each component to support streaming service for users in remote areas.

This paper overviews the most recent trends and research directions with regard to presenting Region-of-Interest (ROI) multimedia content by using Scalable Video Coding (SVC), which can be especially useful for online multimedia education services in the heterogeneous end-user environment. The advent of a plurality of cheaper and more powerful devices, having the ability to play, create, and transmit video content, has led to a dramatic increase in the multimedia content distribution, especially for engineering educational purposes on both wireline (e.g., cable) and wireless networks. Also, the reduction of cost of digital video cameras along with the development of user-generated content video sites (e.g., YouTube™) stimulated a new user-generated video content sector and made very strong demands for the high-quality and low-delay video communication, especially for online education courses and lectures in the engineering field. In addition, much of the attention in the field of video/multimedia adaptation is currently directed to the SVC, which is an extension of the H.264/AVC video standard. A major requirement for the SVC is to enable encoding of a high-quality video stream that contains one or more subset video streams, each of which can have for example, various temporal and spatial resolutions (i.e., QCIF, CIF, 720p, 1080p) to be presented on heterogeneous user devices, such as mobile/cellular phones, laptops, personal computers, TV sets, and the like. In this work, we focus on online multimedia engineering education by employing Region-of-Interest SVC, thereby enabling to provide an ultimate solution for streaming educational multimedia content to a plurality of heterogeneous end-user devices.

The Internet and multimedia technologies have greatly changed our lives. With the increasing popularity of multimedia entertainment applications over the Internet, innovative infrastructures and technologies are needed to efficiently distribute the surging amount of multimedia contents. Content delivery networks provide an intermediate layer of infrastructure that helps to deliver the contents from content providers to a large community of geographically distributed users. Cooperative caching and application-level multicast are two technologies that can be implemented in a multimedia content delivery network for delivering on-demand and live multimedia contents respectively. This article introduces the ideas and approaches of implementing cooperative caching and application-level multicast under a hierarchical architecture to achieve large-scale multimedia content delivery.

In the recent years, there has been an increasing demand for streaming high quality multimedia content over wireless networks. Demand for triple play services (voice, video, data) by a number of simultaneously communicating users often results in lack of acceptable multimedia quality. In addition, the large transmission distance and the limited battery power of the hand-held wireless device serves as a major bottleneck over transmitting video directly from the network operator to the end-users. There has been no successful mechanism developed till date that would provide live video streaming over wireless networks. In this paper, clusterDAM – a novel cluster-based architecture is proposed for delivering adaptive multimedia content over two-hop wireless networks. An intermediate relay node serves as a proxy-client-server between the base station and the mobile users which ensures that the multimedia delivery is adapted in real-time according to the channel conditions and the quality of the multimedia content. An extensive simulation-based analysis with different kinds of network traffic and protocols indicate that the cluster-DAM architecture is significantly superior to the traditional single-hop design, not only in terms of the perceived video quality, but also in terms of the loss rate and the average bit rate.

Multimedia content delivery is an important issue in assistive guidance systems for exhibition areas. This paper presents an automatic guidance and multimedia content presentation system utilizing location-based services and their deployment on mobile devices. A prototype installation and experimental usage in a real exhibition environment has provided promising results regarding the system's user acceptance and functionality.

The advent of techniques in pervasive computing has affected human life that freely uses Internet environment, and advances in ubiquitous networks, telecommunications, and information technology, along with the proliferation of multimedia smart devices—such as laptops, iPods, personal digital assistants (PDA), and cellular telephones—have stimulated the development of intelligent pervasive multimedia applications. These key technologies are creating a multimedia revolution that will have significant impact across a wide spectrum to consumer, business, healthcare, and governmental domains. Yet, many challenges remain, especially when it comes to efficiently indexing, mining, querying, searching, and retrieving multimedia data. This special issue attempts to offer an open discussion in the realm of pervasive multimedia computing, including efficient delivery and distribution of multimedia content, applications, and services over the wired and wireless networks as well as multimedia QoS support for such networks. This issue also interests in looking at service architectures, protocols, and standards for multimedia communications along with the related security issues, such as secure multimedia information sharing. Finally, this issue expects to explore works on novel applications Multimed Tools Appl (2016) 75:14015–14017 DOI 10.1007/s11042-016-3826-z

Considerable research and experiment results in recent years have shown that the server-proxy-user architecture represents an efficient and scalable new paradigm for multimedia content delivery. However, not much effort has been spent on the security issues in such systems. In this paper, we study data authentication in multimedia content delivery, and in particular, we focus on achieving end-to-end authentication from the multimedia server to end users in the server-proxy-user architecture where intermediary proxies transcode multimedia content dynamically. We present a formal model for the end-to-end authentication problem, and propose a basic construction for generic data modality and prove its security. We further extend and tailor our basic technique to authenticate specific multimedia format, JPEG2000 code-streams.