Stage-specific gut microbial restructuring drives estrous transition in rabbits.

Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) holds significant promise for patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Prior work has demonstrated that plasma metabolite profiles of children with ASD become more similar to those of their typically developing (TD) peers following this treatment. This work measures the concentration of 669 biochemical compounds in feces of a cohort of 18 ASD and 20 TD children using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy. Subsequent measurements were taken from the ASD cohort over the course of 10-week Microbiota Transfer Therapy (MTT) and 8 weeks after completion of this treatment. Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis techniques were used to characterize differences in metabolites before, during, and after treatment. Using Fisher Discriminant Analysis (FDA), it was possible to attain multivariate metabolite models capable of achieving a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 95% after cross-validation. Observations made following MTT indicate that the fecal metabolite profiles become more like those of the TD cohort. There was an 82–88% decrease in the median difference of the ASD and TD group for the panel metabolites, and among the top fifty most discriminating individual metabolites, 96% report more comparable values following treatment. Thus, these findings are similar, although less pronounced, as those determined using plasma metabolites.

BackgroundDysbiosis of the microbiome is strongly associated with weight rebound after dieting. However, the interactions between the host and microbiome and their relevance to the pathogenesis of post-diet weight rebound remain unclear.PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on post-diet weight regain and to investigate the underlying mechanisms by which FMT inhibits weight regain.MethodsFMT was administered once daily to mice for 5 weeks. Gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was employed to analyze short-chain fatty acid levels in serum, ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was utilized for analyzing hepatic lipid metabolites, and shotgun metagenomic sequencing was applied to examine the intestinal microbiome.ResultsFMT reduced weight regain and prevented lipid accumulation in both liver and adipose tissue while also improving glucose intolerance in mice. Furthermore, FMT increased the abundance of Enterorhabdus caecimuris and decreased the abundances of Burkholderiales, Sutterellaceae, Turicimonas muris, Bacteroides stercorirosoris, and Acetivibrio ethanolgignens within the gut microbiota. Additionally, elevated propionic acid levels and significant alterations in hepatic lipid metabolites were observed following FMT administration.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that FMT effectively mitigates post-diet weight regain and associated complications. These effects are mediated through interactions between the gut microbiota and the liver via the gut-propionic acid-liver axis.Clinical trial numberNot applicable.

Choline chloride based natural deep eutectic solvents coupling with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy for effective extraction and rapid detection of adenosine and cordycepin in Cordyceps millitaris

Multi-class determination of around 50 pharmaceuticals, including 26 antibiotics, in environmental and wastewater samples by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Lignin is a polymer found in the cell wall of plants and is one of the main obstacles to the implementation of second-generation ethanol production because it confers the recalcitrance of the lignocellulosic material. The recalcitrance of biomass is affected by the amount of lignin, by its monomer composition, and the way the monomers are arranged in the plant cell wall. Analysis of lignin structure demands mass spectrometry analysis, and identification of oligomers is usually based on libraries produced by laborious protocols. A robust method to build a do-it-yourself lignin oligomer library was tested. This library can be built using commercially available enzymes, standards, and reagents and is relatively easy to accomplish. An ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the separation and characterization of monomers and oligomers was developed and was equally applicable to the synthetic lignin and to soluble lignin extracted from a sample of sugar cane.

Correlation between ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography hydrophobicity data for evaluation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors absorption

Quantification of a novel natural antioxidant (UP302) in rat plasma using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

An automatic versatile system integrating solid-phase extraction with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry using a dual-dilution strategy for direct analysis of auxins in plant extracts

ABSTRACTIsomaltooligosaccharides are widely used in food with health benefits. A sensitive and selective method for the determination of three isomaltooligosaccharides is reported using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The method was validated by characterization of the linearity, accuracy, precision, and the limits of detection and quantification. Under the optimized conditions, the calibration relationships were linear for the analytes with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.998. The recoveries were from 91.5% to 107.6% with coefficients of variation below 9.0%. The limits of detection and quantification were 1.20 µg mL−1 and 3.60 µg mL−1 for isomaltose, 0.15 µg mL−1 and 0.50 µg mL−1 for panose, and 0.55 µg mL−1 and 1.80 µg mL−1 for isomaltotriose. The validated method was employed for the determination of isomaltooligosaccharides in milk powder.

Determination of commonly used azole antifungals in various waters and sewage sludge using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Ingenol is a chemically and biologically important plant-derived diterpenoid compound, first isolated in 1968 from the seed oil of a leafy shrub Croton tiglium belonging to the Euphorbiaceae plant family. Ingenol is the key precursor for the synthesis of ingenol mebutate (angelate), used to treat actinic keratosis. Although, its total synthesis was published lately, isolation from natural raw material is still used for its industrial scale production. Therefore, a rich source of ingenol seems to be of great economic importance. We have developed an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for screening of ingenol in 38 species of the Euphorbia genus. The highest ingenol concentration (547 mg.kg-1 of dry weight) was found in the lower leafless stems of E. myrsinites. Moreover, three ingenol conjugates (two known: 3-O-deca(2'Z,4'E)-dienoyl ingenol, 20-O-acetyl-3-O-deca(2'Z, 4'E)-dienoyl ingenol and one new: 3-O-octa (2'Z,4'E)-dienoyl ingenol) were successfully identified in E. myrsinites by means of accurate mass determination.

BackgroundDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains one of the leading causes of end-stage renal failure. The currently available diagnostic and classification markers, such as the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and estimated glomerular filtration rate, demonstrate inadequate precision in forecasting the onset and progression of DKD. This study aims to investigate the serum metabolic profile of patients with DKD, with the objective of identifying reliable biomarkers that can enhance the prediction of the transition from diabetes mellitus (DM) to DKD and distinguishing DKD from nondiabetic kidney disease (NDKD).MethodsUntargeted metabolomic analysis was performed on serum samples obtained from 53 DKD patients, 54 NDKD patients, 59 individuals diagnosed with simple diabetes mellitus (SDM), and 56 healthy controls utilizing ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Differential metabolites among the groups were identified, metabolic pathways were investigated, and the diagnostic efficacy of selected metabolites was evaluated.ResultsThe metabolic enrichment pathways shared between DKD and NDKD encompassed glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism. In contrast, pyrimidine metabolism and arginine biosynthesis were uniquely enriched in DKD. Compared to the NDKD group, significantly elevated levels of phosphatidylglycerol (PG, 14:0) and D-Maltose were observed in DKD patients. Additionally, in comparison to the SDM group, the DKD group exhibited significant increases in lysophosphatidic acid (LPA, 16:3), LPA (18:5), LPA (22:5), phosphatidic acid (PA, 18:3), PG (26:4), L-Glutamine, Uridine, Cytidine, Formyl-N-acetyl-5-methoxykynurenamine, 2-Oxoadipate, Thymidine, L-Citrulline, and 5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan, while PG (28:4) levels were markedly reduced. Among these, Uridine, Cytidine, Thymidine, and L-Citrulline were associated with pyrimidine metabolism, whereas L-Glutamine and L-Citrulline participated in the arginine biosynthesis pathway. Furthermore, the differential metabolites exhibited varying degrees of correlation with renal function indicators in DKD patients.ConclusionsPG (14:0) and D-Maltose may help distinguish DKD from NDKD, while L-Glutamine, Uridine, Cytidine, Thymidine, and L-Citrulline are linked to the progression from DM to DKD. Larger studies are needed to validate these findings and assess their diagnostic and causal significance.

Quantitation of Canadian organic ultraviolet filters using polarity switching and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Winterberry holly (Ilex verticillata) is an ornamental plant popularly used in landscape design and sold as cut branches for fall and winter seasonal decoration. Latent fruit rot of winterberry is an emerging disease caused by the fungus Diaporthe ilicicola, which can result in up to 100% crop loss. Diaporthe ilicicola infects open flowers in spring, but symptom onset does not occur until the end of the growing season when the fruit is fully mature. This study was conducted to identify compounds displaying significant variation in abundance during fruit maturation and that may be putatively associated with natural disease resistance observed when the fruit is immature. Winterberry 'Sparkleberry' fruits collected at four timepoints during the 2018 and 2019 seasons were extracted in methanol and analyzed using high resolution ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The results showed a distinct separation of metabolic profiles based on fruit phenological stage. The top 100 features that were differentially expressed between immature and mature fruit were selected from both electrospray ionization (ESI) (-) and ESI (+) datasets for annotation. Eleven compounds shown to decrease throughout the season included cinnamic acids, a triterpenoid, terpene lactones, stilbene glycosides, a cyanidin glycoside, and a furopyran. Nine compounds shown to accumulate throughout the season included chlorogenic acid derivatives, hydrolysable tannins, flavonoid glycosides, and a triterpene saponin. Future research will further confirm the exact identity of the compounds of interest and determine whether they are biologically active toward D. ilicicola or I. verticillata. The results could inform breeding programs, chemical management programs, and novel antifungal compound development pipelines.

Determination of valnemulin in swine and bovine tissues by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.