Sharing learning in a cooperative design system

The aim of a cooperative system is to coordinate and support group activities. Cooperative Systems Design Language (CSDL) is an experimental language designed to support the development of cooperative systems from specification to implementation. In CSDL, a system is defined as a collection of reusable entities implementing floor control disciplines and shared workspaces. CSDL tries to address the difficulties of integrating different aspects of cooperative systems: cooperation control, communication, and system modularization. This paper presents CSDL as a specification language. Basic units are coordinators that can be combined hierarchically. A coordinator is composed of a specification, a body, and a context. The specification defines the cooperation policy; the body controls the underlying communication channels; and the context defines coordinators' interaction in modular systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

The modeling characteristics of architecture engineering cooperative design system were discussed. Based on the foregone work, a net-based system of architecture engineering cooperative design system, the concept of "physical cooperative" was proposed. The model of "cooperative institute of architecture design" was schemed, and the methods of information communion and data communion were discussed. Then the principles of implementation for "cooperative institute of architecture design" were explained. Finally, the implementation of the system was represented. It is proved that this theoretical model is feasible and valuable.

In this paper we present the specification of the interactions between an artificial actor mediator and the cooperative actors of a design system, developed to give support to mechanical system designer activities. The use of cooperative systems must contain a sufficient level of assistance to facilitate and coordinate the actor's activities (control of tasks and collective problem resolution). To accomplish this goal we introduce an artificial actor: the Mediator. To illustrate our approach we will present the specification of the interaction of a system of mediation, embedded in a cooperative functional analysis toolbox. We consider two interaction levels: the interactions between actors (natural and artificial), and the interactions between the agents who compose the mediating actor.

The modeling characteristics of architecture engineering cooperative design system are discussed. Based on the foregone work, a net-based system of architecture engineering cooperative design system, the concept of "physical cooperative" is proposed. The model of "cooperative institute of architecture design" is schemed, and the methods of information communion and data communion are discussed. Then the principles of implementation for "cooperative institute of architecture design" are explained. Finally, the implementations of the system are represented. It is proved that this theoretical model is feasible and valuable

COOP 2014 - Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems, 27-30 May 2014, Nice (France)

Dismantling robot was developed for ceiling boards. The system design of dismantling robot includes cooperative system between human-workers and robots. Besides, it has hierarchical system of the independent robot. Indeed, we carried out the dismantlement of ceiling boards by the new method of cutting ceiling boards, and verified the effectiveness of the robot system.

In semi-automated workshops producing small or medium runs, the human factor plays a preeminent role in the decision making process. A computerized management is sought nonetheless, considering the great number of items to maintain. In this context, classical scheduling tools using optimization techniques are not flexible enough to provide a feasible plan. Cooperative scheduling, which means a collaboration between a human operator and a system, constitutes a promising alternative for managing production. In this paper, the authors present a methodology to implement cooperative scheduling. It is based on the converging of a top-down approach to functional design and a bottom-up approach to the cognitive design of human-computer interaction. The top-down approach relies on a constraint-based analysis that aims at providing a set of feasible schedules for decision making. The bottom-up approach consists of a knowledge acquisition phase, essentially using brainwriting techniques. An industrial application in an aircraft company has been investigated. The emphasis is on the processing-order release function in a flanging shop which resulted, through constraint logic programming, in a mock-up of a cooperative system.

The cooperative shared tele-operation technology is used to overcome the impact of satellite-earth communication delay and non-structural space environment. To get the appropriate collaborative shared teleoperation system operation sequence, the formal based operation strategy is proposed. Firstly, the task sequence algorithm is introduced. In the algorithm, GSPN (generalize stochastic Petri net) based task sequence models for teleoperation task are established and evaluated to work out the optimal task sequence. And the task sequence is turned into a working mode sequence. Then the working mode transform algorithm is designed in order to reach a fast and stable transform. Based on directed graph theory, the working mode topology graph is obtained. The optimal working mode transform steps can be derived by shortest path algorithm. Finally, unit replacement task is proposed as example to illustrate the operation strategy. The result in this paper can be used in cooperative shared teleoperation system design and on-orbit system task design. It also can be the auxiliary method for teleoperation operator.

A RFBSE model for capturing engineers’ useful knowledge and experience during the design process

One of today’s challenges consists in seeing simulation in the context of human-centered processes. This requires understanding simulation as complex problemsolving, knowledge-generation and learning process but simultaneously as tool to support teaching and subject of knowledge application. Hence, the paper applies a knowledge management perspective to logistics simulation projects. Knowledge flows in the course of a project are analyzed and a method for continuous knowledge documentation is introduced to enable human resources involved in a simulation project to act properly as knowledge stakeholders and knowledge users to the benefit of the project; and also to strengthen the other role of simulation – to be a very valuable methodology and tool for the acquisition and storage of knowledge about the structure and organization of logistics systems and about processes of lasting effect for running, maintaining or even re-designing them. Finally, the vision of an automatically generated simulation project report is developed. With this, the paper describes ongoing research the results of which will not only be relevant to logistics simulation but applicable to other application areas of simulation, too.

Design thinking involves divergent and convergent thinking towards a satisficing solution with issues such as rationalization, creativity and how it functions during the process with design activities. The goal of this research is to understand design activities and cognitive processes during design phases through comparative analysis of novice and expert visual communication designers under theoretical framework. Research method for the study consists of three stages; 1) literature review, 2) experiment, and 3) analysis. After reviewing design thinking, visual communication design, and design activities and cognitive processes in design phases, a visual communication design task is performed by novice and expert designers in an experimental setting. Collected data includes concurrent self-reporting, writings, sketches, computer iterations, retrospective interview and researcher`s observational notes. Data assembled in one-minute time frames were examined by two coders for verbal and visual analyses. For the design process, all expert designers went through the phases of problem structuring, concept generation, concept visualization, design refinement, and detailing whereas two of the novice designers jumped into visualization followed by refinement and detailing. Experts worked on detailed design in between phases instead of at the end which indicates the ability to segment and conquer design task according to confronted circumstances. In reflection to design activities, novice designers produced significantly larger number of sketches compared to expert designers. Expert designers produced small number of sketches but they made substantial progress during the process. Novice designers used graphic software as a confirmatory tool whereas expert designers started working with computer from preliminary design phase for exploratory purposes. As for cognitive processes, expert designers exhibited more divergent thinking compared to novice designers. Expert designers went through divergent to convergent thinking for concept generation, and repeated the process one more time during visualization until meeting a satisficing design solution. Novices who overlooked concept generation went through divergent to convergent thinking during sketching and visualization using computer. The goal of this study was to investigate the thinking processes of visual communication designers during the entire design phases through comparative analysis of novice and expert designers. This study contributes to the comprehensive exploration of the design phases as most of the prior researches concentrated on the conceptual stage of design process. This sets example for examining design disciplines according to the design objectives, functions, artifacts, and how designers operate while designing. For the future research, specific issues found from the study need to be further investigated with larger number of participants for finding patterns of visual communication designers` thinking processes.

This study examined whether experience with different computer-based complex problem situations would improve complex problem solving (CPS) competence in an unknown problem situation. Therefore, university students (N = 110) took part in a control group study. They were trained in five different complex problem situations for up to 7 hr, and their performance was tested in a sixth complex problem situation. The data analyses revealed that the training influenced the CPS process of knowledge acquisition. However, the CPS process of knowledge application was not impacted by experience with other problem situations. Implications for the concept of CPS as a trainable competence as well as the training of CPS in general are discussed.

BackgroundComplex problem-solving competence is regarded as a key construct in science education. But due to the necessity of using interactive and intransparent assessment procedures, appropriate measures of the construct are rare. This paper consequently presents the development and validation of a computer-based problem-solving environment, which can be used to assess students' performance on complex problems in Chemistry. The test consists of four scales, namely, understanding and characterizing the problem, representing the problem, solving the problem, and reflecting and communicating the solution. Based on this four-dimensional framework, the computer-based assessment has been evaluated with the data of N = 395 10th grade high school students.ResultsResult showed that students' complex problem-solving competence could be modelled by four related but empirically distinct factors with moderate to high intercorrelations. The construct showed substantial relations with fluid intelligence and prior domain knowledge in Chemistry, indicating that construct validity and domain specificity were given. Processes of understanding and characterizing the problem were substantially related to subsequent processes in complex problem solving.ConclusionsDue to the complexity of complex problem-solving processes in Chemistry, multidimensionality of the construct could be assumed. Consequently, science educators should take into account abilities of understanding, representing, solving the problem, and finally reflecting and communicating the solution when developing instructional approaches and valid computer-based assessments.

The Communication needs for public safety networks and the Process Management are compared and the concept of Safety Grid is deduced. The elemental & cognitive functional safety in a System of Systems View is related to Safety Grid. Safety management of chemical storage tank is used to analyse influences of Theory of constraints, Cognitive Safety and Functional Safety. Safety information model is derived as a function of People, Process and Things. People in the context are either Informed (Aware), Associated or Acknowledge (Act). Process is segregated as Rules, Verify, Measure or Simulate. The system structure is modelled with respect to People, Process and Things as related in Internet of Everything with a Thing Architectural Model defined by an OR3C communication interface using CoAP transport model.

This paper is on the design of cooperative adaptive cruise control systems for automated driving of platoons of vehicles in the longitudinal direction. Longitudinal models of vehicles with simple dynamics, an uncertain first order time constant and vehicle to vehicle communication with a communication delay are used in the vehicle modeling. A robust parameter space approach is developed and applied to the design of the cooperative adaptive cruise control system. D-stability is chosen as the robust performance goal and the feedback PD controller is designed in controller parameter space to achieve this D-stability goal for a range of possible longitudinal dynamics time constants and different values of time gap. Preceding vehicle acceleration is sent to the ego vehicle using vehicle to vehicle communication and a feedforward controller is used in this inter-vehicle loop to improve performance. Simulation results of an eight vehicle platoon of heterogeneous vehicles are presented and evaluated to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed design method. Also, the proposed method is compared with a benchmark controller and the feedback only controller. Time gap regulation and string stability are used to assess performance and the effect of the vehicle to vehicle communication frequency on control system performance is also investigated.