STUDY OF CDA DURING SELENA GOMEZ'S DISCOURSE ON YOUTUBE

This research focuses on the critical discourse analysis of Teun A. van Dijk's paradigm as applied to the news article published on Detik.com titled "Viral! Husband in East Jakarta Was Assaulted and Dragged by a Car When He Caught His Wife Cheating." The study employs a qualitative descriptive method with techniques including observation and reading, data classification, analysis, presentation, and conclusion. The findings indicate that the news article aligns with the critical discourse analysis model, encompassing text structure (macrostructure, superstructure, microstructure), social cognition, and social context as outlined in Teun A. van Dijk's theory. This research contributes to discourse analysis scholarship by illustrating how van Dijk's theoretical framework can reveal the underlying structural and social dimensions of contemporary digital news media.

This study aims to describe how the media represents the social conditions of the Bugis-Makassar ethnic community in South Sulawesi in the film Uang Panaik. This research uses a qualitative method with Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), employing the Social Cognitive Approach by Teun A. Van Dijk. Teun A. Van Dijk's discourse theory consists of three categories: text, social cognition, and social context. The content of the text focuses on the screenplay of the film. Social cognition discusses the outcomes of the events depicted in the film. Afterward, it refers to the social context by illustrating the values of the society. The results of the study show that the critical discourse analysis of the film Uang Panaik Maha(R)L in terms of the text category includes macrostructure, superstructure, and microstructure. The social cognition category includes the creation of characters, language, and story conflicts. The social context category includes the representation of social phenomena, moral messages, and religious messages in the film Uang Panaik Maha(R)L.

The media, especially movies, play a significant role in disseminating information and shaping real-life images using language as a powerful social tool. Critical analysis of movie discourse has become a popular trend among discourse analysts, yet there is limited research on films related to the massacre of Hindu Pandits. In recent years, there has been an increase in anti-Pakistani/Muslim movies produced in Bollywood, coupled with a growing interest among students from the sub-continent in these films. This trend underscores the need for research into the portrayal of Pakistani Muslims in Bollywood movies. This article critically analyzes “The Kashmir Files,” a movie accused of being propagandistic, using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) with Van Dijk’s framework. The analysis aims to reveal any ideological manipulations and misrepresentations in the movie. It was found that the film employs a discursive strategy of in-group favoritism versus out-group derogation. The filmmakers use language as a tool to portray Muslims negatively, presenting a distorted and unrealistic image of Pakistani/Muslim history, culture, and ideologies. This approach indicates the film’s underlying ideological biases and potential impact on viewers’ perceptions.Keywords: Van Dijk’s Framework, Critical Discourse Analysis, Ideological Biases, Muslim Portrayal, Propaganda

This study aims to outline a critical discourse analysis of ten TikTok contents from @gerindra related to Prabowo Subianto in their efforts to capture Gen Z votes. The high usage of TikTok among Gen Z and its significant role in the 2024 elections, with voting proportions reaching 23%, has substantial implications. This research analyzes the interconnection of discourse and the role of TikTok in the effort to attract Gen Z votes. The study employs Teun A. Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis model, which includes text structure, social cognition, and social context. Data is collected through interviews and categorized based on the research subjects' statements. The subjects reported that in the 2024 elections, Gerindra must adapt to social media trends, particularly TikTok, in order to gain Gen Z support for Prabowo Subianto. This adaptation involves using a "serious yet relaxed" political communication style in their brief, light, and straightforward content. The study finds that Gerindra creates such content to present Prabowo as more humanistic, contrasting with his previously known strict and rigid image.

Criticism can sometimes be a very important need in life to express yourself or what is in your heart. In reality, human consciousness can make two decisions, namely ignoring or accepting the situation. To reject and condemn it is to worry about it. Examples include musicians through their music, poets through their poetry, and so on. Such criticism can help clean up the wrong governance order. The aim of the research is to find out what songs are on the album Abdi Lara Insani: Edisi Lengkap by Feast. and to find out the analysis of social criticism discourse in the song "Song of Criticism Again" by Feast. Using a qualitative approach with a descriptive method which aims to explain contemporary issues using information presented in the form of words or images. With data collection techniques through observation, documentation and literature study. As well as using the Miles and Huberman model data analysis techniques which include data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions/verification. The researcher uses Teun A. Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis model, because based on discourse analysis, Dijk does not only rely on textual analysis, because texts are only the result of production practices which must also be scrutinized. but also in analyzing how the text was created, in order to gain knowledge of why the text came to be. There are dimensions of text structure, social cognition and social context which are an integral part of Van Dijk's framework. Based on the presentation of data and critical discourse analysis modeled by Teun A. Van Dijk by discussing the overall meaning of the song on the album "Abdi Lara Insani: Edisi Legkap" and the construction of the meaning of social criticism from the lyrics of the song "Song of Criticism Again" by .Feast. It can be concluded that the album Abdi Lara Insani: Edisi Lengkap tells the story of a fictional character named Ali A(bdi) L(ara) I(nsani), a public official who was originally an idealistic young man who was very critical of the leaders in his country in fight for certain ideas but change when faced with wealth and power. Ali, who was arbitrary with his power, like the previous rulers, whom he had previously criticized heavily, was finally sued by the people of the world. Then the results of the research show that the discourse of social criticism in the song "Song of Criticism again" by .Feast is manifested in three dimensions of text structure, social cognition and social context. So "Song of Criticism Again" by .Feast is an effective means of social criticism. This song can provide awareness to the public about the importance of social criticism of the government.

This research formulates a new construction of symbolic violence analysis in educational textbooks. Analysis of symbolic violence through critical sociological theory is still limited to generalizing linguistic evidence. The integration of two important theories, cultural reproduction through symbolic violence by Pierre Bourideu and Critical Discourse Analysis by Teun A van Dijk, became the main study formulated. The study focused on reconstructing the concept of CDA for Symbolic Violence Analysis as a combination of these two theories in the study of educational textbooks. A qualitative approach with a library research as the research method was carried out. The reconceptualization of these two theories is able to present an analytical model to dismantle the ideological structures hiding behind educational texts. Symbolic violence that occurs through the process of cultural reproduction and gives rise to forced doxa can be dismantled through analysis of habitus, capital and arena which is enhanced by textual analysis, social cognition and social context.

This paper provides an in-depth Critical Discourse Analysis of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s inaugural speech delivered on May 29, 2023, upon assuming office as the President of Nigeria through a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) framework. The aims of this study is to conduct critical discourse analysis of Tinubu’s inaugural speech, focusing on his use of language to construct political identity, frame national issues, and appeal to public sentiment. The speech selected for analysis is President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s inaugural address delivered on May 29, 2023. This speech, available in both audio and text format, is analyses using a qualitative, text-based approach Relaying on the qualitative methodology, the paper unpacks the linguistic choices, rhetorical strategies, and ideological underpinnings of the speech, examining how it constructs political authority, frames national issues, and engages with the Nigerian populace. Van Dijk (2003) Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) theoretical framework is used for the analysis of speeches obtained from research data. The analysis demonstrates how Tinubu uses inclusive language, strategic framing, and ideological positioning in his leadership and mobilizes support for his administration. One of the findings is that strong modality not only emphasizes the president’s determination but also serves to rally the public around his agenda, implying that the future is within their control if they act together under his leadership.

While existing literature highlights the affective and technical affordances of chatbots, limited attention has been given to their discursive and structural impact on classroom power relations and learner identity. To address this gap, this qualitative study draws upon four theoretical frameworks: Digital Empowerment (Passey, 2014), Communicative Competence (Hymes, 1972), Social Constructivism (Vygotsky, 1978), and Critical Discourse Analysis (van Dijk, 1998). Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with twelve EFL students who regularly engaged with AI chatbots as interactive speaking partners. Employing thematic and discourse analysis, the study identifies three significant findings. 1) Chatbots foster digital autonomy and enhance learner confidence by providing emotional safety, immediate feedback, and opportunities for self-regulated learning; 2) Students acknowledge that chatbot interactions often lack adequate sociolinguistic nuance and contextual sensitivity, limiting their effectiveness in fully authentic communication scenarios; and 3) The integration of chatbots into language practice represents a pedagogical shift that encourages active learner engagement and disrupts traditional teacher-centered classroom authority. Collectively, these findings indicate that chatbots transcend their roles as mere technological tools, actively influencing learners' sociocognitive experiences and identities. This research contributes theoretically by applying Critical Discourse Analysis to AI-mediated learning contexts and practically by guiding educators and chatbot developers toward creating inclusive, empowering, and learner-centered digital tools.

Discourse is a representation of the world. Through song lyrics, musicians can convey various forms of opinions, views, or criticisms about the realities of life. This is also the case with Daru Jaya Ndarboy Genk, whose song titled 'Indonesia Bakoh' is the subject of this research. The lyrics of this song contain criticism and social realities regarding the grievances of Indonesian society concerning employment issues. The aim of this study is to investigate the discourse in the lyrics of the song 'Indonesia Bakoh,' which features criticism and social reality. This research employs a discourse study method with a qualitative descriptive approach and a critical paradigm. The critical discourse analysis is conducted using Van Dijk's model. Data collection is performed using note-taking techniques. The data analysis technique in this study uses Van Dijk's discourse analysis model, which includes three main dimensions: text, social cognition, and context. The results indicate that, from the text dimension, including macro structure, superstructure, and micro structure, the social reality portrayed in 'Indonesia Bakoh' relates to social inequality. In the social cognition dimension, the song reveals social realities related to how one obtains employment. In the social context element, the musician's social critique addresses the reality that in Indonesia, there are practices of power within the government system that disadvantage the people.

The object of the study is the work of the co-founder of the Pink Floyd group, English musician Roger Waters. The subject of the study is the use of critical discourse analysis to the author's texts, as well as to the content of the performer's speeches and interviews. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the political position of the musician, his awareness of the current situation in the world, as well as such aspects of the "communicative event" as formats of interaction with the public, the use of specific words in the corpus of local meanings of the text, formal structures when working with time. Particular importance is attached to the fact that R. Waters currently turns out to be one of the few representatives of the West who expresses an alternative opinion, which is actually the opposite of the ideas of the political establishment. The musician manages not only to use events relevant at the time of the album's release in his work, but also to appeal to eternal themes affecting mythological plots. T. van Dijk's approach was used, which provides for the consideration of discourse as a broad communicative event focusing around the theoretical triangle "discourse-cognition-society". In accordance with the algorithm proposed by T. van Dijk, the texts of R. Waters from the period 1973–2017, as well as his latest shows and interviews, were studied. It is concluded that almost all of R. Waters' work is perfectly suited to the optics of T. van Dijk's critical discourse analysis, which is primarily explained by the uncompromising position of the musician, who is completely unprepared to put up with the unfair state of affairs in modern society. The expression of an alternative opinion presented in the texts, shows, interviews of the author is heard (especially by young people) both in the West and in the countries of the "global South", which indicates the close connection between art and politics and inspires cautious optimism. The applied kind of critical discourse analysis allowed, on the one hand, to see the productivity of T. van Dijk's ideas in relation to the field of musical culture, on the other hand, to confirm that R. Waters is an author who clearly understands the current problems of the socio-political order and vividly uses creativity to broadcast and popularize his views.

This article aims to present the results of a critical discourse analysis of the film Ngeri-Ngeri Sedap by director Bene Dion Rajagukguk so that people who have views or stereotypes of the Batak tribe can understand and enjoy the meaning contained in the movie and the cultural aspects within it. The type and approach applied in the research is descriptive-qualitative. The data is analyzed through Teun A. Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis model, which discusses the dimensions of text, social cognition, and social context. The results of this study show that there are stereotypes attached to Batak culture. At the macrostructure stage, it discusses several themes of the Batak culture ban. At the superstructure stage, it is found that the scheme in the film discusses the story that begins with the opening board, conflict, and the final result in the form of Mr. Domu's choice to be happy with his family even though his children violate the stereotypes of Batak culture. In the micro stage, parents use prohibitive words to their children. In the cognition stage, Bene Dion Rajagukguk has a goal to eliminate Batak cultural stereotypes that have been imposed in society. Then, in the social context stage, it provides an understanding of the need for a harmonious understanding between parents and children to create a happy continuity.

The article is devoted to formation and development of discourse analysis as an effective method to study functional aspects of political communication in global political space. It reports on main theoretical and methodological approaches to critical analysis of political discourse. Mainly, it deals with theoretical and methodological perspectives of three leading schools of critical discourse analysis: discourse analysis of N. Fairclough, that presents a relational approach to considering social problems in their relation to textual analysis; socio-cognitive theory of T.A. van Dijk, oriented to investigating relations between cognitive structures, discourse and social coordination; discourse analysis of R. Wodak, that uses historical approach to discourse and is aimed at description of powerful language of the elite that helps to maintain dominance in society. The paper characterizes some frameworks of critical analysis of political discourse, including the Duisburg School of Critical Discourse Analysis (S. Jäger, F. Maier), System-Functional and Social-Semiotic Theory (M. Halliday, T. van Leeuwen), and Mediated Discourse Analysis (R. Scollon, S. Scollon). It is stated that within its boundaries critical discourse analysis includes a variety of approaches, analytical tools and methodologies. The author underlines that scientific consideration of critical discourse analysis will demonstrate its potential and prospects for integrating this interdisciplinary qualitative methodology into a set of empirical tools of modern political science.

This research aims to explain the concept of religious tolerance of Mun'im Sirry from the reconstruction and reinterpretation of Sura al-Kafirun. This is library research using qualitative method and descriptive-explanatory research design. The analysis employed in this research is Critical Discourse Analysis by Teun A. Van Dijk. The authors use Critical Discourse Analysis to reveal the various strategic interests behind the writing of Sirry‘s commentary and the struggles of social and understanding of groups. The result of this research explains that the concept of religious tolerance offered by Sirry does not only stop in sociological framework, but, more than that, it also extends tolerance in a theological framework. In Sirry's perspective, Muslims need not only to respect, appreciate, acknowledge differences in belief with followers of other religions and live in harmony (sociological field), they also need to acknowledge the recognition of the possible salvation of other religious followers in the hereafter (theological field). Furthermore, the discourse cannot be separated from the power of the West as the controller of science and the ideologies that influence the discourse are rationalism, empiricism, or neo-mu‘tazilism.

This research is designed to demonstrate (1) how critical discourse analysis in Al Jazeera Arabic media about the appointment of Yahya Sinwar as the new leader of Hamas (specifically on August 7-9, 2024) and (2) how Al Jazeera Arabic constructs discourse with indications of favoritism to one of the parties between Palestine and Israel. To collect and analyze the research data, researchers used descriptive qualitative methodology as a scientific research procedure. The collected data is classified into three data, namely primary data, secondary data, and supporting data. Furthermore, in analyzing the data, researchers applied Teun A. Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis (CDA) as a linguistic theory to understand and study the discourse in the news of Yahya Sinwar's appointment in Al Jazeera Arabic media. The results showed (1) the existence of a microstructure of semantic points that includes aspects of setting, details, intent, and presupposition and (2) the news writer has a clear tendency to favor Hamas, as reflected in the choice of words and sentence construction used in the news. Keyword : Critical Discourse Analysis Theory1, Teun A. Van Dijk2, New Leader3, Hamas4, Al Jazeera Arabic5.

Gay men's health typically relies on traditional forms of qualitative analysis, such as thematic analysis, and would benefit from a diversity of analytic approaches. Such diversity offers public health researchers a breadth of tools to address different kinds of research questions and, thus, substantiate different types of social phenomenon relevant to the health and wellbeing of gay men. In this article, I compare and contrast three qualitative analytic approaches: thematic, critical discourse, and conversation analysis. I demonstrate and distinguish their key analytic assumptions by applying each approach to a single data excerpt taken from a public health interview conducted for a broader study on gay men's health. I engage in a discussion of each approach in relation to three themes: its utility for gay men's health, its approach to dilemmas of voice, and its capacity for reflexivity. I advocate that qualitative researchers should capitalise on the full range of qualitative analytic approaches to achieve the goals of gay men's health. However, I specifically encourage qualitative researchers to engage with conversation analysis, not only because of its capacity to resolve dilemmas of voice and to achieve reflexivity, but also for its ability to capture forms of social life hitherto undocumented through thematic and critical discourse analysis.