Sida conduplicata (Malvaceae), a New Species from Java, Indonesia

Cephalaria saldaensis, collected from Eşeler Mountain around Salda Lake (Yeşilova-Burdur), one of Turkey’s important tourism regions, is described from South-West Anatolia as a new species. Diagnostic morphological and molecular characters from closely similar taxa are discussed. The geographical distribution of the new species and other related species is mapped. Taxonomic comments such as descriptive and diagnostic characters, distribution and ecology, conservation status for this new species are given in the current study. In this study, morphological characterization of three different Cephalaria spp. was also supported via molecular characterization based on PCR technology. Twenty-two ISSR primers were tested using a total of fifteen individuals belonging to three different Cephalaria spp. Five of these primers gave the most productive band profile. A total of 53 bands ranging from 250bp to 2000bp were obtained from the PCR products on agarose gel image, and the polymorphism calculated on the basis of the band profiles was 77.4%. The band profiles were also analyzed using the PopGen32 Software program. The constructed phylogenetic tree grouped the Cephalaria spp. individuals belonging to these three species into two main clusters and the phylogenetic analysis indicated that C. saldaensis was clearly different from the C. scoparia and C. dirmilensis.

Leopoldia buseana Yıldırım (Asparagaceae) is described as a new species to science. It is endemic to the western Anatolia region of Türkiye. Leopoldia buseana is only known from Muğla Province. The new species is morphologically similar to L. muglaensis, L. elmasii, and L. weissii. Diagnostic morphological characters are discussed and compared with those related taxa. Leopoldia buseana is easily distinguished from related species by its distinctly longer inflorescence, the number of fertile and sterile flowers, mauve to bluish-mauve buds and early stage of fertile flowers, flat or sometimes slightly channeled and broader leaves, and the seed surface ornamentation. Diagnostic characters, a comprehensive description, photographs, and a distribution map are provided.

Abstract. Nisa A, Kurniawati A, Faridah DN. 2023. Morphological characters, phenolic and flavonoid contents of Vitex trifolia accessions from LamonganDistrict, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1635-1641. Indonesia is a country with high biodiversity. Legundi (Vitex trifolia L.) is one of the plant species that has long been used as a raw material for traditional herbal medicine. This study aims to determine the morphological, agronomic, leaf production, and total phenolic and total flavonoid content of the V. trifolia accession from Lamongan District, East Java, Indonesia. Morphological and agronomic characterizations were observed using qualitative and quantitative parameters. The colorimetric method determined the total phenolic and flavonoid content in V. trifolia extract. The results showed differences in morphological and agronomic characters between accessions. The Bluluk accession had the highest leaf production that did not differ from the Pucuk, Sekaran, and Kedumpring accessions, while the Modo accession had the lowest. There was no difference in total phenol and flavonoid content between accessions. Leaves had the highest total phenolic content (3210.57 GAE mg/100 g dry powder), followed by twigs (1331.98 GAE mg/100 g dry powder) and fruit (973.77 GAE mg/100 g dry powder). Leave also contained the highest flavonoid content (1792.90 QE mg/100 g dry powder).The highest phenolic and flavonoid content in the leaves of V. trifoliamay support its use in traditional medicine.

Root knot nematodes is an important pathogen on potatoes in tropical and sub-tropical areas. Root knot nematodes contribute a significant impact in reducing the quality and quantity of potato tuber. Meloidogyne incognita is one of the species causing the root knot. This research was conducted to identify M. incognita on potatoes in Java Island based on morphological and DNA molecular characteristic. The infected potato tubers with pimple-like knot symptom were collected from Pangalengan (West Java), Banjarnegara (Central Java), and Kota Batu (East Java). Nematode was identified based on morphological character of perineal pattern, and based on molecular DNA character by polymerase chain reaction technique using a pair of specific primer (MI-F and MI-R), followed by DNA fragment sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Based on morphological character of perineal pattern, M. incognita was detected in all 3 locations; while based on DNA molecular character, and M. incognita was detected in Pangalengan (West Java) and Kota Batu (East Java). M. incognita from Pangalengan had high homology, i.e.99.2% to 99.8% with those isolates from China, India, and Malaysia.

Climate change and global warming have become major issues in the last 10 years and affect many sectors including coffee plantations. Global warming causes El Nino to occur more frequently and potentialy reduced agricultural production between 5–20%. In coffee plantations, an effort to minimize the impact of climate change is the use of agroforestry cropping pattern. One of the Robusta coffee producing areas grown using agroforestry system in East Java is at Gumitir mountain area. Coffee plants used as samples were 10–12 years old of Tugusari 6 coffee plantations managed by Sidomulyo farmer group. The environmental design used completely randomized block design with three replicates for each treatment which consisted of +0.5 ha. The results of this study indicated that coffee grown under forest produced the lowest irradiation and keep daytime tem-peratures 26.33oC with humidity 85% during this El Nino period. On plant growth parameters showed that the lower intensity of irradiation produced coffee plants with morphological characters of longer segments, larger leaves and higher chlo-rophyll content. Plant growth showed no significant difference except in coffee agroforestry system with pine which produced the smallest stem diameter and fewer productive branches. It was suspected due to the presence of allelopati compounds released by the litter of pine leaves. Coffee grown under natural forest produced highest nodes per branch, cherries per node, and number of cherries per tree than other systems. Productivity of robusta coffee in Gumitir mountain area during El Nino showed that the highest productivity in forest 1497 kg ha –1 and 1355 kg ha –1 on coffee grown under Leucaena, due to its ability to maintain moisture. Agroforestry system in coffee is able to maintain environmental conditions in this case in terms of irradiation, temperature and moisture during El Nino which caused stability of plant growth and coffee productivity during El Nino.

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Agung S. Darmayanti, Esti E. Ariyanti, Ilham K. Abywijaya, Melisnawati H. Angio, Dewi Lestari; Seed exploration in Meru Betiri National Park and its conservation in seed bank of Purwodadi Botanic Garden, East Java, Indonesia. AIP Conference Proceedings 24 January 2023; 2634 (1): 020017. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0112781 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search

Lepidagathis kurnoolensis sp. nov. is a decumbent, woody undershrub found in scrub forests among quartzite rocks near the Orvakal Mandal of the Kurnool District. This new species resembles Lepidagathis diffusa C.B.Clarke with respect to habit, leaf shape, spike appearance, sterile bracts shape, corolla, calyx lobes, and fruits shape, but can be distinguished by differences in stem, leaf texture, leaf apex, spike size, morphology and number of sterile bracts, size and shape of bracts, nature of seed, and anatomy of stem. It also resembles Lepidagathis spinosa Wight ex Nees in spike appearance, sterile bract shape, corolla, and fruit shape but differs in its wood nature, leaf shape and size, bracts and bracteoles surface nature, seed morphology and anatomy of stem. A detailed description, illustrations, and field images are provided for easy identification along with a comparative table highlighting differences in morphological characters of allied species. The IUCN conservation assessment for this species is discussed.

Rahmawati B, Mahajoeno E. 2009. Variation of morphology, isozymic and vitamin C content of dragon fruit varieties. Nusantara Bioscience 1: 131-137. The aims of the research was to study the variation of morphology, the band pattern of isozyme, and vitamin C content of dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) varieties such as super red, red and white from Pasuruan (East Java), Sukoharjo and Klaten (Central Java), and Bantul districts (Yogyakarta). Morphological character were carried include fruit, stem, and flowers of each variety of dragon fruit. The isozymic pattern was analyzed using NTSYS 2.02i. The data matrix was counted based on the DICE coefficient. The clustering was done by applying UPGMA which counted through SHAN. Vitamin C content measured by titration method then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the higher vitamin C content was found from super red of Pasuruan (6.00) and then followed by red color (5.376) and super red (5.113) both from Bantul. The morphological variation on the stem and petal colors, and fruits were also shown by the isozymic data of three varieties of dragon fruits collected from four separated locations. Esterase (EST) showed 18 bands and forming four (4) groups based on 75% genetic similarity index. The specific band occurred on Rf 0.633 of red varieties of dragon fruit from Bantul and on Rf 0.755 from Pasuruan. The specific band also occurs on Rf 0.347 of white variety from Bantul and on Rf 0.510 and on Rf 0.633 from Klaten. Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) enzyme shows 12 bands and also forming four groups with a little difference for member in the fourth group. The specific band occurs on Rf 0.321 of red color fruit from Pasuruan. The specific band also occurs on the white from Pasuruan on Rf 0.446 and on Rf 0.482. The variation of dragon fruits were also supported by isozymic data indicated that the morphological character were in accordance with the genetics data.

The shore crab, Cyclograpsus aff. integer (Subfamily Cyclograpsinae, Family Varunidae: Superfamily Grapsoidea), is recorded for the first time from the Egyptian Red Sea coasts and from the entire Red Sea. This species is a small-sized crab, lives in burrows at the upper intertidal zone of the sandy-mud and sandy bottom mixed with small pebbles. The diagnostic characters with illustrations distinguished it from other closely allied species were given. All information on crab habitat, color, diagnostic and morphological characters of this species were given and discussed.

Ciplukan (Physalis spp.) is a wild plant which is that potentially used as a medicinal plant. Information related to the diversity of Physalis spp. in Indonesia is limited. The objectives of the research was to identify the diversity of wild Physalis sp. on Mt. Kelud, East Java based on morphological characters, total protein profiles, and flavonoid compounds. The research was conducted by survey on some gradients viz. 200–400, 400–600, 600–800, 800–1,000 and >1,000 m above sea level. Identification of morphological characters was focused on root, stem, leaf, flower and fruit covering 16 characters for scoring. Identification of total protein profile was performed by SDS-PAGE method and the flavonoid compound was analyzed using UV spectrophotometric method based on the colorimetric principle. The degree of diversity of Physalis spp. was determined based on morphological similarity and total protein profiles through cluster analysis. The results showed that Physalis spp. on Kelud was found up to 1,000 m above sea level. Altitude affected to the morphological diversity, total protein profile and the flavonoid compound. Morphological features that play a role in the diversity of Physalis sp. were the direction of growing stems, leaf shape, leaf margin, leaf surface, leaf stalk color, stain color on the inner neck of thr flower, and fruiting calyx color. Expression of total protein P. minima. shows similarity to P. angulata L. Physalis sp. in the low gradient have a higher flavonoid compound as compared to the middle and high gradients. There were two species of Physalis found on the gradient of Mt. Kelud, East Java, namely Physalis minima L. and Physalis angulata L.

Information about the morphological and genetic characteristics of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is important in the variety development program. This experiment aimed to determine the diversity and genetic relationship of sweet potato accessions from NTT based on morphological character data. The research was carried out at Kendalpayak Research Station, Malang, East Java from April - September 2019. The materials used were seventy-one sweet potato germplasm from the ILETRI collection (collected from NTT). Each accession was planted on a 1 m × 5 m plot size, with a spacing of 100 × 20 cm (single row). Fertilization was carried out using a dose of “100 kg urea + 100 kg SP36 + 200 kg KCl ha-1”. The observed characters were the vines length, growth type, internode length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf size, leaf bone color, leaf shape, leaf characteristics, lobes number, lobe shape, mature leaf color, shoot color, pigmentation of petiole, young stems pigmentation (dominant and secondary color), young leaves feathers, tuber skin color, tuber flesh color, weight of canopy, number of tubers perplot, weight of tubers perplot, number and weight of tubers perplot. Cluster analysis was carried out using the Minitab 17 program. There was morphological diversity in seventy-one accessions of sweet potato germplasm from NTT. Principal component analysis resulted in seven main components with the proportion of diversity 76.3%. cluster analysis, seventy-one accessions of sweet potato germplasm were divided into fifteen accession groups on the basis of 80% degree. Characteristics of shoot color, mature leaf color, leaf size, petiole pigmentation, and leaf bone color contributed greatly to the total diversity.

The identification of plants of the genus Mentha is often difficult due to significant intraspecific polymorphism, intense interspecific hybridization, and ploidy changes. An attempt was made to apply an integrated approach to the study of different parameters of two species: Mentha arvensis L. and M. canadensis L. Eight geographically dispersed populations of Mentha in different regions (European Russia, Khakassia and Far East, Western Ukraine, and Indochina) were studied. Diagnostic morphological characters and compositions of essential oil components were examined, and DNA was analyzed with ISSR markers. The data obtained were statistically processed by cluster, principal component, and principal coordinate analyses. The European and Asian groups of samples were clearly distinguished by the analysis of quantitative parameters of the calyx and leaves, but different methods of data processing produced different results in determining the belonging of the Far Eastern plants to a particular group. Therefore, their taxonomic positions can hardly be determined on morphological grounds. According to the composition of essential oil and ISSR fragments, a group of the genetically, morphologically, and phytochemically closest plants was identified, which included representatives of the populations of the Moscow oblast, Vladimir oblast, Kaluga oblast, the Komi Republic, and Khakassia. All these plants belonged to M. arvensis. Plants collected in the natural flora of the Russian Far East showed a greater resemblance in essential oil composition and ISSR markers to the European group of M. arvensis than to plants from Indochina, which, according to the data obtained, belonged to M. сanadensis. It was shown that a comprehensive study of plant morphological characters, the compositions of essential oil, and ISSR fragments allows one to clarify the species identity and to assess their polymorphism and the degree of kinship between populations. A certain correlation between the data of molecular analysis and the composition of essential oil and, to a lesser extent, their correlation with morphological characters of plants was revealed.

The crested loaches of the genus Paracobitis from the Sistan basin (Iran) are reviewed based on morphological and mitochondrial cytb and COI sequences characters to check the status of taxa in phylogenetic trees. Paracobitis rhadinaea (Regan, 1906) and P. vignai Nalbant & Bianco, 1998 were known only based on minor morphological differences (presence or absence of scales, caudal fin shape, colour pattern and fish size). We failed to find any diagnostic molecular and morphological characters between them. Therefore, we regard P. vignai as a junior synonym of P. rhadinaea.

Stolephorus leopardus sp. nov. is described here, and Stolephorus pacificus and Stolephorus teguhi are redescribed. Those three species are distinguished among congeners by the presence of more than 30 gill rakers on the lower limb of the first gill arch and a short maxilla, posteriorly just reaching the anterior border of the preopercle. Stolephorus pacificus and S. teguhi have rarely been reported since they were originally described, and therefore detailed morphological data and further diagnostic characters are provided. Stolephorus leopardus, in turn, is described based on four specimens collected on Nias Island, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The new species can be distinguished from S. pacificus and S. teguhi by a shorter pectoral fin (15.6-16.3% of standard length vs. longer than 16.5%), a longer snout (4.7-4.8% of standard length vs. < 4.5%), and an intermediate number of total gill rakers on the first gill arch (63-68 in S. leopardus vs. 57-63 in S. pacificus and 72-82 in S. teguhi). In addition, the new species differs from S. pacificus in having a dark line on the dorsum (vs. line absent), numerous melanophores laterally on the head (vs. a few melanophores on the snout and mandible tips), and higher counts of branched anal-fin rays [19-21(modally 19) vs. 17-19 (18)]. Stolephorus leopardus is further distinguished from S. teguhi by a shorter anal-fin base (22.4-22.5% of standard length vs. 22.7-25.3%).

Backgrounds &amp; Aims: The Rubiaceae family has not been updated on its distribution within the Iberá Macrosystem for more than 20 years. We present an analysis in order to update the catalogue of species and the distributions for each one, highlight diagnostic characters and determine knowledge gaps. M&amp;M: Based on Flora del Iberá and the analysis of label data and the morphology of herbarium specimens, identifications were corroborated, and each collection was georeferenced. Growth form, diagnostic morphological characters, geographical distributions, and habitats were recorded for each species. Results: Sixteen genera and 33 species were recorded. Borreria orinocensis and Galium uruguayense were excluded from the Iberá Macrosystem, and Borreria krapocarmeniana and Randia heteromera were added. An identification key for all Rubiaceae in the area is provided. The current collection points of the family have not changed compared to the last 20 years. Conclusions: There is a considerable information gap, linked to the lack of collections in the most central areas of the Iberá Macrosystem. Updating the lists of species in protected areas provides crucial information for the proper management and conservation of biodiversity.