Study on Development of Fire Fighting Training System for Aircrafts Using Light

Предлагается способ пожаротушения с применением вихревых водных огнетушителей: вихревого водного циклонного огнетушителя и вихревого водного смесителя-огнетушителя, работающих на основе вихревого эффекта конфузора. Способ заключается в поглощении вихревым водным огнетушителем одновременно с вихревой водной переработкой в огнетушителе пламени, дыма, частиц окружающей среды и последующем направлении образовавшейся аэрозольной огнетушащей смеси на тушение пламени. Это позволяет сдерживать увеличение площади пожара, а также эффективнее использовать водные ресурсы при его тушении. Приводятся преимущества новых вихревых водных огнетушителей перед огнетушителями других типов. The article proposes a new method of fire extinguishing with the use of new vortex water fire extinguishers using a new physical process “vortex confusor effect”: a vortex water cyclone fire extinguisher and a vortex water mixer - fire extinguisher. The method consists in the absorption of flame, smoke, and environmental particles by a vortex water fire extinguisher, simultaneously with the vortex water processing in the fire extinguisher of the absorbed flame, smoke, and environmental particles, followed by the direction of the formed aerosol extinguishing mixture to extinguish the fire, which allows to restrain the increase in the area, volume of the fire, and also to use water resources more efficiently during fire extinguishing. The essence of the “vortex confusor effect” is the formation of a new swirling flow in the opposite direction of movement to the originally swirling flow. The physical process of the “vortex effect of the confuser” is described directly, a description of the schematic diagram of the “counter vortex” formation is given, the advantages of which are provided by the use of the “vortex effect of the confuser”. New vortex water fire extinguishers are proposed, which allow for a new method of fire extinguishing. The first part of the article describes the well-known air-foam ejecting trunks that allow crushing the water flow into aerosol particles. There is given a description of the new device - a vortex water cyclone fire extinguisher, a description of its basic scheme of operation, as well as the advantages of vortex water fire extinguishing devices. The formation of a counter vortex in the process of the “vortex effect of the confuser” is given in the description of the schematic diagram of the implementation of the physical process “vortex effect of the confuser”. A fire extinguishing mixture can be formed using another new fire-fighting device - a vortex water fire extinguisher. The article describes a schematic diagram of the functioning of a vortex water fire extinguisher. In the actual design and subsequent manufacture of vortex water fire extinguishing devices, it is necessary to ensure safe and convenient distances for the mutual arrangement of flame suction modules; a module for mixing flame components with an injected water jet; a module for forming a fire extinguishing mixture into an aerosol jet of the desired consistency and shape. The real water pressure, the design of interconnected overpasses for continuous water supply of vortex fire extinguishing devices, the implementation of technological fire extinguishing processes, the physical process of the “vortex confuser effect” itself ensure the fulfillment of these requirements. The use of the proposed devices in unmanned fire extinguishing devices, both automated, mobile, and stationary, carriage, multi-barrel, seems promising. The physical process - the “vortex effect of the confuser” - will be one of the main ones in an unmanned automatic fire extinguishing device. The implementation of the method consists in the manufacture of the proposed technological schemes for the functioning of vortex water fire extinguishers with subsequent use in the workflow. The new ones are directly vortex water and vortex cyclone fire extinguishers. But, vortex water and cyclone fire extinguishers as equipment are structurally simple, there are no moving parts in them, as such, the devices are technologically advanced in manufacturing. It is possible to produce them in each mechanical workshop.

According to fire statistics analysis of the nation's fire department between 2015–2019, the most common cause of fire was electrical fire. As reported, 47,135 fires were caused by electricity, 22,852 were caused by mechanical causes, and 871 were caused by gas leakages. In this study, the fire adaptability of microcapsulated fire extinguishing agents was tested against small space electrical fires, such as electrical distribution boards. The tests showed that the fire extinguishing agent inside the capsule was released after initial fire contact and the fire of n-heptane was extinguished within 4.48 seconds (on average). Therefore, the KFI small space B-level fire extinguishing test by the Korea Institute of Fire and Industry met the criteria that the fire was extinguished and did not reoccur within 90 s after the end of the preliminary combustion. In addition, this fire extinguisher (agent) dramatically improved the volume of existing cylinder-type fire extinguishers for small spaces. However, there are no national fire safety codes (NFSCs) for this agent. Therefore, it is necessary to enact fire safety standards for this agent for smooth-field applications.

Aviation Human Factors Related Industry News

Flight attendants are the most important people which decides customer's satisfaction and service quality toward the airline service. Nowadays the service employees' emotional ability over self and others are considered to be a important service competence. And flight attendants' job performance are achieved in their team system. The purpose of this study is to examine how the service employees' emotional awareness and management abilities can affect their teamwork capability. This study was conducted through literature and empirical methods, and collected questionnaire was analyzed employing SPSS version 15.0 statistics package and AMOS 17.0. The result of this study was found that flight attendants who have high self-emotional ability and social-emotional ability show higher teamwork capability in their flights. It is meaningful because it expanded the range of the researches about the emotional ability and proposed new substructure of researches on the service human resources.

Fires can be caused by errors or unsafe behaviour from humans and conditions in the workplace. To reduce/minimize losses, it is necessary to take preventive measures followed by security measures for the industry itself and its employees. Digging in-depth information about the readiness of PT. Donggi Senoro LNG in preventing and overcoming fire hazards. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach, which describes efforts to prevent and control fires as early anticipation of fire hazards. This study found that the company committed to the Site Crisis Management Plan procedure, an emergency response organization, emergency response diagrams and a Safety Leadership Conversation (SLC) system. The availability of fire extinguishing facilities includes a Light Fire Extinguisher, hydrant & hose box, deluge valve system, and a fire engine. In addition, the company also has a fire fighting team that has been formed, carries out training or training activities and has work permits and other businesses. This study concluded that fire extinguishers that are exposed to direct sunlight should be made of a metal cover that can withstand hot and rainy weather. Suggestion: Carry out basic fire fighting training activities, especially for new employees. Keywords : Commitment, Fire Fighting Facilities, Training Or Training, Fire Fighting Team, Work Permit

The simplest spectral‐power distributions of lights which match to a human observer intersect in three specific wavelength bands near 448, 537, and 612 nm. Simple lights which match to a detector intersect near the wavelength of peak spectral response of that detector. By analogy, the three specific wavelength bands must mark the peaks of spectral response of the normal human visual system. More complex spectral‐power distributions of matching lights may mask the relation between intersection behavior and visual system response.

This study examines the influences of flight attendants’ job crafting on positive psychological capital and core self-evaluation. The purpose of the study is to provide implications on increasing the quality of cabin service in the future. The study surveyed flight attendants from domestic air flight companies during one month from July 1st to 31st, 2019. The questionnaire was completed with a self-administered method. A total of 319 questionnaires were collected. After excluding the incomplete or dishonest questionnaires, 309 surveys were used in the analysis. We used a snowball sampling technique for collecting data. The results indicate that cognitive crafting and job crafting pose influences on positive psychological capital, and relation crafting, cognitive crafting, and job crafting exert influences on flight attendants' core self-evaluation. Positive psychological capital had a significant influence on core self-evaluation. The mediating role of positive psychological capital was identified between cognitive crafting, job crafting, and core self-evaluation. However, mediating effect was not found between relation crafting and core self-evaluation. The results indicated that through job crafting, the formation of cabin attendants’ active attitude would increase individuals’ positive mind, confidence in challenges and strengths in core self-evaluation.

Fire hazards are an inherent risk in every building, making it essential to understand the proper use of fire extinguishers to effectively respond, prevent the spread of fire, and minimize property damage and casualties. However, current fire extinguisher instructions are often inadequate, relying on verbal explanations or static images that are difficult to visualize. The lack of practical training due to limited facilities also results in insufficient user experience. This research aims to develop Augmented Reality (AR)-based interactive educational media to improve user understanding of light fire extinguisher training and enhance emergency preparedness. The development follows the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) method, consisting of six stages: concept, design, material collection, assembly, testing, and distribution. The results indicate that the educational media is both highly valid and practical. Its validity is supported by the visual display, educational content, and interactivity, while its practicality is demonstrated through ease of use, time efficiency, engagement, and overall benefits. This AR-based educational media provides an innovative solution to enhance fire safety literacy and facilitate interactive learning, particularly at Universitas Negeri Padang and the broader community.

This study examines on the education and training of an airlines’ ground staff. Also it studies on employees’perceived service quality that can make an influence on customer satisfaction and loyalty. After searching the education and training and service quality through the literature reviews related to the subject, established is a framework of an empirical study about the subject of study. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, the survey method is conducted to the airlines’ground staff members and the time frame and the target subjects are set. Collected data is used for frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, regression analysis and with the SPSS 21.0 for a statistical package program. The study results are shown as follows: first, education and training have a positive influence on the five factors of the service quality. Second, employees’perceived service quality show positive impacts on customer satisfaction and loyalty. The majority of studies on airline employee training have focused on the cabin crew. As a result, the number of studies involving ground staff is lacking. This study therefore aims to empirically verify the relationship between training of ground staff, service quality, and customer satisfaction. Given the difficulties in accessing customers for their feedback, few studies have been conducted on the effects of employee training on customer satisfaction. This empirical study used questionnaires, which are administered to airline employees and customers via one-to-one interviews, to provide theoretical and practical implications of the findings.

It is acknowledged that people spend almost 90 percent of their time in indoor spaces. Therefore, achieving a comfortable indoor environment that encourages productivity is crucial, particularly in office buildings. This paper investigates the design and performance of a modern office building in London characterized by fully glazed facades of open plan office spaces with no natural ventilation. The purpose of the research is to investigate the correlations between the control of direct solar radiation access and the effect on occupants’ thermal comfort in the summer followed by assessing the potential effect of the application of passive solar shading on thermal comfort levels in the office spaces. The research methodology involves a survey questionnaire undertaken with employees of the office building, followed by dynamic thermal modelling of the building using Integrated Environmental Solutions (IES) software. The questionnaire has been designed to understand occupants’ experiences within their office spaces and their strategies to improve the indoor environment. Furthermore, IES modelling and simulation provide in depth understanding of the building thermal performance and investigating the solar shading strategies. Overall, 66 questionnaire forms were completed where preliminary results demonstrated that most employees relied heavily on secondary cooling and heating systems to adjust the indoor air temperature for more satisfactory thermal comfort levels in their office spaces. The building modelling and simulation is used to quantify the direct solar radiation accessing the office space, the risks of overheating and the potential impact of solar control on occupants’ indoor comfort. The findings from this study demonstrate the potentially high hours of discomfort in the summer within the office spaces mainly due to the lack of control of direct solar access through the extensive area of glazed facades. In order to maintain the thermal environment within the comfort level threshold in the warmer seasons a solar shading strategy should be considered.

The development of modern technologies simultaneously with the improvement of the conditions of human existence creates additional risks that had been solved to ensure the safety and comfortable conditions of people's stay. One of these areas of human development is the gradual transition to alternative energy sources and modes of transport, including electric vehicles. Modern versions of electric vehicles, by their tactical and technical characteristics, practically do not concede cars with engines of internal combustion, but the research shows that from the point of view of fire safety and tactics of firefighting, the batteries of electric cars require some other approaches and algorithms for carrying out of emergency rescue works. Considering the modern experience and experimental results of research on the tactics of firefighting of electric vehicles, it turned out that the normative intensity of water supply (aqueous solutions) should be increased and make not less than 1,2 l/(c·m2). An increase in the normative intensity of water supply requires the fire-extinguishing chief to ensure in advance the uninterrupted supply of the extinguishing agent to the fire brigade, necessarily installing a tanker truck on a fire hydrant or reservoir. The specificity of the extinguishing of electric cars also shows the ineffectiveness of the use of a fire-extinguishing agent of air-mechanical foam and the necessity of compulsory dismantling of the battery pack of an electric vehicle after the elimination of the fire. The main results of the work are summarized in the general list of the algorithm of actions of the fireextinguishing chief after his arrival at the place of the emergency related to the ignition of electric vehicles. Compliance by the fire-extinguishing chief of the given algorithm of action will minimize the risks for the personnel of the rescue unit and accelerate the elimination of the fire. Accordingly, to the analysis and scientific results, the future directions of scientific research should be aimed: at improving the algorithm of action and tactics of elimination the fire of electric cars, the development of technical devices for extinguishing the battery of electric cars, the development of automatic fire extinguishing of electric cars, the development of more effective fire extinguishing means for extinguishing the rechargeable battery of electric cars.

In the highly dynamic environment of civil aviation, inflight teams serve as the frontline in shaping passengers' perceptions of airline service quality. However, discrepancies often arise between passenger expectations and the actual experiences delivered, primarily due to misaligned or inconsistent communication practices. This study explores the critical role of strategic communication in bridging expectation gaps between cabin crew and passengers, thereby enhancing the overall inflight experience. Through a mixed-methods approach combining passenger feedback analysis, crew interviews, and service quality audits across multiple airlines, the research identifies key communication breakdowns and their impact on passenger satisfaction. Findings reveal that unclear service announcements, inconsistent interpersonal communication, and cultural misinterpretations are major contributors to expectation gaps. Moreover, reactive rather than proactive communication strategies by inflight teams tend to escalate service failures and passenger dissatisfaction. The study proposes a strategic communication framework tailored for inflight operations that emphasizes proactive engagement, emotional intelligence, situational awareness, and real-time information flow. The framework advocates for structured pre-flight briefings, personalized passenger interactions, and adaptive communication protocols to manage service variability and individual passenger needs. Implementation of this model was piloted with select crew cohorts, resulting in measurable improvements in Net Promoter Scores (NPS), complaint reduction, and reported crew confidence. By addressing communication not merely as an operational tool but as a strategic asset, airlines can enhance service delivery consistency and foster trust among diverse passenger demographics. This research underscores the importance of training inflight personnel in communication strategy, emphasizing clarity, empathy, and cross-cultural competence. It concludes that closing expectation gaps through strategic communication is not only vital to improving passenger experience but also essential to strengthening brand loyalty in an increasingly competitive global aviation market.

Introduction. High-quality training of firefighters and rescuers is one of the fundamental elements in ensuring public safety. Due to constantly changing conditions and requirements for ensuring public safety, the relevance of improving the training process is becoming increasingly important. The article discusses the problem of training firefighters and rescuers, as well as ways to solve it based on the development and implementation of an electronic information and educational environment. Research objective. Development of an electronic information and educational environment for organizing and conducting training for personnel of fire departments of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. Methods. To achieve this task, an analysis of existing publications on this research topic and modern software was carried out, as well as an analysis of statistics on the use of the developed software. Results and discussion. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the development and implementation of an electronic information and educational environment is a promising and urgent task for improving the training of personnel of fire departments of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. Special software can provide access to interactive educational and scientific materials and other teaching methods, which will help improve the efficiency and quality of training of fire department personnel of EMERCOM of Russia. Conclusions. The development and implementation of an electronic information and educational environment is an important step in improving the training of firefighters and rescuers. The use of special software makes it possible to effectively use modern technologies and training methods to develop professional skills and improve the quality of training of specialists of EMERCOM of Russia. As a result of training using an electronic information and educational environment, firefighters and rescuers will have the opportunity to gain theoretical knowledge on fire safety issues, as well as practice in solving a variety of scenarios and situations that may arise in real life. Key words: training of firefighters and rescuers; electronic information and educational environment; software; education; personnel; EMERCOM of Russia; Academy of State Fire Service.

We analyzed the effects of psychological capital on organizational commitment and turnover intention among flight attendants at a Korean airline and the mediating effect of organizational commitment. Data were collected through a 2022 survey of Korean flight attendants, yielding 297 responses. Model reliability and validity were assessed to confirm hypotheses. Hope had a significant negative effect on turnover intention P<0.05), whereas optimism and resilience did not have significant effects on turnover intention. Additionally, hope had a significant positive effect on normative and continuance commitment, unlike optimism and resilience, which did not have significant effects on normative commitment or continuance commitment. Both normative commitment and continuance commitment negatively influenced turnover intention. Organizational commitment mediated the relationship between psychological capital and turnover intention, reinforcing the positive impact of psychological capital on reducing turnover intention. This study underscores the significance of psychological capital in shaping organizational commitment and reducing turnover intention among Korean flight attendants. Strengthening psychological capital and fostering organizational commitment can bolster airline stability, competitiveness, and service quality.

In this study, we constructed indoor testbed to apply aerial hyper-spectral imaging sensor was to monitoring to heavy metal contaminated in soil. And a ground-based spectro-radiometer data and hyper-spectral image data were obtained for soil samples artificially contaminated with two heavy metals (Cu, Pb). Based on the comparison of spectro-radiometer and actual concentration data, specific wavelength band was classified by linear regression analysis and statistical analysis. We have established a preprocessing methodology that represents the most correlated specific wavelengths through logarithmic and derivative transformations on the reflectance data for each concentration gradient of heavy metals. Among the various methods, (Log (1/R))′ conversion was confirmed as the most effective pre-processing method for extracting specific wavelength. Then, the spectral characteristic patterns of the soil contaminated with heavy metals were confirmed through the hyper-spectral image data constructed in the indoor test bed, and spectral angle mapper which is one of the spectral characteristic matching methods was applied to confirm the classification feasibility of soil contaminated with the heavy metals.