Sentiment Analysis for Urdu News Tweets Using Decision Tree

The rapid growth of financial technology (fintech) services in Indonesia has significantly transformed digital transaction behavior, with digital wallets such as DANA becoming widely adopted. Despite high usage rates, public discourse on social media frequently highlights both positive experiences and recurring concerns related to system reliability and data security. Twitter, as a real-time public communication platform, provides a rich source of user-generated content that reflects public perception toward fintech services. This study investigates public sentiment toward DANA fintech services in Indonesia through sentiment analysis of Twitter data using machine learning approaches. Purpose:This study aims to analyze public perception of DANA fintech services based on sentiment expressed on Twitter and to compare the performance of several machine learning classification algorithms in identifying positive, neutral, and negative sentiments in Indonesian-language social media texts. Methods/Study design/approach: The study employs a quantitative descriptive approach using text mining and sentiment analysis techniques. Twitter data were collected via the Twitter API over a specified period and processed through preprocessing stages including text cleaning, tokenization, stopword removal, and stemming. Feature extraction was performed using the Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) method. Sentiment classification was conducted using Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Random Forest algorithms. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. Result/Findings:The results indicate that public sentiment toward DANA is predominantly positive, driven by perceptions of transaction convenience and speed, followed by neutral sentiment, while negative sentiment is mainly associated with system disruptions and data security issues. Among the evaluated algorithms, SVM achieved the highest classification accuracy (91.4%), outperforming Random Forest and KNN. These findings demonstrate that SVM is more effective for sentiment classification of short Indonesian-language texts on social media platforms. Novelty/Originality/Value:This study contributes to the growing body of sentiment analysis research in Indonesia by providing empirical evidence on public perception of fintech services using machine learning techniques. By systematically comparing multiple classification algorithms in the context of Indonesian Twitter data, the study offers methodological insights and practical implications for fintech service providers in improving service quality, communication strategies, and user trust.

Sentiment analysis in its simplest form is the classification of a piece of text into positive or negative class based on the polarity of the text. Horoscopes consist of future predictions for each of the twelve zodiac signs and are very popular in India. All major TV channels and newspapers publish their horoscope expert's predictions on a daily basis. These daily horoscopes are well suited for the task of sentiment analysis as they have a high percentage of strong sentiment bearing sentences. This work deals with sentiment analysis of Bengali daily horoscope. A corpus of 6000 sentences is created by crawling through the website of a leading Bengali newspaper's daily horoscope section. Each sentence is annotated with polarity (positive or negative) by a team of three independent annotators. A lexicon of 58 stop words is also created from the frequently occurring words in the corpus. A comparative analysis of five well known classification algorithms namely Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines, k-Nearest Neighbours, Decision Tree and Random Forest is done. For each classification algorithm three different input features (unigram, bigram and trigram presence) are experimented with. Stop word removal and feature selection using information gain metric are also used. SVM with all unigram features neither removing stop words nor using information gain metric for feature selection proves to be the best combination producing an accuracy of 98.7%.

Sentiment analysis, a crucial aspect of Natural Language Processing (NLP), plays a pivotal role in understanding public opinion, customer feedback, and user sentiments in various domains. In this study, we present a comprehensive approach to sentiment analysis that incorporates both textual and emoji data, leveraging diverse datasets from sources such as social media, customer reviews, and surveys. Our methodology consists of several key steps, including data collection, pre-processing, feature extraction, feature fusion, and feature selection. For data pre-processing, we apply techniques such as tokenization, lowercasing, stop word removal, and stemming to ensure uniform and meaningful text representation. We also extract emojis from text using regular expressions and convert them into textual representations, facilitating unified processing. Text data is transformed into feature vectors using Term frequency_ Inverse Term frequency (TF-IDF) weighting-based Bag of Words (TF-IDF_BoW) with word frequencies, pre-trained Word2Vec word embeddings, and n-grams to capture local word patterns. Emoji data, on the other hand, is processed using pre-trained emoji embeddings (Emoji2Vec) and emoji frequency counting. The Feature Fusion stage involves the combination of text and emoji features into a single feature vector, with a weighted concatenation approach. In the Feature Selection phase, introduced a Self-Improved Siberian Tiger Optimization (SI-STO), a novel feature selection technique, to identify the most relevant features for sentiment prediction. The sentiment classification model SentEmoNet combines LSTM with an Attention Mechanism and a CNN for capturing text patterns and extracting local features from text and emoji embeddings. We use standard sentiment analysis metrics to assess performance in the model evaluation phase. The proposed model has achieved an accuracy of 97.87%, which is better than the existing ones.

Sentiment analysis (SA) is the procedure of recognizing the emotions related to the data that exist in social networking. The existence of sarcasm in textual data is a major challenge in the efficiency of the SA. Earlier works on sarcasm detection on text utilize lexical as well as pragmatic cues namely interjection, punctuations, and sentiment shift that are vital indicators of sarcasm. With the advent of deep-learning, recent works, leveraging neural networks in learning lexical and contextual features, removing the need for handcrafted feature. In this aspect, this study designs a deep learning with natural language processing enabled SA (DLNLP-SA) technique for sarcasm classification. The proposed DLNLP-SA technique aims to detect and classify the occurrence of sarcasm in the input data. Besides, the DLNLP-SA technique holds various sub-processes namely preprocessing, feature vector conversion, and classification. Initially, the pre-processing is performed in diverse ways such as single character removal, multi-spaces removal, URL removal, stopword removal, and tokenization. Secondly, the transformation of feature vectors takes place using the N-gram feature vector technique. Finally, mayfly optimization (MFO) with multi-head self-attention based gated recurrent unit (MHSA-GRU) model is employed for the detection and classification of sarcasm. To verify the enhanced outcomes of the DLNLP-SA model, a comprehensive experimental investigation is performed on the News Headlines Dataset from Kaggle Repository and the results signified the supremacy over the existing approaches.

Analyzing and gathering the people’s reactions on product trading, public services, etc. are crucial. Sentiment analysis (also termed as opinion mining) is a usual dialogue preparing act that plans on discovering the sentiments after opinions in texts on changing subjects. This research work adopts a novel sentiment analysis approach that comprises six phases like (i) Pre-processing, (ii) Keyword extraction and its sentiment categorization, (iii) Semantic word extraction, (iv) Semantic similarity checking, (v) Feature extraction, and (vi) Classification. Accordingly, the Mongodb documented tweets initially underwent pre-processing with stop word removal, stemming, and blank space removal. Regarding the extracted keywords, the existing semantic words are derived after categorizing the sentiment of keywords. Additionally, the semantic similarity score is evaluated along with their keywords. The subsequent step is feature extraction, where the Holoentropy features such as cross Holoentropy and joint Holoentropy are formulated. Along with this, the extraction of weighted holoentropy features is the major work, where weight is multiplied with the holoentropy features. Moreover, in order to enhance the performance of classification results, the constant term utilized in evaluating the weight function is optimized. For this optimal tuning, a new, improved algorithm termed as Self Adaptive Moth Flame Optimization (SA-MFO) is introduced, which is the adaptive version of MFO algorithm. For classification, this paper aims to use the Deep Convolutional Neural network (DCNN), where the batch size is fine-tuned using the same SA-MFO algorithm. Finally, the performance of the proposed work is compared over other conventional models with respect to different performance measures.

Sentimental Analysis (SA) becomes a familiar topic among business people, which is commonly applied for the classification of sentiments from online reviews. It is generally treated as a sentiment classification (SC) problem where the online reviews are categorized into positive or negative polarities using the words that exist in the online reviews. With this motivation, this paper presents a new K-means clustering with hybrid metaheuristic algorithm (KMC-HMA) for SA and classification. The proposed KMC-HMA technique initially performs data preprocessing to remove the unwanted words from the product reviews. In addition, K-means clustering technique is used for the clustering of the massive quantity of the applied product reviews. Moreover, the clustered data are fed into the classification model based on hybrid ant colony optimization (ACO) with dragonfly algorithm (DFA). The ACO algorithm is used for the classification of product reviews and the performance of the ACO algorithm can be optimally tuned by the use of DFA. The performance validation of the KMC-HMA technique is validated using two datasets such as Canon and ipod. The experimental values pointed out the superior performance of the KMC-HMA technique over the recent state of art techniques.

This study aims to analyze the sentiment of the Hindu community toward religious issues on social media, with a specific focus on Kapuas Regency, Central Kalimantan. The development of social media as a digital public sphere has positioned platforms such as Instagram and Twitter as primary spaces for the spontaneous and open expression of opinions, perceptions, and religious attitudes. This study is important because religious issues in digital spaces often influence social harmony and shape religious discourse within society. The research employs a quantitative approach using text mining and sentiment analysis based on Natural Language Processing (NLP). Primary data were collected through web scraping techniques, utilizing Apify for Instagram and asynchronous Python scripts for Twitter, with relevant keywords, hashtags, and geographic indicators. The analysis process includes text preprocessing (cleaning, tokenization, stopword removal, and stemming), followed by sentiment classification using a lexicon-based approach with the InSet dictionary into three categories: positive, negative, and neutral. The analysis results were evaluated using a confusion matrix, along with precision, recall, and F1-score metrics to assess model reliability. The findings indicate that positive sentiment predominates on both Instagram and Twitter, followed by neutral sentiment, while negative sentiment appears in only a small proportion. Positive sentiment is generally associated with expressions of prayer, gratitude, tolerance, and calls for togetherness, whereas negative sentiment tends to emerge in discussions related to ritual differences or responses to socio-religious controversies. The sentiment analysis model achieved an accuracy of 100% on Instagram data (self-evaluation) and 74.4% on Twitter data (manual evaluation), with relatively high precision and recall values, indicating that the results are statistically reliable.

Sentiment analysis has become increasingly important in understanding user perceptions of digital platforms. This study focuses on analyzing TikTok application reviews from the Google Play Store in Indonesia using machine learning techniques. The research aims to investigate sentiment distribution and compare the performance of three popular machine learning models: Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Naive Bayes. The study employed a comprehensive methodology involving data collection, preprocessing, feature extraction, and model evaluation. A dataset of 10,000 TikTok reviews was collected and preprocessed using techniques such as case folding, tokenization, and stopword removal. The sentiment labeling process categorizes reviews into positive, negative, and neutral sentiments based on user ratings. The TF-IDF algorithm was used for feature extraction, and the SMOTE technique addressed class imbalance. Results revealed a predominance of negative sentiment (53.5%), followed by neutral (32.1%) and positive (14.4%) sentiment. Model performance comparisons at different data sharing ratios (80/20 and 70/30) demonstrated that Random Forest and SVM consistently outperformed Naive Bayes. At the 80/20 ratio, Random Forest achieved the highest accuracy of 83.73%, highlighting its effectiveness in sentiment classification. The research contributes to the field of sentiment analysis and natural language processing by providing insights into user experiences with the TikTok application in Indonesia. The findings can guide application developers in understanding user perceptions and improving user experience.

Sentiment classification or sentiment analysis has been acknowledged as an open research domain. In recent years, an enormous research work is being performed in these fields by applying various numbers of methodologies. Feature generation and selection are consequent for text mining as the high-dimensional feature set can affect the performance of sentiment analysis. This paper investigates the inability or incompetency of the widely used feature selection methods (IG, Chi-square, and Gini Index) with unigram and bigram feature set on four machine learning classification algorithms (MNB, SVM, KNN, and ME). The proposed methods are evaluated on the basis of three standard datasets, namely, IMDb movie review and electronics and kitchen product review dataset. Initially, unigram and bigram features are extracted by applying n-gram method. In addition, we generate a composite features vector CompUniBi (unigram + bigram), which is sent to the feature selection methods Information Gain (IG), Gini Index (GI), and Chi-square (CHI) to get an optimal feature subset by assigning a score to each of the features. These methods offer a ranking to the features depending on their score; thus a prominent feature vector (CompIG, CompGI, and CompCHI) can be generated easily for classification. Finally, the machine learning classifiers SVM, MNB, KNN, and ME used prominent feature vector for classifying the review document into either positive or negative. The performance of the algorithm is measured by evaluation methods such as precision, recall, and F-measure. Experimental results show that the composite feature vector achieved a better performance than unigram feature, which is encouraging as well as comparable to the related research. The best results were obtained from the combination of Information Gain with SVM in terms of highest accuracy.

Sentiment analysis plays a pivotal role in understanding the sentiments and opinions expressed in textual data, offering valuable insights into various domains, including tourism. In this study, we present a comprehensive review of sentiment analysis techniques applied to tourism reviews using machine learning algorithms. The abundance of user-generated content on tourism platforms has made sentiment analysis an indispensable tool for businesses and researchers alike. By leveraging machine learning algorithms, researchers can extract sentiments from vast amounts of textual data efficiently and accurately. This review outlines the key methodologies and approaches utilized in sentiment analysis of tourism reviews. It discusses preprocessing techniques such as text tokenization, stop-word removal, and stemming, which are crucial for preparing textual data for analysis. Furthermore, it examines various machine learning algorithms employed for sentiment classification, including Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines, and Recurrent Neural Networks. Additionally, the review delves into feature extraction methods such as bag-of-words, TF-IDF, and word embeddings, highlighting their impact on sentiment analysis accuracy. Moreover, it explores the challenges and limitations associated with sentiment analysis in the tourism domain, such as sarcasm detection and language nuances.

Nowadays, social media have opened a door in front of us to share individual’s expressions, emotions, and attitudes toward any incident. Sentiment analysis from different social media posts may help us to detect positive, negative, or emotional behavior toward society. Depressive text detection from social media posts is one of the most challenging parts of individual behavior or sentiment analysis. In this paper, different machine learning algorithms are used to detect depressive Bangla text from social media posts. Pre-processing steps like stemming, stop word removal, etc., are used to clean the collected data, and feature extraction techniques like count vectorization, TF-IDF, word embedding, etc., are applied to the collected dataset which consists of 6178 texts collected from social media posts. We have achieved the highest 97% classification accuracy using decision tree and 94% accuracy for bidirectional LSTM (deep learning model) to predict depressive text in Bangla language. Depressive text detection from social media posts will create an opportunity for psychologists to analyze sentiment from shared posts, reactions, and attitudes which may lessen the unwanted activities of the depressed people through diagnosis and taking them under treatment.KeywordsDepressive textBangla languageDeep learningSocial media post

PurposeUp to date development in sentiment analysis has resulted in a symbolic growth in the volume of study, especially on more subjective text types, namely, product or movie reviews. The key difference between these texts with news articles is that their target is defined and unique across the text. Hence, the reviews on newspaper articles can deal with three subtasks: correctly spotting the target, splitting the good and bad content from the reviews on the concerned target and evaluating different opinions provided in a detailed manner. On defining these tasks, this paper aims to implement a new sentiment analysis model for article reviews from the newspaper.Design/methodology/approachHere, tweets from various newspaper articles are taken and the sentiment analysis process is done with pre-processing, semantic word extraction, feature extraction and classification. Initially, the pre-processing phase is performed, in which different steps such as stop word removal, stemming, blank space removal are carried out and it results in producing the keywords that speak about positive, negative or neutral. Further, semantic words (similar) are extracted from the available dictionary by matching the keywords. Next, the feature extraction is done for the extracted keywords and semantic words using holoentropy to attain information statistics, which results in the attainment of maximum related information. Here, two categories of holoentropy features are extracted: joint holoentropy and cross holoentropy. These extracted features of entire keywords are finally subjected to a hybrid classifier, which merges the beneficial concepts of neural network (NN), and deep belief network (DBN). For improving the performance of sentiment classification, modification is done by inducing the idea of a modified rider optimization algorithm (ROA), so-called new steering updated ROA (NSU-ROA) into NN and DBN for weight update. Hence, the average of both improved classifiers will provide the classified sentiment as positive, negative or neutral from the reviews of newspaper articles effectively.FindingsThree data sets were considered for experimentation. The results have shown that the developed NSU-ROA + DBN + NN attained high accuracy, which was 2.6% superior to particle swarm optimization, 3% superior to FireFly, 3.8% superior to grey wolf optimization, 5.5% superior to whale optimization algorithm and 3.2% superior to ROA-based DBN + NN from data set 1. The classification analysis has shown that the accuracy of the proposed NSU − DBN + NN was 3.4% enhanced than DBN + NN, 25% enhanced than DBN and 28.5% enhanced than NN and 32.3% enhanced than support vector machine from data set 2. Thus, the effective performance of the proposed NSU − ROA + DBN + NN on sentiment analysis of newspaper articles has been proved.Originality/valueThis paper adopts the latest optimization algorithm called the NSU-ROA to effectively recognize the sentiments of the newspapers with NN and DBN. This is the first work that uses NSU-ROA-based optimization for accurate identification of sentiments from newspaper articles.

The exponential growth of social media platforms such as Twitter has led to an immense amount of user-generated data, providing valuable insights into public opinion. Sentiment analysis, a subfield of Natural Language Processing (NLP), helps categorize user sentiments as positive, negative, or neutral. However, traditional approaches often face limitations in accuracy due to inefficient feature extraction and data noise. This study proposes a hybrid optimization-based sentiment classification model that combines the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) for efficient feature selection. The extracted features are then classified using a voting ensemble model integrating K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Decision Tree classifiers. The model is trained and tested on real-time Twitter data collected via the Twitter API, following preprocessing steps such as tokenization, stop-word removal, and lemmatization. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the proposed hybrid model achieves a classification accuracy of approximately 99%, outperforming existing machine learning models. The results confirm that the integration of GA-GWO optimization with ensemble classification enhances sentiment detection accuracy and robustness in large-scale social media datasets.

Many users would use social media to express their opinions on their products or services. The expression can be good or bad. This project proposed a sentiment analysis on the automotive company where the users' opinions are analysed through this feedback. The data are collected from the social media of Twitter and followed by data mining techniques which are tokenization, removing stop words, and stemming. A sentiment classifier is implemented after the data have been converted into valuable data. Naïve Bayes classification is employed in this project by using Python language. Based on the dataset that we use, the article may analyse market demand for the automobile industry. According to the findings, Honda and Mazda had the highest positive sentiment, with more than 85 percent. This project is beneficial to the automotive industry, especially to teams' production. This finding supports a better understanding between the industry and their customer, to enhance the business strategies and find out the weaknesses.

Text sentiment analysis technology is a hot topic recently. As a short text, there is a feature of using complex sentences to express the author's true views and complex emotional tendencies in micro-blogs. In current researches on sentiment classification based on machine learning, few of them focus on complex sentences. This paper proposed a sentiment analysis method based on SVM and complex phrasing classifier, and made a full analysis of structural features of Chinese conditional sentences, transition sentences and multiple negative sentences, which were taken as text features. A variety of different combinations of features were chosen, including emotional words, speech, negative words, the degree of adverbs and punctuation, etc., to optimize the results of sentiment analysis through multiple sets of experiments. The experiments show that when we choose the combinations of features of emotional words, part of speech and complex sentence patterns, this method improved the accuracy of sentiment classification compared to the common method.