Searching for Flow: A Performance Optimization Intervention With a Professional Dart Thrower

Although the psychological consequences of peer and cyberbullying have been extensively documented, their associations with somatic and sleep-related symptoms remain comparatively underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between exposure to bullying or cyberbullying and the severity of somatic symptoms in adolescents. This cross-sectional study included 166 adolescents aged 11 to 18 years who presented to the Pediatric Health and Diseases Outpatient Clinic of Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital in Istanbul, between February and May 2025. Participants completed standardized self-report instruments assessing experiences of bullying and cyberbullying, somatic complaints, sleep disturbances, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and self-esteem. Among the 166 participants (51.2% female; mean age, 15.16 years), boys reported significantly higher physical bullying scores (p = 0.007), while girls reported significantly higher emotional symptom scores (p = 0.041). Physical and cyber victimization demonstrated modest decreases with age, whereas sleep difficulties, anxiety, and depressive symptoms showed slight increases. Victimization was weakly but positively correlated with somatic symptoms, sleep disturbances, anxiety, and behavioral problems, and weakly negatively correlated with self-esteem, indicating modest but statistically significant associations. Bullying perpetration was also associated with poorer peer relationships and reduced prosocial behaviors. Bullying and cyberbullying were weakly yet significantly associated with somatic complaints and psychological difficulties among adolescents. Further longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate causal mechanisms underlying these relationships.

Prevalence and correlates of lifetime deliberate self-harm and suicidal ideation in naturalistic outpatients: The Leiden Routine Outcome Monitoring study

The article is devoted to the analysis of differences in the psychosocial functioning of adolescents in families with different attitudes to school responsibilities. Modern school education provides a lot of space for creativity, the choice of methods of mastering the program, which, at the same time, is becoming more demanding. It can be difficult for parents to determine the extent to which they give their children homework responsibility. This is especially true for adolescents (9-12 years old), who no longer seem to need help and control in the school process. At the same time, complete lack of control can cause alarm on the part of all participants in this complex process. 
 An experimental study found that adolescents whose parents do not consider it appropriate to interfere in the school process, show a low level of psychosocial development. This result may mean that these children lack the ability to perform daily activities and enter into relationships with people in a way that satisfies both parties. Most middle school students with low levels of psychosocial functioning usually have internalization problems. That is, it is difficult for them to show themselves and be socially active. Whereas externalized (external) symptoms of psychosocial development disorders are not expressed in both groups.
 An additional study of the level of anxiety revealed differences between the groups on the scales "separation anxiety", "social phobia" and "school phobia". In families where parents have dropped out of school for their children, starting in middle school, the level of anxiety on these scales is higher. On the scales "somatic symptoms of anxiety", "generalized anxiety disorder" there are no significant differences between the samples - in both groups, the indicators on these scales do not exceed an acceptable level. Thus, it can be assumed that the complete non-interference of parents in the school process of children in middle school can be perceived by them as a lack of parental attention, which affects the confidence in support in school activities, which, nevertheless, occupies a large place in children's daily lives. school age.

Positive and negative affect as predictors of competitive anxiety

BackgroundThe context of the COVID-19 pandemic has harmed the mental health of the population, increasing the incidence of mental health problems such as depression, especially in those who have had COVID-19. Our study puts forward an explanatory model of depressive symptoms based on subjective psychological factors in those hospitalized for COVID-19 with and without biological markers (i.e., inflammatory markers). Therefore, we aim to evaluate the hypotheses proposed in the model to predict the presence of depressive symptoms.MethodWe conducted a cross-sectional study, using a simple random sampling. Data from 277 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Lima-Peru, were collected to assess mental health variables (i.e., depressive, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and somatic symptoms), self-perception of COVID-19 related symptoms, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) such as inflammatory marker. We performed a structural equation modeling analysis to evaluate a predictive model of depressive symptoms.ResultsThe results showed a prevalence of depressive symptoms (11.2%), anxiety symptoms (7.9%), somatic symptoms (2.2%), and symptoms of post-traumatic stress (6.1%) in the overall sample. No association was found between the prevalence of these mental health problems among individuals with and without severe inflammatory response. The mental health indicators with the highest prevalence were sleep problems (48%), low energy (47.7%), nervousness (48.77%), worry (47.7%), irritability (43.7%) and back pain (52%) in the overall sample. The model proposed to explain depressive symptoms was able to explain more than 83.7% of the variance and presented good goodness-of-fit indices. Also, a different performance between the proposed model was found between those with and without severe inflammatory response. This difference was mainly found in the relationship between anxiety and post-traumatic stress symptoms, and between the perception of COVID-19 related symptoms and somatic symptoms.ConclusionsResults demonstrated that our model of mental health variables may explain depressive symptoms in hospitalized patients of COVID-19 from a third-level hospital in Peru. In the model, perception of symptoms influences somatic symptoms, which impact both anxiety symptoms and symptoms of post-traumatic stress. Thus, anxiety symptoms could directly influence depressive symptoms or through symptoms of post-traumatic stress. Our findings could be useful to decision-makers for the prevention of depression, used to inform the creation of screening tools (i.e., perception of symptoms, somatic and anxiety symptoms) to identify vulnerable patients to depression.

1230 Cediranib (an oral, highly potent VEGF signalling inhibitor) in combination with saracatinib (AZD0530; a potent, selective Src inhibitor): a phase I open-label study in patients with advanced solid tumours

The purpose of this investigation is to construct a new inventory for the measurement of neuroticism and extraversion-introversion. The First Trial InventoryAs the first trial, the author composed an inventory of 78 items, which was divided into 4 groups as follows; E-I Group (20 items), N Group (20 items), Eg-1Group (19 items), and Eg-2 Group (19 items). The inventory was administered to 156 junior high school pupils. The tetrachoric correlations between the items within each group were calculated, and factor analysis was executed by Thurstone's centroid method. The factors after orthogonal rotations of axes were interpreted as follows. Thinking introversion, and Social extraversion from the E-I group. Delicacy, Lack of Con fidence, and Anxiety from the N group. Self-sufficiency, and, Emotionality from the Eg-1 group. Ego-strenth, Ego-centricity, and Ego-defence from the Eg-2 group. The Second Trial InventoryAs the second step, another new inventory was composed discarding 8 items from the foregoing inventory, and adding 32 new items. The new inventory was divided into 5 groups as follows; E-I Group (20 items), D-C Group (22 items), Anx Group (20 items), S-Eg Group (20 items), As-Ce Group (20 items). The inventory was administered to 193 senior high school pupils. The factors extracted in this case were interpreted as follows; Social extraversion, and Thinking-introversion from the E-I group, Dilicacy, Emotionality, and Lack of Confidence from the D-C group, Psychogenic anxiety, and Somatic Symptoms of Anxiety from the Anx group, Self-sufficiency, and Ego-centricity, and Ego-maturity from the As-Ce group. Most of the factors corresponded to those which were extracted from the first trial inventory. Inventory for Practical UseEighty seven items loading high onto the 10 factors (excepting Self-sufficiency) were selected, and a third inventory was composed for practical use. This inventory was administered to 1262 subjects, including junior high pupils, senior high school pupils, and college students. They were divided into two groups; one the younger group and the other the elder group. Scores of traits (factors) were correlated and factor analyzed for both groups separately. Four second order factors were extracted for both groups. In regard to the patterns of factor loadings, the four factors of the one group showed close resemblances to the four factors of the other group, The factors were interpreted as follows; 1. Hypochondria. 2. Ego-tonicity and Emotionality. 3. Surgencydisurgency. 4. Thinking introversion and extraversion.

Threat Perception in Competitive Trait Anxiety: The Endangerment of Important Goals

Long COVID affects approximately ten-percent of people following post-acute Coronavirus infection. Long COVID is a complex, multisystemic recent illness. Therefore, there are currently no unitary guidelines on its management. The UK national guidelines currently recommended that interventions are guided by objective research evidence and subjective experiences of patients. They also emphasise multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary professional care and patient self-management. The current case study applied patient-led integrated cognitive behavioural therapy in a 36-year-old male presenting with long COVID symptoms with comorbid depression and anxiety. It applied integrated interdisciplinary CBT with emphasis on enhancing patient self-management. The patient attended twelve, individual, 60 min video sessions, via Microsoft Teams over a period of five months. The treatment was conducted in collaboration with the patient's general practitioner, physiotherapists and cardiopulmonary specialists. In line with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines, it applied symptom monitoring, graded pacing and behavioural experiments. At the end of therapy, the patient showed reliable change in his somatic symptoms, depression and anxiety symptoms. He also showed improved quality of life. This case illustrates the effective use of patient-led CBT for managing symptoms of long COVID with comorbid depression and anxiety in primary care.

To evaluate gender differences in the clinical presentation of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and response to sertraline treatment. Adult outpatients who met DSM-IV criteria for GAD with a minimum Hamilton rating scale for anxiety (HAM-A) total score>or=18 were randomized to 12 weeks of double-blind treatment with flexible doses (50-150 mg) of sertraline (n=182; female, 59%) or placebo (n=188; female, 51%). Clinical presentation of GAD was very similar in men and women in terms of the severity of the HAM-A psychic factor, severity of concomitant depression symptoms, duration of GAD, quality of life and impairment in physical health. Women had an earlier age of onset and higher HAM-A somatic factor scores compared with men. For both men and women, treatment with sertraline resulted in greater change from baseline to endpoint on the HAM-A compared with placebo (adjusted change+/-SE: men:-12.1+/-0.9 vs -8.8+/-0.9; women: -11.4+/-0.8 vs -7.1+/-0.9, p<0.001); the interaction between gender and treatment group was not significant, nor was there a significant difference between the average change from baseline for men compared with women. Similarly, responder rates based upon clinical global impression-improvement (CGI-I) scores at endpoint showed no significant interaction between gender and treatment, nor was there a significant difference in the response rates by gender; however, the response rate of sertraline compared with placebo was significantly different (p<0.0001) (men: 64% vs 40%; women: 62% vs 34%). Similar findings were evident at week 4 assessment and for completers (week 12). Overall, sertraline was well tolerated by both men and women. Women and men with GAD showed similar clinical presentations, with the exception that women had an earlier age of onset and reported more somatic anxiety symptoms. Sertraline was an effective and well tolerated treatment for GAD in both men and women.

The beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic had a profound effect on all aspects of daily life and triggered a swell of anxiety across the world. Some suggest this emotional response to the pandemic can be explained through death anxiety (DA), a transdiagnostic dimension associated with numerous psychological disorders. However, it remains unclear as to whether DA is a unidimensional or multidimensional construct. The primary aim of this study was to examine the underlying structure of the Death Anxiety Inventory-Revised (DAI-R; Tomás-Sábado et al., 2005) and assess its associations with mental health and demographic variables during the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve these aims, we utilized data from Waves 1 (N = 2205: collected between March 23 and March 28, 2020) and 2 (N = 1406: collected between April 22 and May 1, 2020) of the COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium (C19PRC), a multi-wave nationally representative study. Results showed that a 4-factor model provided the best fit to the data compared to a unidimensional and 4-factor second-order model. Further analyses showed that DA at Wave 1 was positively associated with somatic symptoms, paranoia, depression, anxiety, and traumatic stress symptoms at Wave 2, supporting previous research that suggests that the fear of death is predictive of psychopathology. Significantly, the factor labelled ‘Thoughts about Death’ at Wave 1 was the strongest predictor of the five main psychological variables at Wave 2, after statistically controlling for the other latent variables. These findings highlight the transdiagnostic nature of DA and support this important diagnostic construct becoming a measure of mental health more generally within the population. It is hoped that this research will shine a light on those suffering from DA and become a catalyst for increased therapeutic intervention, funding, and research in this area.

The aim of this study is to study the prevalence of mental distress at the end of pregnancy and after birth and the impact of selected socio-demographic and obstetric factors. This is a cross-sectional study. The sample is consisted of 351 puerperal women at the age of 18 and over. Sociodemographic, obstetric variables were collected to detect significant psychological distress; the instrument used was General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). Logistic multivariable regressions were used to investigate associations. The prevalence of significant mental distress amounted to 81.2%, mostly related to social relationship and anxiety. The women who affirmed having more stress during pregnancy had too significantly increased emotional distress before the birth as well as during early puerperium, increasing somatic symptoms (p<0.001; OR 2.685; CI 95% 1.583-4.553), anxiety (p<0.001; OR 4.676; CI 95% 2.846-7.684), and depressive symptoms (p<0.01). Somatic symptoms (p<0.05; OR 2.466; CI 95% 1.100-5.528) and social dysfunction (p<0.001; OR 1.672; CI 95% 0.711-3.932) occur most frequently in women who already had children. Regarding socio-demographic data, being an immigrant is the only protective factor reducing the social dysfunction in the last weeks of pregnancy (p<0.01; OR 0.478; CI 95% 0.274-0.832). Psychological distress at the end of a full-term pregnancy and in the postpartum period occurs frequently and was associated mainly with stress experienced during pregnancy and parity. It is advisable to perform proper assessment of stress and significant psychological distress at the early stage of pregnancy and repeatedly later on until delivery. Information and support from professionals can help to decrease and prevent their negative impact on maternal and fetal health, as observed in the current evidence.

Panic attacks (PAs) are characterized by overwhelming surges of fear and discomfort and are one of the most frequently occurring symptoms in psychiatric populations. The most recent version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (i.e. DSM-5) allows for a panic attack (PA) specifier for all disorders, including social anxiety disorder (SAD). However, there is little research examining differences between individuals diagnosed with SAD with the PA specifier versus individuals diagnosed with SAD without the PA specifier. The current study examined social anxiety, mood, anxiety, and anxiety sensitivity social concerns, a risk factor for social anxiety in SAD-diagnosed individuals without (N = 52) and with (N = 14) the PA specifier. The groups differed only in somatic symptoms of anxiety. Result of the current study provides preliminary evidence that the presence of the PA specifier in social anxiety does not result in elevated levels of comorbidity or a more severe presentation of social anxiety.

Anticipatory processing increases attentional biases to disgust faces in socially anxious individuals: Evidence from the N2pc and CDA

Because there is a large overlap between HIV manifestations and somatic symptoms of anxiety and depressions, it is crucial to use measures that do not contain somatic items to validly and reliably assess these psychological states in HIV-infected patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), a questionnaire that does not include any somatic items, in HIV-seropositive individuals. Because the study was conducted among French. Canadian individuals, the quality of the translation was 1st subjectively and empirically assessed. Then, the psychometric properties of the HADS were evaluated in 162 HIV-seropositive patients, who, in addition to the HADS, also completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory The French Canadian version used was found to be subjectively and empirically equivalent to the original English version. Moreover, resells of this study demonstrated a bifactorial structure with factors corresponding to the HADS subscales, an excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability, a very good convergent validity, and an acceptable discriminant validity. Strikingly, in contrast to the BDI, HADS scores were found to be unconfounded by the presence of HIV symptomatology. The HADS appears to represent the best currently available self-report scale, to reliably and validly assess anxiety and depression in HIV-infected patients. The HADS is simple and brief to administer (14 items) and may therefore be easily implemented in routine HIV care.