Simulation of sensorless permanent magnetic brushless DC motor control system

High speed permanent magnet (PM) brushless dc (BLDC) motors have increasingly been used in a wide range of commercial and industrial applications, while low rotor loss and reliable rotor dynamic feature of the motor are essential requirements. Due to the high power densities, the high speed PM BLDC motors' unit volume losses are high, and also it is difficult to disperse heat, thus, the rotor losses are no longer negligible compared to the conventional-speed machines and must be considered in the design process. Besides, the rotors of high speed PM BLDC motors are subject to the resonance vibration, limiting the maximum operation speed. This paper describes the design and analysis of a high speed PM BLDC motor with surface mounted magnets for a rated power of 10kW at 70,000 rpm. Influences of the stator and rotor structures as well as magnet materials on the motor's electromagnetic performance and rotor dynamic property are analyzed. Both analytical and FEA methods are adopted to calculate the motor losses and rotor resonance modals with different motor configurations.

This paper presents an advanced model of a brushless dc motor(BLDCM) control system for the electric power steering(EPS) applications considering the suppression of torque ripples. All modules of the EPS system with a BLDCM are modeled under the Matlab/Simulink environment. Among them, the DSP module and the back-EMF module are achieved by the C MEX S-function. The DSP module can output six PWM signals and commutation logic is just considered as a real DSP chip. Furthermore, all six PWM signal ports can be controlled independently, which is convenient in the suppression of commutation torque ripples. The back-EMF module can realize any waveform of back-EMF and the ADC module performs a sample-and-hold function. The model with all the modules considered highlights the consistency with the actual system, which can be used to study the suppression of the torque ripple of the BLDCM, as well as to provide an effective platform for the development of an EPS system with a BLDCM.

This paper presents a robust fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for brushless DC motor (BLDCM) control system. The hardware circuit of the BLDCM control system is designed and implemented using a digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320LF2407A and a monolithic BLDCM controller MC33035 as the core. Furthermore, a fuzzy PID controller, which combines the advantages of good robustness of fuzzy controller and high precision of conventional PID controller, is employed in the hardware system, thereby yielding a digital, intelligent BLDCM control system. Experimental results have shown that the control system can run steadily and control accurately, and have convincingly demonstrated the usefulness of the proposed fuzzy PID controller in BLDCM control system.

This paper presents technique to minimize cogging torque in radial flux surface mounted Permanent Magnet Brushless DC (PMBLDC) motor. Variation in magnet edge inset is done and its influence on cogging torque is analyzed. Magnet edge inset is varied from 0 mm to 2 mm keeping other dimensions same in three standard rating radial flux surface mounted Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motors. It is observed that this technique is effective and cogging torque can be considerably reduced whereas average torque is marginally affected. Hence, it is very essential to select proper magnet edge inset to reduce the cogging torque in order to improve the performance.

In this study, a bidirectional DC-to-DC quadratic converter (BDQC) is designed and developed for the motoring and regenerative braking (RB) of a permanent magnet brushless DC (PMBLDC) motor for a light electric vehicle (LEV) application. A PMBLDC motor is deemed more suitable for an electric vehicle (EV) due to its high efficiency and torque density. In the present work, a BDQC of 1 kW is designed to drive a 1.1 HP PMBLDC motor through a conventional voltage source inverter (VSI). An EV’s load cycle is emulated using a highly inertial load driven by a PMBLDC motor during the converter’s boost mode operation. RB is a crucial factor in extending the driving range of EVs by efficiently utilizing battery power. The converter operates in buck mode during RB, and simultaneously, the back electromotive force (EMF) of the PMBLDC machine is boosted by the self-inductance of the PMBLDC motor and the VSI. The braking technique used in this work eliminates the traditional drawback of RB in buck mode, as the power is extracted even when the motor’s back EMF is lower than the battery’s voltage. The control strategy has been implemented using the TMS320F28335 DSP controller for a developed converter prototype of the converter and driving the PMBLDC motor. The experimental results are compared to the simulation results, and a good alignment has been found.

Nominal voltage of the traction motors being used in electric vehicles is typically higher than the voltage generated by the onboard DC sources. Thus, motors of AC type require boost as well as inversion of available DC voltage. This can be done either by a DC-DC boosted inverter (DBI) or by the recently introduced Z-source inverter (ZSI). Since drives with PM brushless DC (BLDC) motor are largely utilized in the traction of light electric vehicles, it is of interest to carry out a comparative analysis of the two supplies when feeding such kind of motor. In this paper, DBI and ZSI supplies are designed for the study case of an electric city scooter propelled by a PM BLDC motor and powered by a fuel cell with the assistance of a battery. Ratings of the transistors and sizes of the passive components for the two supplies are determined as a function of the fraction of the fuel cell power to the nominal power of the traction motor. The design results are discussed.

The traditional PID control method has the disadvantages of slow response speed, low precision and poor anti-interference ability when controlling the brushless DC motor system. In view of these shortcomings, a fuzzy PID control based brushless DC motor control system was proposed. The principle and characteristics of fuzzy control were introduced; The control principle of PID control based on fuzzy rules was analyzed; The fuzzy subsets were established and fuzzy control rules were established; The simulation of brushless DC motor control system was simulated by Matlab/Simulink. The results showed that the PID control algorithm based on fuzzy logic control improved the dynamic performance and stronger adaptive ability of the DC brushless motor.

This paper reviews advances in the state of the art of applying three-dimensional finite-element (3-D-FE) magnetic field computation techniques to the analysis and quantification of parameters and performance of permanent magnet (PM) brushless DC motors as components of brushless DC drives. The application of the powerful 3-D-FE formulation based on the coupled magnetic vector potential-magnetic scalar potential (CMVP-MSP) concept to a case study PM brushless DC motor with skewed permanent magnet mounts is reviewed and summarized. This large-scale simulation of such a motor drive system is shown to be successfully implementable using workstation type computer environments.

By combining field orientation control (FOC) strategy with fuzzy-PID hybrid control, a brushless DC motor hybrid control system based on FOC is designed in this paper. The implementation method is put forward, and system simulation model is established. The simulation results show the control performance of brushless DC motor control system based on fuzzy-PID hybrid control is better than the system based on traditional PID control, response being faster, torque ripple being smaller. STM32F103B is used as the control core to design the brushless DC motor hybrid control system based on FOC. A brushless DC motor PC (personal computer) monitoring system is designed by VB (Visual Basic). The measured current curve of system is consistent with theory, the measured result show the value of phase difference between two phase currents is 120 degrees, and current waveform is approximate sine wave. The speed curve from monitoring system shows good performance of designed system, response is fast, speed ripple is small, and operation is stable.

The permanent magnet (PM) brushless DC motor (BDCM) has been widely used in industrial applications because of its low inertia, fast response, high power density, high reliability and no maintenance requirements. It exhibits the operating characteristics of a conventional commutated permanent magnet DC motor but eliminates the mechanical commutators and brushes. Consequently, many problems associated with brushes and commutators are eliminated. A steady state reference current (SSRC) determination technique based on a neural network is proposed for the PM BDCM drive system. A conventional controller combined with this technique can improve system response speed, and reduce overshoot and oscillation. The design of the conventional controller is introduced. The SSRC determination technique is described in detail. Hardware implementation and experimental results are proposed. The drive system is tested under PI and fuzzy control.

This paper deals with a new terminal voltage-based rotor position sensorless algorithm of permanent magnet brushless DC (PMBLDC) motor with adaptive phase angle compensation along with regenerative braking technique for light electric vehicle (LEV) application. Removal of Hall-Effect sensors from PMBLDC motor reduces the circuit complexity and makes the motor drive system robust and compact. Back EMF based position estimation of PMBLDC motor suffers poor accuracy at low speed. In this paper, position sensorless operation is achieved at very low speed below 100rpm. Position estimation of PMBLDC motor suffers with commutation error due to several factors like non-ideal back EMF, lowpass filter used, unbalanced DC bus voltage etc. An adaptive phase angle compensation strategy is developed to mitigate this issue, considering a generalized nonideal commutation case. This method is suitable for compensation of commutation error during variable speeds over a wide speed range, which is required for EV application. Moreover, the compensation method works with motor parameters variation as well. The proposed drive topology extends the vehicle's driving range with solar PV integration and energy regeneration algorithm. The system is simulated and experimentally validated in real case scenarios.

Field-Oriented Control (FOC) of the Brushless DC (BLDC) motor is the main focus, with the goal of achieving accurate speed control and energy economy. The grass cutter is made more sustainable by the addition of a solar power source, which is in line with the growing need for environmentally friendly agricultural solutions. The first section of the study outlines the theoretical underpinnings of FOC and how it is used in motor control. The authors then go into detail on the BLDC motor control system's design and implementation, highlighting its use of solar energy. Experiments are conducted to assess the effectiveness of the suggested system and show that it can maintain the ideal speed even in the face of changing grass cutting conditions. The findings show that FOC plays a major role in improving speed control accuracy and stability, which in turn ensures the grass cutter's performance in various conditions. By providing a greener substitute for traditional grass-cutting techniques, this research has potential applications in agriculture. Combining FOC with solar power is a practical way to meet modern sustainability objectives and shows how technology innovation can be used to solve problems in the agriculture industry.

This paper presents a Finite Element Method (FEM) based design and analysis of radial flux Permanent Magnet Brushless DC (PMBLDC) motor. The objective of this paper is to develop high power density and high efficiency PMBLDC motor for electric scooter application. The motor considered for FEM design is a 3-phase, 8 pole rectangular wave, which replaces the conventional Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs). The distinct features of this motor design are: (1) The magnetic yoke reduction, which will decrease the weight and size, (2) Coil span equal to one slot pitch which will result in saving of copper and (3) elimination of cogging torque because of fractional number of slots per pole. The outer rotor configuration of PMBLDC motor has been considered in this design. The spokes of the wheel is directly fitted into the outer rotor of the motor. The simulation has been carried out by Pre-flux software. The electromagnetic field analysis is used for the design and optimization of the motor which is based on FEM.

The leakage flux at the magnetic bridge is great in the interior permanent magnet brushless DC (IPMBLDC) motor, a method punching ventage in the stator laminations is presented to obstruct flux at the magnetic bridge. The electromagnetic field results under different ventage diameter and different airgap length are investigated. Particular attention is paid to average magnetic density of airgap and magnetic bridge, leakage flux coefficient. Experimental and simulation results of the motor model are presented. They all prove the validity of punching ventage.

This paper presents an analytical model for determining air-gap radial and tangential magnetic field in permanent magnet brushless dc (PMBLDC) motor. The solution is based on two-dimensional analysis in polar coordinates for radially magnetized magnet. Effects caused due to non-linear behavior of the stator ferromagnetic yoke are mainly considered. Radial and tangential magnetic field, back emf and cogging torque are calculated and are validated with finite element results. The finite element analysis demonstrates the accuracy of the developed analytical model of PMBLDC motor for no load magnetic field calculation.