Stress among students — a descriptive study

Background: Stress is very common in students life, especially among students of the Faculty of Medicine. Aims: To describe the stress level of Airlangga University Medical Students Class of 2020. Methods: This study was a quantitative descriptive study with a cross sectional design and consecutive sampling. This study was conducted on 74 medical students of Airlangga University Class of 2020 using online questionnaire containing DASS-21. Results: Majority of students were 20 years old (51,4%) and female (71,6%). The majority of students had stress in normal level with 40 people (54,1%), followed by severe level namely 11 people (14.9%), then a mild level namely 10 people (13.5%), moderate level with 9 people (12.2%), and last, very severe level, namely 4 people (4%). Conclusions: The most stress level in medical students of Airlangga University is at normal level.

Differences in stress levels between junior high school students and college students during online learning

This study aims to investigate the relationship between students' sleep patterns, nap policies, and stress levels, as well as their impact on academic achievement. The research employs a quantitative method with an observational design, involving 500 students and 50 teachers from five elementary schools in Guangdong Province. The research instrument consists of a validated questionnaire assessed using a Likert scale. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive techniques, linear regression, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS version 25. The findings indicate that students' sleep patterns (SSP) have a positive and significant relationship with academic achievement, with a regression coefficient of 0.42 (SE = 0.08, t = 5.25, p < 0.001). The nap policy (NP) also shows a positive and significant correlation with student achievement, with a regression coefficient of 0.62 (t = 12.45, p < 0.001). Conversely, students' stress levels (SSL) exhibit a negative and significant relationship with academic achievement, with a regression coefficient of -0.35 (t = -8.25, p < 0.001). Collectively, these three variables have a significant impact on student achievement, with regression coefficients of 0.35 for sleep patterns, 0.52 for nap policies, and -0.25 for stress levels (p < 0.001). This study has limitations, including a sample restricted to a single province and an observational approach that does not fully capture causality. The study's implications for elementary education policy highlight the importance of adjusting school schedules to support healthy sleep patterns and implementing structured nap policies to optimize student achievement. Additionally, interventions to reduce academic stress should be considered to foster a more conducive learning environment.

Background: Academic stress is a common psychological problem among students, especially final year students who face the burden of assignments, the demands of completing a thesis, and high pressure of academic achievement. Unmanaged stress conditions can reduce concentration, disrupt mental health, and have an impact on declining learning performance. On the other hand, academic motivation plays an important role in maintaining students' perseverance, focus, and ability to face various academic demands. Objective: To determine the relationship between academic motivation and stress levels in final year students at ITSK RS dr. Soepraoen Malang. Method: This study utilized a quantitative design through correlative and cross-sectional analytical approaches. The population was 160 final year students with a sample of 114 students obtained through proportionate stratified random sampling techniques. The research instruments included the Academic Motivation Scale (AMS-28) questionnaire to measure academic motivation and the DASS-42 stress subscale to measure academic stress levels. Spearman correlation testing with a significance level of α < 0.05 was used in the data analysis. Results: The analysis shows that there is a significant negative relationship between academic motivation and stress levels in students (r = -0.584; p-value = 0.000). Conclusion: Student motivation at the final year level really needs to be improved, because it can prevent students from psychological stress so that academic achievement is better maintained.

Stress has adverse impacts on mental and physical health and quality of life, especially in older adults. Stress can impair cognitive function including short and long-term memory, and this functional declines can further be associated with decreased neuromuscular performance (Mehta & Parasuraman, 2014) and increased fatigability (Keller-Ross et al., 2014). Since older adults are more susceptible to the effect of stress because their limited mobility caused by aging can worsen under stress (Noven at al., 2014), it is important to examine the effect of acute stress on neuromuscular function in older adults. In the present study, we tested the effect of social stress on neuromuscular function of both upper and lower extremity in older adults before and after a short bout of social stress. Thirty participants (15 males, 15 females, mean age: 73.3 (5.6) yrs) performed ten trials of submaximal voluntary contraction at 30% of their maximum voluntary contraction force level before and after the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) session. Handgrip and knee extension motor performance was measured on separate days. TSST consisted of five minutes speech and five minutes serial arithmetic subtraction tasks. We measured force steadiness and electromyography (EMG) of working muscles to evaluate motor function. Additionally, electrocardiogram (ECG), the Visual Analogue Scale of Stress (VAS), and salivary cortisol were collected to evaluate the effect of the TSST. Neural activation pattern changes of prefrontal and sensorimotor area during exercise and TSST sessions was recorded using functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS). To confirm whether the TSST session increased stress level in our participants, we first analysed the stress metrics. Heart rate increased during the TSST and returned to prestress level instantly after the TSST session. Perceived stress level using the VAS increased after TSST. While not significant, salivary cortisol level increased after the TSST session. Findings indicate that handgrip force steadiness improved after the TSST session, whereas knee extension force steadiness remained unchanged. On the other hand, handgrip EMG root mean square (RMS) did not change after stress while knee extension EMG RMS was found to increase. Neural activation during handgrip exercise increased at the left motor area, and neural activation during knee extension increased at the left sensory area after the TSST session. Change of heart rate and VAS indicates that participants’ stress level was increased after stress and the improved motor performance during handgrip exercise after the stress is consistent with a previous study that reported increased memory function after stress in older adults (Pulopulos et al., 2015). However, the differential effects of stress based on upper or lower extremity indicates increased sensitivity of certain motor tasks to social stress than other. While social stress is known to affect response time but not memory function (Guez et al., 2016), different spatial activation pattern between handgrip and knee extension exercises observed in the present study suggest that different neural strategies were adapted to compensate for the effects of acute social stress to maintain motor performance.

Stress and Quality of Life Among University Students: A Systematic Literature Review

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the prevention measures applied by dentistry students in clinical conditions according to various variables and their perceived stress levels during the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods: The study was performed on 4th and 5th -grade students studying at RTEU Faculty of Dentistry. In the research, the whole count method was used, and data were collected from 168 students through an online questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of demographic information, questions about prevention measures taken in clinical practice, and perceived stress scale questions. Normality test (Shapiro-Wilk) was applied to the data and T-Test and Chi-Square Analysis were used for statistical analysis. Significance was determined as p≤0.05. Results: The perceived stress levels of female students were found to be significantly higher than that of male students, and the perceived stress levels of 5th-grade students were significantly higher than that of 4th-grade students. The perceived stress levels of the students who used rubber dams were found to be significantly lower than the students who did not use rubber dams and the students who paid attention to social distance in the clinic compared to those who did not pay attention to social distance. Moreover, the perceived stress levels of students who knew which institution to contact with a suspected COVID-19 patient were found to be significantly lower than those who did not know (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was determined that taking preventive measures in clinical practices was effective on students' perceived stress levels. Besides, it was observed that the perceived stress level of the students differed according to gender and grade level.

The general objective of this study was to compare the symptom levels of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress in university students who have and have not suffered sexual violence. Additionally, the study aimed to examine predictors of anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms among university students, including age, sex assigned at birth, socioeconomic status, skin color, different forms of experienced violence, practice of physical exercises, pharmacotherapy, and psychotherapy. The research was carried out with 1,055 university students, using online questionnaires. The instruments used were the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventories, the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist – Civilian Version (PCL-C), and a sociodemographic questionnaire with questions related to mental health and history of violence suffered. Higher levels of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress were reported in university students with a history of sexual violence. Being younger, female biological sex, having suffered physical and psychological violence, and not practicing physical exercise are predictors for levels of anxiety, depression, and PTSD. Not undergoing psychotherapy has also been shown to be a predictor of anxiety. The study highlights the importance of specialized psychotherapeutic support for SV victims and the creation of public policies to combat this crime.

This study aimed to analyze the stress levels of nurses working in different sectors of the morning, afternoon and night; characterize the stressors of different sectors and compare the level of stress variables. This study was quantitative, descriptive, transversal and comparative study conducted in a hospital in the city of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. We used to collect data an identification form and scale of stress modified Bianchi (EBEM). The study population consisted of 203 subjects of the various shifts, and 59.6% of the day, 65% open areas, 88.2% female, mean age of 39.6 years. The stress score was 2.60 (average level of stress). Among the nurses were supervisors incidence of 79% with medium level of stress and 10.5% with early and high level of stress. Among the nurses, 48.3% had medium level of stress and 40.0% with early and high level of stress. We concluded that stress was present, regardless of sector of work, but the lack of human resources to cover the shift, the lack of material and / or equipment to assist and work with technically disqualified were the stressors with higher scores of stress.

Thesis preparation is one of the things that has the potential to cause stress for final year students. The stress of thesis preparation is influenced by the ability of students to control their emotions when facing obstacles in the preparation of the thesis so that individuals can think clearly in looking at problems. Stress is also influenced by the way individuals perceive problems and plan problem-solving strategies in the thesis preparation process. This study aims to find out the role of emotional intelligence and problem focus coping on the stress level of students when writing a thesis. Data was collected from 129 students in Bali who were writing their thesis. The stress level scale, emotional intelligence scale, and problem focus coping scale were used to measure these variables. The results of multiple regression showed that emotional intelligence and problem focus coping could explain 47.2% of the stress variant of students who were working on their thesis. This research can provide information so that students can improve and maintain emotional intelligence and problem-focused coping to reduce stress levels in students who are preparing their thesis.Penyusunan skripsi merupakan salah satu hal yang berpotensi menimbulkan stres pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir. Stres penyusunan skripsi dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan mahasiswa untuk mengendalikan emosi pada saat menghadapi hambatan dalam penyusunan skripsi sehingga individu mampu untuk berpikir jernih dalam memandang permasalahan. Stres juga dipengaruhi oleh cara individu memandang permasalahan dan merancanakan strategi pemecahan masalah dalam proses penyusunan skripsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran kecerdasan emosional dan problem focus coping terhadap tingkat stres mahasiswa pada saat menulis skripsi. Data dikumpulkan dari 129 mahasiswa di Bali yang sedang menulis skripsi. Skala tingkat stres, skala kecerdasan emosional, dan skala problem focus coping digunakan untuk mengukur variabel-variabel tersebut. Hasil regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa kecerdasan emosional dan problem focus coping dapat menjelaskan 47,2% varian tingkat stres mahasiswa yang sedang mengerjakan skripsi. Penelitian ini dapat memberikan informasi agar mahasiswa dapat meningkatkan dan mempertahan kecerdasan emosional serta problem focused coping untuk mengurangi tingkat stres pada mahasiswa yang sedang menyusun skripsi.

Purpose: to determine the comparative analysis of disorders of the musculoskeletal system and the level of stress of students of sports faculties in Indonesia and Malaysia. Material and methods. 316 students of the Faculty of Sports Science of Indonesia and Malaysia were sampled from this study: 159 students of the Faculty of Sports Science of Indonesia, and 157 students of Sports Science of Malaysia. This research is a comparative analytical observational descriptive study conducted with a cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted in several universities both in Indonesia and Malaysia. The subjects of this study were students from Indonesia and Malaysia who took part in online learning by the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire for musculoskeletal disorders using a Nordic Body Map while a stress level questionnaire used an MSSQ (Medical Student Stressor Questionnaire). Data analysis techniques use descriptive tests through percentage distribution and comparison tests. The results. Based on the results of the Independent Sample t-test, a calculated t-value of 4.076 with a significance value of 0.000 was obtained. Because the significance value of 0.000 is smaller than 0.05 (p<0.05), it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in musculoskeletal disorders between Indonesian and Malaysian students. The most common musculoskeletal disorder experienced by Malaysian students is a disorder of the lower back with an average of 3.15. Based on the results of the Independent Sample t-test analysis, a calculated t-value of 3.624 with a significance value of 0.000 was obtained. Because the significance value of 0.000 is less than 0.05 (p<0.05), it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in stress levels between Indonesian and Malaysian students. Based on the results of the analysis, the average value of stress levels in Indonesian students was 15.66 while the average value of stress levels in Malaysian students was 17.77. It can be interpreted that students from Malaysia have a higher level of stress compared to Indonesian students. Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that: Malaysian students experience higher musculoskeletal disorders in the lower back and high-stress levels due to online learning compared to Indonesian students.

P-1385 - Evaluation of stress in students under the university entrance

Online learning is a learning method that is carried out to students through communication that is carried out without face to face or online. Online learning is one of the alternatives carried out by teachers so that they can continue to carry out online learning activities for students which are carried out as a result of the corona outbreak that occurred in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between online learning and student stress levels during the Covid-19 pandemic at Klakah Senior High School. This type of research is a quantitative type with a cross sectional study approach. Data was taken by giving questionnaires and observing on July 2021 with a sample of 217 respondents using the Simple Random Sampling technique. By analysis using Spearman Rank. From the results of the identification of variables, it was found that most of the respondents had good online learning categories as many as 152 respondents (70%) and most of the respondents had stress levels in the non-stress or normal category as many as 150 respondents (69.1%). From the test results using the Spearman's rho test, it was found that the value of p < 0.05, namely p = 0.000, which means that there is an analysis of the relationship between online learning and the stress level of students during the Covid-19 pandemic at Klakah Senior High School. The results of the research are expected to be input for the school to create programs or forums for students to assist students in conveying the difficulties experienced during online learning.

Introduction With an emphasis on good grades and a high level of performance, studying dentistry can be stressful and may attract a greater number of students with perfectionist strivings. Prolonged stress can lead to mental ill-health, including a risk of burnout and psychological distress.Aims To examine the level and sources of stress, psychological distress and burnout in UK dental students. Perfectionism was also measured to see if dental students showed high levels of perfectionism and how this may relate to psychological outcomes. Finally, coping strategies were assessed.Materials and methods BDA student members were invited to take part in an online survey using validated measures examining stress (DES, PSS), burnout (OLBI-S), perfectionism (short APS) and coping (brief COPE) in UK dental students.Results Four hundred and twelve students from all UK dental schools completed the survey. High levels of stress, burnout and psychological distress were found, which generally increased as the course went on. Thirty-five percent of students were identified as maladaptive perfectionists and were shown to exhibit increased levels of stress, burnout and psychological distress, and a greater use of ineffective coping strategies.Conclusions Stress management needs to be taught as part of the dental education curriculum and should include information about coping strategies, as well as maladaptive perfectionism and how to address this.

The density of academic schedules, academic tasks, lifestyle changes, and social pressures often color students' experiences, which can make them vulnerable to various health problems. One of the main issues faced by students is unhealthy changes in body composition, high stress levels, and the risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of physical exercise on body composition, stress levels, and cardiovascular health in students. This research method employs an experimental approach with a pretest-posttest without control group design. The total subjects in this study were 600 students (300 males and 300 females), with an average age of 18.92 ± 4.79 years, weight of 56.05 ± 12.08 kg, and height of 163.91 ± 8.24 cm. The results of this study provide evidence that physical exercise performed for 16 weeks can help improve fitness status, maintain ideal body composition, and have an impact on reducing stress levels in students. Thus, this physical exercise program can be recommended for all students and educators, especially in the field of sports, to maintain students' fitness and mental health in the college environment.Padatnya jadwal perkuliahan, tugas akademik, perubahan gaya hidup, dan tekanan sosial seringkali mewarnai pengalaman mahasiswa, hal ini dapat menyebabkan mereka rentan terhadap berbagai masalah kesehatan. Salah satu masalah utama yang dihadapi oleh mahasiswa adalah perubahan komposisi tubuh yang tidak sehat, tingkat stres yang tinggi, dan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi efektivitas latihan fisik terhadap komposisi tubuh, tingkat stres, dan kardiovaskular pada mahasiswa. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan pendekatan pretest-posttest without control group design. Total subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 600 mahasiswa (300 laki-laki dan 300 perempuan). rata-rata usia 18.92 ± 4.79 tahun, berat badan 56.05 ± 12.08 kg, dan tinggi badan 163.91 ± 8.24 cm. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan bukti bahwa latihan fisik yang dilakukan selama 16 minggu dapat membantu meningkatkan status kebugaran (VO2Max, p=0.001), menjaga komposisi tubuh agar tetap ideal (berat badan, p=0.512) serta berpengaruh terhadap penurunan tingkat stress pada mahasiswa (PSS, p=0.001). Dengan demikian program latihan fisik ini dapat dijadikan sebagai rekomendasi bagi semua mahasiswa maupun tenaga pengajar khususnya di bidang olahraga dalam menjaga kebugaran dan kesehatan mental mahasiswa dilingkungan perguruan tinggi