Self Concept and Future Orientation in Career Maturity

General Background Career preparation represents a central developmental task during early adulthood, particularly for university students approaching graduation who must make informed occupational decisions aligned with personal competencies and labor market demands. Specific Background Final-year students frequently encounter uncertainty in career planning, limited occupational information, and difficulty making independent career decisions, indicating varying levels of career maturity. Future Time Perspective is considered a psychological construct reflecting individuals’ perceptions of opportunities and limitations related to their future goals and planning processes. Knowledge Gap Although career maturity has been widely discussed, empirical examination of its statistical relationship with Future Time Perspective among final-year university students remains limited within specific institutional contexts. Aims This study aims to investigate the relationship between Future Time Perspective and career maturity among final-year students at Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo. Results Using a quantitative correlational design with quota sampling involving 162 students, data analyzed through Spearman correlation revealed a significant positive relationship between Future Time Perspective and career maturity (r = 0.761, p < 0.001). Most respondents demonstrated moderate levels of both Future Time Perspective (72%) and career maturity (65%). Novelty The study provides empirical evidence linking psychological future orientation with career development readiness using validated measurement scales within a higher education population. Implications The findings indicate that clearer future orientation is associated with higher readiness in career decision processes, offering empirical references for career guidance initiatives and student developmental programs in higher education settings. Highlights: Statistical Analysis Identified a Strong Positive Correlation Between Psychological Future Orientation and Readiness for Occupational Decision Making. Majority of Participants Demonstrated Moderate Levels Across Both Measured Psychological Constructs. Empirical Data Derived From 162 Undergraduate Respondents Using Validated Psychometric Instruments and Spearman Correlation Analysis. Keywords: Future Time Perspective, Career Maturity, Final Year Students,, Career Development, Quantitative Correlational Study

This study aims to analyze the relationship between internal locus of control and peer social support on the career maturity of Vocational High School (SMK) students in Wonocolo District, Surabaya. This research uses a quantitative method. The population in this study consists of all SMK students in Wonocolo District, comprising 3 private SMK and 2 public SMK, with a total of 6,873 students. The research sample was taken using the Quota Random Sampling technique based on the Krejcie tabel, resulting in a sample size of 364 students. The data collection instrument uses scales that have been tested for validity and reliability. The measuring instruments used in this study are the Career Maturity Scale, the Internal Locus of Control Scale, and the Peer Social Support Scale. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression tests to determine the influence of the independent variables on the dependent variable. The results showed that peer social support had a significant effect on the career maturity of students, meaning the hypothesis was accepted. Peer social support has a positive and significant relationship with the career maturity of students. The stronger the peer social support that students have, the higher the career maturity they achieve. On the other hand, internal locus of control did not show a significant relationship with students' career maturity, meaning the hypothesis was rejected. The belief of students in their internal control did not have a significant impact on career maturity.

General Background: Prosocial behavior plays a crucial role in adolescent social development and character formation within educational settings. Specific Background: In vocational high schools, students’ social interactions reflect helping, sharing, cooperating, honesty, and generosity, which contribute to a positive school climate. Knowledge Gap: However, empirical data describing the level and distribution of prosocial behavior among vocational high school students remain limited, particularly in specific institutional contexts. Aims: This study aims to describe the prosocial behavior profile of students at SMK Sepuluh Nopember Sidoarjo. Results: Using a quantitative descriptive design with proportional stratified random sampling, the findings indicate that students’ prosocial behavior generally falls within the moderate category. The helping and cooperating aspects show the highest percentages, while sharing appears at a relatively lower level compared to other dimensions. Novelty: This research provides a context-specific empirical mapping of prosocial behavior among vocational students using a structured multidimensional approach. Implications: The findings offer practical considerations for guidance and counseling programs and character education strategies to strengthen positive social engagement among students in vocational education setting Keywords: Prosocial behavior, Adolescents, Vocational High School Students, Character Education, Quantitative Descriptive Study Key Findings Highlights: Students demonstrate a moderate overall level of social-oriented actions. Cooperative and helping tendencies dominate the observed dimensions. Sharing-related actions appear less frequent compared to other indicators.

General Background: Listening skills are essential for effective communication and learning, particularly in language acquisition. Specific Background: In vocational high schools, traditional teaching methods may not adequately engage students or enhance their listening abilities. Knowledge Gap: Despite the potential of digital media, there is limited research on the specific benefits of podcasts in improving listening skills among vocational students in Indonesia. Aims: This study investigates the role of podcasts in enhancing listening comprehension among Class X students at SMK Dian Indonesia through a pre-experimental design. Results: Utilizing pre-test and post-test assessments analyzed via a T-test with SPSS, findings indicate a significant improvement in listening skills, with post-test scores averaging 79.75 compared to pre-test scores of 70.60. Novelty: This research contributes to the literature by demonstrating that podcasts can serve as an effective and engaging educational tool for enhancing listening abilities in a vocational context. Implications: The positive outcomes suggest that integrating podcasts into English language instruction can foster a dynamic learning environment, providing students with diverse content and contexts to practice listening. This approach not only addresses existing gaps in language education but also promotes the adoption of innovative teaching methods in vocational schools, thereby enriching the overall educational experience. Highlights: Significant Improvement: The study found a notable increase in students' listening skills, with post-test scores rising from 70.60 to 79.75. Innovative Learning Tool: Podcasts are introduced as a dynamic and engaging medium for enhancing language comprehension in vocational education. Practical Implications: Integrating podcasts into English instruction can diversify content and contexts, enriching the learning experience for students. Keywords: listening skills, podcasts, vocational education, English learning, student engagement

This paper is the research result that aims to describe the entrepreneurial perception and motivation of vocational high school students in Purwokerto. The topic is mainly brought by the increasing unemployment rate in Indonesia and the rise of job competition after the ASEAN Economic Community. Consequently, the vocational education role could necessarily have prepared individuals to acquire the industry’s qualification. However, the system needs to be adequately improved to hone skills while making money. This research design is the quantitative method, using a survey to examine vocational high school students’ entrepreneurial perception and motivation at two state vocational high schools in Purwokerto. The author randomly took the twelfth grader as the sample. To analyze the data, the author used the descriptive method by using frequency distribution to display the frequency of various selection outcomes. The findings show that 77.8 percent of respondents possess a positive entrepreneurial perception. On the other side, 78.8 percent of respondents have high entrepreneurial motivation. Nonetheless, vocational students’ unreadiness still becomes the main roadblock, causing them to choose to look for a job over setting up a business. Strategic action is needed so that they would not only be confident but ready to create opportunities in the job field.

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the career decision-making of vocational high school students at SMKN 1 Payung. The variables examined include career self-efficacy, self-concept, career maturity, vocational maturity, and career orientation. This research employs a quantitative approach with an explanatory survey method. The study population consists of all 92 twelfth-grade students of SMKN 1 Payung in the 2023/2024 academic year, representing three skill programs: Computer and Network Engineering, Accounting and Financial Institutions, and Fashion Design. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling, while data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted through multiple linear regression using SPSS version 26.0. The results indicate that, simultaneously, career self-efficacy, self-concept, career maturity, vocational maturity, and career orientation have a significant effect on students’ career decision-making, with an F-value of 39.246 and a significance level of 0.000. Partially, all independent variables show positive and significant effects on career decision-making (Sig. < 0.05). The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.659 reveals that 65.9% of the variation in students’ career decisions is explained by the five variables, while the remaining 34.1% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study.

As a provision for work, vocational high school students are required to have mature work readiness so that they can compete for the desired job. Job readiness for the workforce of vocational high school graduates is influenced by several factors, one of which is self-efficacy. This study aims to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and work readiness in vocational students. The method used in this research is quantitative method. In this study, the subjects were 323 SMKN students in Padang city. The data collection method in this study used a self-efficacy scale and a work readiness scale. Data analysis techniques using product moment correlation techniques. The results of hypothesis testing obtained a correlation coefficient value of 0.560 and a significance value of 0.000. This shows that there is a significant positive relationship between self-efficacy and work readiness in vocational students, meaning that the higher the self-efficacy of a student, the higher the work readiness of vocational high school students.

Career maturity is individual ability to carry out career developmental tasks according to career developmental stages, in which adolescents should be able to make plans and perform career decision-making. The problems that arise, adolescents are challenged to carry out career-decision making. The aim of the study was to assess career maturity model in adolescents which is observed from autonomy, attachment, parental social support, and self-efficacy in career decision-making. This was a quantitative study involving 262 adolescents (49.4% girls and 51.7% boys; 44.9% were 16 years old, 34.1% 15 years old, 13.1% 17 years old, and 7.9% were 14 and 18 years old) studying in high schools who were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data collection was conducted by using Career Maturity Scale, Autonomy Scale, Attachment Scale, Parental Social Support Scale and Self-efficacy Scale. Data were analysed using SEM (Structural Equation Modelling). The result of the study shows that career maturity model in adolescents conforming both concept and theory. Autonomy, attachment and parental social support are significantly related to self-efficacy in career decision-making. Likewise, selfefficacy is significantly related to career maturity in adolescents. Autonomy, attachment, and parental social support are not directly related to career maturity in adolescents, which means that career maturity in adolescents requires more than autonomy, attachment, and parental social support. Maturity is established when those factors are mediated by self-efficacy in career decision-making.

The current era changes the educational situation. There is an urgent need to integrate advanced information technology with innovative teaching models to improve students' analytical thinking skills.It was employed to Vocational High School teachers and students as a learning innovation in the current era.The selection of Vocational High School teachers and students for research is because the researcher focuses on research in the field of vocational education and it is relevant with the researcher's field of knowledge. This study aims to develop and validate a Case Based Learning model integrated with a Knowledge Management System, designed to enhance critical thinking skills among vocational high school students. The paper applies Research and Development with theADDIE scheme. The latest concept of the model, namely the Case Based Learning Model, can be collaborated with the Knowledge Management System to improveCritical Thinking Skills student as a competency needed in the current era. It is expected to have a positive impact and change practices and learning outcomes in the context of the industrial revolution currently taking place.

This study aims to evaluate the effect of learning media on the learning motivation of Vocational High School (SMK) students. The method used in this study is a meta-analysis with data collected through Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar in September 2025. The search keywords used Indonesian with a combination of the variables "learning media" (animation, video, PowerPoint, and teaching modules) and "learning motivation of vocational high school students". The data analyzed were in the form of Effect Size (ES) and Standard Error (SE) values ​​to produce a forest plot containing interval coefficients in each study. Calculations of heterogeneity, publication bias, and fail-safe N were also carried out to ensure the validity of the results. Of the 79 articles searched, 20 articles met the criteria for analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that learning media had a significant effect on student learning motivation with a summary effect of 0.849, z = 7.399, p < 0.001, and a 95% CI interval coefficient [0.624; 1.074]. Heterogeneity analysis yielded Q = 1065.072 with p < 0.001 and I² = 97.18% indicating a very high variation between studies. Subgroup analysis based on expertise program showed that Accounting and Finance had a value of -0.161 (95% CI [-0.617; 0.295]), while Automotive Engineering was 0.072 (95% CI [-1.081; 1.225]). Both were insignificant, as p > 0.05. Subgroup analysis based on learning media type also showed insignificant results: animation = 0.225 (95% CI [-1.020; 1.470]), teaching module = -0.125 (95% CI [-0.776; 0.526]), PowerPoint = 0.110 (95% CI [-0.574; 0.794]), and video = 0.215 (95% CI [-0.428; 0.859]). The Egger test showed a p value of 0.662, indicating no indication of publication bias. Furthermore, the fail-safe N value of 10,614 far exceeded the threshold of 110, confirming the reliability of this study. Overall, these findings emphasize the importance of utilizing learning media in increasing vocational high school students' learning motivation, although the effectiveness of specific media types still requires further study.

Vocational education, especially at the Vocational High School (SMK) level, plays an important role in preparing young workers who are ready to face the challenges of the world of work. Despite this, SMK graduates have been contributing to Indonesia's Open Unemployment Rate in recent years. One of the contributing factors is students' inadequate work readiness. Previous research found that internal factors have the greatest contribution to work readiness. Hardiness and optimism are two of the internal factors that are still limitedly studied in work readiness. This study aims to determine the relationship between hardiness and optimism in job readiness in vocational students. This study used quantitative methodology, with a research sample of 69 students in class XI at a vocational school in Surakarta obtained through a simple random sampling technique. The measuring instruments used are the Work Readiness Scale (?=0.944), Hardiness Scale (?=0.891), and Life Orientation Test-Revised (?=0,760). The multiple regression analysis results showed a significant relationship between hardiness and optimism in job readiness in vocational students. Hardiness and optimism together contribute an influence on work readiness of 59.7%. When tested partially, only hardiness showed a significant relationship with work readiness, while optimism did not. Educational institutions are advised to increase students' hardiness and optimism to be ready to enter the world of work.

This study aims to look at the impact of the Career Exploration Module on the ability of career planning, career self-efficacy and career maturity among community college students. A quasi-experimental design was used to evaluate using non-equivalent pre-test and post-test control group. The sample comprised 122 semester four students from two community colleges in the state of Malacca. Data were collected using three sets of instruments; i) Career Planning Competencies Instruments to measure the ability of career planning, ii) Career Maturity Inventory-Revised (CM-R) to measure attitudes and skills in career planning and iii) Career Decision Making Self Efficacy Scale (CDMSE-SF) to measure the level of students' career self-efficacy. The reliability of the instruments was analyzed using Cronbach Alpha and the value for all three instruments exceeded .70. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive analysis uses mean, frequency and percentage to see the difference between groups while inferential analysis uses MANOVA to see the difference between the groups after the experiment. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the control group and the experimental group for the variables of the abilities of career planning, career self-efficacy and career maturity after the experiment. The results of the experiment have shown that the ability of career planning, career self-efficacy and career maturity can be improved if students follow a systematic career program. The usage of Careers Exploration Module has proven to build community college students in improving their career skills. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s1p464

Graduates who are superior, competitive, and ready to work are the goals of vocational education. The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of Teaching Factory (TEFA) implementation with the Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) evaluation model and student work readiness on the Occupational Future Time Perspective (OFTP). Indeed, nowadays, professional/vocational graduates must be ready to enter the industrial world after graduation. This research involved 456 respondents of Vocational High School (VHS) students in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, who were determined using a proportional random sampling technique. This type of research is descriptive quantitative with data analysis using SEM AMOS. The results showed that there was a significant influence between the implementation of TEFA and the level of work readiness up to 57%, while the actual contribution of teaching and work readiness factors to future employment time was 80.7%. Overall, the results show that the implementation of TEFA has successfully helped students become more independent and ready to face the competitive world of work. Although 19.3 factors still influence work readiness and prospects, the research results do not change much. Therefore, the application of a teaching factory in the learning process is highly recommended for teachers and students in vocational schools. The implementation can be adjusted to the learning conditions and resources available in VHS. This research contributes as a source of reference in future studies related to improving practical learning and developing students' entrepreneurial skills.

The study investigated relationship of career maturity with career decision self-efficacy and self-advocacy of the students with visual impairment. Mixed method approach employed for the study. Purposive sampling technique was employed, a sample of 100 students were taken for study. The main finding are: There is a significant relationship between career maturity (competence test) and career decision making self-efficacy of the students with visual impairment. There is a significant relationship between career maturity (self-appraisal, occupational information, goal selection, problem solving) and self-advocacy of the students with visual impairment. There is no significant gender difference on career maturity of students with visual impairment. Career decision making self-efficacy and self- advocacy were found to be the predictors of career maturity (self-appraisal, goal selection, planning) and contribute significantly to career maturity (self-appraisal, goal selection, planning) of students with visual impairment. Career decision making self-efficacy was found the predictors of career maturity (occupational information, problem solving) and contribute significantly to career maturity (occupational information, problem solving) of students with visual impairment. There are various factors such as socioeconomic status, uneducated parents, knowledge of braille etc. which contributed to low career maturity of the students with visual impairment.

This study aims to analyze the mediating role of adversity quotient in the relationship between parental support and career adaptability among Generation Z vocational high school students. This quantitative, non-experimental study involved 627 twelfth-grade students from five schools in Jakarta and Banten, aged 16-18 (M=17.2), with a majority of female students (65.6%). Data was collected using the Career Adaptability Scale-5 (CAS-5), Career Related-Parent Support Scale (CRPSS), and Adversity Response Profile-Quick Take (ARP). Data was analyzed using R studio. The results showed that the adversity quotient partially mediated the relationship between parental support and career adaptability. The adversity quotient possessed by Generation Z vocational high school students can help them overcome difficulties in achieving career goals and adapting to the ever-changing career context due to the development of Industry 4.0 and the use of technology in the workplace. Parental support perceived by Generation Z vocational high school students significantly contributes to increasing students' career adaptability. This implies that the role of parents is crucial because the higher the parental support, the more students will have the ability to adapt to changing career contexts, especially Generation Z vocational high school students who will experience career transitions into the workforce.