Study on Automatic Evaluation Method of Spoken English Based on Multimodal Discourse Analysis Theory

This paper presents a method of evaluating singing skills that does not require score information of the sung melody. This requires an approach that is different from existing systems, such as those currently used for Karaoke systems. Previous research on singing evaluation has focused on analyzing the characteristics of singing voice, but were not aimed at developing an automatic evaluation method. The approach presented in this study uses pitch inter- val accuracy and vibrato as acoustic features which are indepen- dent from specific characteristics of the singer or melody. The ap- proach was tested by a 2-class (good/poor) classification test with 600 song sequences, and achieved an average classification rate of 83.5%. The aim of this study is to explore a method of automatic evalua- tion of singing skills without score information. Our interest lies in identifying the criteria that human subjects use in judging the quality of singing for unknown melodies, using acoustic features which are independent from specific characteristics of the singer or melody. Such evaluation systems can be useful tools for im- proving singing skills, and also can be applied to broadening the scope of music information retrieval and singing voice synthesis. Previous work related to singing skills include those based on a control model of fundamental frequency (F0) trajectory (1), gen- eral characteristics (2, 3), as well as work on automatic discrimi- nation of singing and speaking voices (4), and acoustic differences between trained and untrained singers' voices (5, 6, 7). None of these work have gone as far as presenting an automatic evaluation method. This paper presents a singing skill evaluation scheme based on pitch interval accuracy and vibrato, which are regarded as features that function independently from the individual characteristics of singer or melody. To test the validity of these features, an experi- ment of automatic evaluation of singing performance by a 2-class classification (good/poor) was conducted. The following sections describe our approach and the exper- imental results of its evaluation. Section 2 presents discussion of features. Section 3 describes the classification experiment and its evaluation. Section 4 concludes the paper, with discussion on di- rections for future work.

With the innovation of multimedia technology, a vast array of Chinese films has been rapidly translated and disseminated internationally, significantly enhancing the soft power of Chinese culture. As a quintessential multimodal text, the subtitling of films necessitates an analysis and interpretation of the multimodal discourse within them. The theory of multimodal discourse analysis, which takes multimodal discourse as its subject, provides a scientific analytical framework and practical guidance for the multimodal translation of film subtitles. Therefore, this paper employs the framework of multimodal discourse analysis theory, drawing on Zhang Delu's proposed dimensions of cultural, contextual, content, and expression levels, to conduct an in-depth analysis of the subtitle translation of the film The Legend of Sealed Book. The aim is to offer insights into the practice of film subtitle translation and to further the international dissemination of Chinese culture.

Automatic evaluation of machine translation plays an important role in improving the performance of machine translation systems. In this paper, we firstly introduce three traditional methods of automatic evaluation, including BLEU, NIST and WER. All these methods are based on surface layer information of translations like vocabularies, so we do some studies on the evaluation method using the information of sentence structure. Because the Hierarchical Network of Concepts (HNC) theory thinks that sentence category and format transformations are two most important links in machine translation, we do some researches about sentence category and format transformations, and get the sentence structure information which is composed of sentence category information and format information of every sentence in the bilingual (Chinese and English) translation corpora. Then, considering the traditional methods above, we propose the method of automatic evaluation based on the information of sentence structure and have proved it effective by experiment.

With the rapid development of the internet, livestreaming commerce has emerged as a novel business model, demonstrating remarkable phenomenon-level influence. Current literature reveals a scarcity of comparative studies on Chinese and American streamer discourse, particularly those focusing on systematic analysis at the multimodal level. This study addresses this gap in the research, providing insights into the distinctive features of streamer discourse. The study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the verbal and non-verbal expressions of phenomenon-level streamers from a multimodal perspective. Grounded in multimodal discourse analysis theory, this research focuses on examining the thematic words and syntax of the language used by the streamers, while also considering non-verbal elements. The research methodology mainly employs text analysis to extract thematic vocabulary from livestreaming content, analyzing its frequency and function within the discourse. Through comparative analysis, the study aims to uncover the similarities and differences in discourse construction between the Chinese and American streamers. The significance of this study lies in its contribution to a deeper understanding of the emerging phenomenon of livestreaming commerce, offering theoretical support for cross-cultural communication and market practices, and providing guidance for Chinese streamers entering foreign markets.

Discursive reading ability is an important component of English proficiency and an important measure of the level of language proficiency; to a large extent, the development of reading ability can contribute to the improvement of a student’s language ability, and the development of English reading ability in English teaching is one of the important requirements of English teaching under the new curriculum reform. The development of science and technology and multiculturalism in today’s society has led to the multimodality of most information transmission activities, which requires people to have corresponding multimodal reading abilities. The traditional English teaching mode is largely unable to meet the needs of the times, which makes it necessary to further explore the application of multimodal teaching mode in the English classroom. This paper focuses on the use of modality in English reading classrooms. The hypothesis of “multimodal reading classrooms can improve students’ learning interest and reading ability” is used as the theoretical support, and systemic functional linguistics, multimodal discourse analysis theory, and constructivist theory are used as the theoretical support. We used questionnaires and interviews to explore the multimodal teaching model of English reading. The experimental results show that the multimodal teaching model helps to improve students’ English performance, reading ability, and interest in English reading. To a certain extent, the multimodal teaching model can promote the development of English teaching, guarantee the quality of the course teaching, and make the English course less boring.

The outbreak of the novel corona virus pneumonia in the world has a particularly extensive impact on the education system. Under the epidemic situation, adult English teaching should be combined with the characteristics of English education and the needs of adult learners. Based on multimodal discourse analysis theory, multimodal teaching mode for adult English learners uses multimodal learning platforms to guide teaching, carries out live broadcast teaching and organizes multimodal teaching activities at three levels including teaching preparation, teaching organization and teaching evaluation, so as to stimulate adult learners’ interest in learning English, cultivate their autonomous learning ability, and effectively promote adult learners’ knowledge construction and internalization.

As an important medium for displaying a city’s image, culture, and characteristics, the translation of city promotional videos has become a key link in promoting a city’s image internationally. However, in the past, most of the methods used in the study of the translation of promotional videos were functional equivalence theory, purposiveness theory, and cultural adaptation theory, which resulted in a lack of comprehensive and systematic research into the translation of promotional videos. To solve this problem, based on the theoretical framework of multimodal discourse analysis, this paper adopts the method of textual analysis to conduct the translation study on the promotional videos of Quanzhou’s heritage application. It puts forward the translation strategy of city promotional videos. The theory of multimodal discourse analysis helps to promote the study of the translation of city promotional videos, which can improve the translation accuracy, deal with the problem of cultural differences, optimize the communication effect, and provide new study perspectives of the method. In the translation process, reasonable translation strategies should be adopted appropriately to maximize the translation effect of city promotional videos and expand the publicity effect of the international influence of city promotional videos.

As a common carrier of cultural communication, film has been highly valued by various cultural communication and exchange organizations for its function of conveying diverse information and enhancing cultural exchanges between countries. Because of its great influence in the field of cross-cultural communication, the accuracy of subtitle translation of film and television works is particularly critical. Based on the theory of multimodal discourse analysis, this paper analyzes the subtitle translation of Disney's animated film Metamorphosis of Youth. Based on the theory, this paper will study and analyze the subtitle translation of Youth Metamorphosis from four perspectives: culture, context, content and expression, with the aim of providing audiences around the world with the opportunity to enjoy excellent film and television works, promoting people around the world to understand each other's cultures, and providing suggestions for domestic film and television subtitle translation and cross-cultural communication.

This study analyzes how L-Men persuades its target market to buy its products through the use of a masculinity image in its two advertisements. The two advertisements which the writer studied are entitled “L-Men 2018: 2Go & Gain Mass: Men’s Guide” and “Iklan L-Men Gain Mass Terbaru 2014 Versi Albert Sultan”. In order to find out how masculinity is portrayed in the two advertisements, the researcher sets his analysis on the advertisements’ verbal and non-verbal expressions. In so doing, the researcher conducts his analysis using the theory of Multimodal Discourse Analysis. Within the findings, it is revealed that despite both advertisements are indeed portraying masculinity, how each advertisement shows what is seen as masculine is different from one another. One advertisement shows that masculinity is based on a man’s aesthetical appearance and the other advertisement shows that masculinity is based on the physical strength of a man. Keywords: Multimodal Discourse Analysis, Masculinity, Advertisement, L-Men

“A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning” is one of John Donne’s representative works. It displays the poet’s profound love for his wife by using ingenious conceit and defamiliarization techniques. The poet uses the image of compasses to express his spectacular ideas and his unusual view of love. Based on the theory of multimodal discourse analysis developed by systemic functional linguisticians, this paper interprets the poem from four aspects: visual mode, auditory mode, verbal mode and multimodal meaning integration, so as to understand the poem from the perspective of form, sound and meaning comprehensively, enriching the connotation of the poem.

Traditional automatic machine translation (MT) evaluation methods adopt the idea that calculates the similarity between machine translation output and human reference translations. However, in terms of the needs of many users, it is a key research issues to propose an evaluation method without references. As described in this paper, we propose a novel automatic MT evaluation method without human reference translations. Firstly, calculate average n-grams probability of source sentence with source language models, and similarly, calculate average n-grams probability of machine-translated sentence with target language models, finally, use the relative error of two average n-grams probabilities to mark machine-translated sentence. The experimental results show that our method can achieve high correlations with a few automatic MT evaluation metrics. The main contribution of this paper is that users can get MT evaluation reliability in the absence of reference translations, which greatly improving the utility of MT evaluation metrics.Keywordsmachine translation evaluationautomatic evaluationwithout reference translations

Machine translation is to automatically translate one natural language text into another. It is one of the important applications of natural language processing. The research of machine translation is closely related to machine translation evaluation technology. Therefore, with the progress of machine translation technology in recent years, researchers are also committed to designing more reasonable evaluation methods. Manual evaluation is costly, time-consuming, and subjective, so it has been difficult to provide practical help for the development of machine translation systems. Finding a feasible automatic machine translation evaluation method has been a hot spot in machine translation evaluation research in recent years. Based on this, this paper proposes an English translation quality evaluation model integrating knowledge transfer and wireless network. Firstly, wireless network technology is used to coordinate multitasks, and then knowledge transfer optimization technology is used to construct an English translation quality evaluation model. In this paper, simulation experiments are designed to verify the effectiveness of the model. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the evaluation method based on fusion technology is significantly improved compared with the existing evaluation methods.

Grounded in the theory of multi-modal discourse analysis, this paper conducts an in-depth exploration of the current challenges encountered in college English smart teaching. Leveraging the online smart teaching platform, it maximizes the exploitation and utilization of multi-modal teaching resources, seamlessly integrates multidisciplinary knowledge, and actively pursues the online and offline integration of the college English smart teaching system. Initiating from the four dimensions of smart teaching environment creation, teaching mode construction, teaching method innovation, and teaching evaluation enhancement, a comprehensive and systematic overall design for college English multi-modal smart teaching will be executed. The aim is to fully propel the profound integration of information technology and college English teaching, break through the crucial bottlenecks in the implementation of “Internet + Education”, enhance the quality and effectiveness of college English teaching in an all-round and multi-level manner, furnish potent theoretical support and practical exemplars for the reform and development of college English teaching, and contribute to the realization of the talent cultivation objectives in higher education.

With the development of multimedia information technology, multi-modal teaching has attracted more attention from front-line educators. This paper reviews the theory of multi-modal Discourse Analysis and its development in teaching, puts forward the analytical ideas of multi-modal classroom teaching discourse, takes a quality class in the 12th junior Middle School English classroom teaching training as an analysis example and evaluates the modal use in each teaching procedure. The result shows that when choosing the right modal to classroom discourse, teachers should, firstly, consider the teaching context and teaching purpose; secondly, strengthen the language modal s subject status; thirdly, use the body and image modal to enhance the learning experience.

Background: The increase in sexual violence cases in Indonesia has prompted filmmakers to explore similar themes in their works. Unlike conventional films that explicitly depict rape as a manifestation of sexual violence, “Photocopier” (2021) takes a unique approach by portraying it through symbolic and metaphorical means, making it more challenging for audiences to comprehend. Purpose: This study aims to examine how “Photocopier” (2021) visualizes various forms of sexual violence in selected scenes. Methods: A qualitative approach was employed for this research. The analysis focused on acts of sexual violence depicted in several scenes of the film “Photocopier,” utilizing Andrew Burn’s theory of multimodal discourse analysis, specifically the kineikonic mode. This mode classifies the sign systems within motion media or film into three categories: embodied mode, visual mode, and auditory mode. Results: “Photocopier” (2021) illustrates sexual violence through a variety of forms, including sexual harassment, sexual exploitation, sexual intimidation, and sexual control. Implicit depictions of sexual harassment are seen, for instance, through the victim’s clothing being worn inside out. Sexual exploitation is portrayed through the sale of personal data and photographs of victims for financial gain, driven by the perpetrator’s sexual desires. Additionally, forms of intimidation and sexual control are demonstrated through the judgment imposed on victims of sexual violence who are unaware of their situation and the forcible collection of evidence with sexual undertones. Implications: This study underscores the importance of raising public awareness about the diverse manifestations of sexual violence, particularly those depicted in films, thus enhancing understanding and vigilance towards such issues.