Survey Paper on IoT Based Three Phase Fault Detection System with Web Dashboard

Solar energy has grown in popularity in recent years. Conventional solar panels cannot provide enough energy to meet consumer demand. Therefore, more solar panels are needed to meet consumer demand. The Internet of Things (IoT) Solar Tracker maximises solar energy collecting by connecting the physical and digital worlds. This study integrates IoT to improve solar tracker performance. Blynk uses the NodeMCU ESP8266 control unit to monitor voltage, current, and power usage. This research uses the Arduino IDE, a photoresistor sensor, and a current sensor, INA219. This work advances solar energy efficiency. By comparing solar panel electrical qualities in different environments, this research succeeded. To assess solar panel efficiency, 5 V and 12 V fans were used as loads. The results demonstrated that load configuration deliberately influences power and energy production. Solar panels produced greater power and energy under 12 V fan loads than 5 V loads. This observation assists solar energy system analysis and design. Second, the IoT solar tracker was tested for electricity harvesting. The solar tracker harvested more solar energy than a fixed orientation. After tracking the sun, it enhances voltage, current, power, and energy by 30%. Web dashboards and smartphone apps allow real-time IoT device monitoring and control. The interactive web dashboard displayed solar panel data. Track electrical properties and sunshine intensity. IoT devices influence solar tracker decisions and promote sustainable energy.Keywords: IoT solar tracker, Blynk application, NodeMCU ESP8266

The novel paradigm of Internet of Things (IoT) is gaining recognition in the numerous scenarios promoting the pervasive presence of smart things around us through its application in various areas of society, which includes transportation, healthcare, industries, and agriculture. One more such application is in the smart office to monitor the health of devices via machine learning (ML) that makes the equipment more efficient by allowing real-time monitoring of their health. It guarantees indoor comfort as per the user's satisfaction as it emphasizes on fault prediction in real-life devices. Early identification of various types of faults in IoT devices is the key requirement in smart offices. IoT devices are becoming ubiquitous and provide an assistant to supervise an office that is regulated by ML and data received from sensors is stored in cloud. A recommender system facilitates the selection of an appropriate solution for faults in IoT-enabled devices to mitigate faults. The architecture proposed in this paper is used to monitor each and every office appliance connected via IoT technology using ML technique, and recommender system is used to recommend solutions for fault patterns without much human intervention. The ultrasonic motion sensor is used to fetch the information of employee availability in cubicles and data is sent to the cloud through the WiFi module. ATmega8 is used to control electrical appliances in the office environment. The significance of this work is to forecast the faults in IoT appliances which will have an impact on life and reliability of IoT appliances. The main objective is to design a prototype of a smart office using IoT that can control and automate workplace devices and forecast whether the device needs repairing or replacing, thus reducing the overall burden on the employee and helping out in increasing physical as well as mental health of the person.

Air pollution is a serious problem across the world owing to its substantial influence on the global environment and human health. Many approaches have been conducted by researchers to measure air quality in their regions. One of the approaches is the application of an Internet of Things (IoT), a system of “smart devices” that can monitor and connect with their surroundings and interact with users and other systems. In this paper, an IoT-enabled air pollution monitoring system was proposed. This system was prepared by using gas sensors (DHT 22 and MQ 135), a microcontroller (Arduino Uno), a Wi-Fi module, a cloud database (Blynk), and a smartphone. The air pollution level, temperature, and humidity measurements are collected by the gas sensors and then the data is transmitted to the microcontroller. The microcontroller transmits the data to the cloud through the Wi-Fi module. The Blynk application allows the users to obtain cloud-based air quality data. This application also notifies the users of the status of the air quality in their area via a pop-up message. The users will be notified when the air quality status is unhealthy or very unhealthy and will be able to respond promptly. This proposed system is simple to set up and can operate at any location as needed. Furthermore, the overall cost of this proposed system is minimal, and it can be used for small towns, large parts of countries, even for the large indoor environment like buildings and companies.KeywordsInternet of things (IoT)Air qualityAir pollutant index (API)Smartphone

not spread evenly among the people. Most people still use traditional methods and depend on the uncertain climate to meet their food needs, such as vegetables and fruits. Based on this, an Internet of Things (IoT) based Smart Greenhouse Design with Arduino Uno Microcontroller was created as a solution that is expected to help make it easier for farmers to cultivate plants. The greenhouse is a building that has the function to protect plants from external disturbances such as pests, heavy rain, strong winds, and excessive humidity. Meanwhile, what is called a smart greenhouse that uses technology such as the Internet of Things (IoT), is designed to automatically monitoring uses the Arduino Uno microcontroller as the control center for each sensor used, namely DHT22 (air temperature and humidity sensor), Soil Moisture (soil moisture sensor), GUVA-S12SD (UV light intensity sensor). The sensor will obtain the required data and will be automatically sent to the server (blynk application) with the help of ESP8266 (wifi module). The method used in this study is engineering design in the manufacture of the automation system. The results of this research are in the form of a smart greenhouse that can regulate, adjust, and modify the climate to optimize the conditions and processes of plant growth in the greenhouse equipment through microcontrollers and monitoring devices such as sensors and can be controlled remotely via mobile phones or computers everywhere.

Since the Internet of Things (IoT) will be entwined with everything we use in our daily life, the consequence of security flaws escalates. Smart objects will govern most of the home appliances and car engines yielding potential disaster scenarios. In this context, successful attacks could lead to chaos and scary scenarios (www.darkreading.com). Unprotected personal information may expose sensitive and embarrassing data to the public and attacks may threaten not only our computers and smart devices, but our intimacy and perhaps our lives too. Because persons and objects will be bonded with each other, user consent becomes critical. Therefore, thing, object, and user Identity will be the focus of future IoT security solutions, yielding a Trust, Security, and Privacy (TSP) paradigm, which may constitute the Achilles' heel of IoT. While security issues are quite straightforward, mainly from background knowledge, privacy issues are far more complex. Privacy constitutes a rather challenging task, even for the m...

Usually, IoT devices are designed to perform specific tasks, while robots have to adapt to unpredictable situations. Artificial intelligence and machine learning help these robots cope with the emerging unexpected conditions. The Internet of Robotic Things is an evolving concept that brings together all-encompassing sensors and devices with robotic and autonomous systems. Both IoT devices and robots rely on sensors to understand the surrounding environment, to process data quickly, and to decide how to respond. Nevertheless, while most IoT systems can handle only well-defined tasks, robots can handle expected situations as well. The Internet of Robotic Things is a better Internet of Things (IoT) solution due to its ability to bridge the gap between IT and real operations. The IoRT may face several challenges in power consumption and network bandwidth limitation due to the growth in the information dissemination over the Robotic network. The main objective of this paper is to introduce an overview of the concepts and challenges in the Internet of Robotic Things based on Fog Computing technique. Further, a framework of Fog based IoRT is introduced.

Benzene gas is a material widely used in the laboratory as a solvent. Benzene gas can be harmful to people. Therefore, this study aims to measure and monitor benzene gas levels with the Internet of Things (IoT) platform as a monitoring and notification system on android smartphone devices. The sensor used is MS 1100 to detect benzene gas and transmit input signals. The NodeMCU microcontroller processes these signals. This wifi module in NodeMCU sends the sensor’s value to the Blynk IoT platform to display in graph form. This value is processed under the program and it meets the setpoint then the system provides notifications to users through the Blynk application on android smartphone devices as well as activating buzzer and exhaust fans in the laboratory room. The result showed that monitoring of benzene gas in the laboratory as 0.17 ppm.

The utilization of Internet of Things (IoT) technology in the agriculture sector continues to evolve, including in the automation of agricultural processing tools. This research aims to design and develop an IoT-based scallion cutting tool integrated with the Blynk application, which functions to control and manage the device in real-time. This tool is equipped with key components such as a cutting motor, sensors, and a microcontroller, all controlled via the IoT network. The Blynk application allows users to adjust cutting parameters, such as motor speed, and receive information about the tool's status. Testing has shown that this tool can operate automatically according to settings provided through the Blynk app, producing consistent scallion cuts that meet the requirements. The implementation of this technology is expected to enhance efficiency, reduce manual labor and time, and improve the productivity and quality of scallion cutting. With the integration of IoT and the Blynk application, this scallion cutting tool offers an innovative solution to support the modernization of the agricultural industry, particularly in scallion processin.

One of the most important organs of the human body is the heart. The heart manages the circulation of oxygen-rich blood and transports food waste from the body. Heart rate can help diagnose heart problems and show how healthy the heart is. The aim of this research is to create a tool to monitor the work of the heart through heart rate and oxygen levels in the blood vessels to determine the level of heart health via the Internet of Things (IoT). The research method used was to create a prototype designed with IoT using the ESP32 Node MCU and the Blynk application via the MAX30100 sensor. Testing the sensor voltage obtained an average input voltage value of 4.14 V and an output voltage of 3.3 V. The average error value was 0.6 V and the percentage calculation was 79.7%. Monitoring tools to detect oxygen levels in blood vessels and successfully read data. The test results in table 3.3 were carried out with an average heart detection result of 82.6 BPM (Beat per Minute) and an oxygen level detection result of 95%. Monitoring can also be seen via the Blynk application on Android or other gadgets. The sensor reading results for oxygen levels are almost accurate, having the same reading value, while the heart rate measurement results are less variable according to physical conditions. Using the Blynk application is very easy to use both directly and remotely.

Recent research efforts have created rapid advances in the field of the Internet of Things (IoT) in terms of communication protocols, sensing technologies, computing capabilities, next-generation wireless technologies, big data and AI techniques, and on-device, edge, cloud processing. These advances created a paradigm shift and generated a wide range of potential opportunities for a new major field known as the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), as well as subfields like mobile Health (mHeatlh) and digital or electronic Health (eHealth). This paper provides an overview of the Internet of Medical Things and presents a classification to define the primary users and their roles and involvement in smart healthcare systems. The paper then presents taxonomy on the deployment scales of different healthcare environments, from personal healthcare to widescale connected healthcare systems. The overview also discusses the n-tier architecture of IoMT, then presents a set of taxonomies and classifications on the different medical devices used in healthcare systems as well as non-medical devices used to provide context-aware information about the surrounding environment. The paper then concludes the overview by presenting the different healthcare-related applications and services, a comparison between traditional and smart healthcare systems, and the different obstacles and challenges in the field of IoMT to guide the development of new services and devices. Many survey papers in the literature focused on similar points; however, up to our knowledge, this is the first paper to present taxonomies and classifications for these IoMT essential topics. The presented taxonomies and classifications provide the manufacturers of medical devices and the developers of healthcare services a deeper understanding of the healthcare systems’ landscape to address different requirements and demands.

Every year, electricity consumption in Indonesia has increased in line with population growth and the national economy. One of the factors causing an increase in electricity consumption in Indonesia, one of which is caused by the lifestyle of modern society which is wasteful in using electricity. Modern society is increasingly using electricity inefficiently. One potential solution to this problem is the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) concept. The Internet of Things, or IoT for short, is a system of connected computing devices whose sole purpose is to maximize the benefits of an internet connection. The system built using the PZEM-004T sensor which is processed by the Arduino Uno microcontroller will be sent to Wemos D1 Mini via serial communication (TX-RX) so that it can be displayed on the BLYNK New IoT application on a smartphone. As for the parameters that will be displayed in the BLYNK application, namely voltage, current, and power usage of electrical devices. By using this application, users will be able to more easily and effectively monitor and how much electrical energy is used by equipment remotely. This equipment has been tested from September to October, on 5 electronic devices such as lights, TVs, refrigerators, rice cookers, fans with satisfactory results, namely being able to monitor the use of electrical devices using smartphones through the blynk application.

Recently, the internet of things (IoT) has evolved into a breakthrough for creating intelligent settings. Any technology's reliance on the IoT model is seen as having major security and privacy issues. The various conceivable attacks carried out by intruders give rise to privacy and security considerations. Therefore, creating an intrusion detection system is crucial for identifying attacks and anomalies in the IoT system. In this work, a deep belief network (DBN) algorithm model for the intrusion detection system has been proposed. The CICIDS 2017 dataset is used for the performance analysis of the current IDS model in terms of assaults and anomaly detection. Accuracy, recall, precision, F1-score, detection rate, and other characteristics were all improved by the proposed method. IoT technology has revolutionized how healthcare is provided to patients. Medical institutions are very concerned about IoT security because of the network enabled IoT devices' integration with healthcare network infrastructure.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is leading today’s digital transformation. Relying on a combination of technologies, protocols, and devices such as wireless sensors and newly developed wearable and implanted sensors, IoT is changing every aspect of daily life, especially recent applications in digital healthcare. IoT incorporates various kinds of hardware, communication protocols, and services. This IoT diversity can be viewed as a double-edged sword that provides comfort to users but can lead also to a large number of security threats and attacks. In this survey paper, a new compacted and optimized architecture for IoT is proposed based on five layers. Likewise, we propose a new classification of security threats and attacks based on new IoT architecture. The IoT architecture involves a physical perception layer, a network and protocol layer, a transport layer, an application layer, and a data and cloud services layer. First, the physical sensing layer incorporates the basic hardware used by IoT. Second, we highlight the various network and protocol technologies employed by IoT, and review the security threats and solutions. Transport protocols are exhibited and the security threats against them are discussed while providing common solutions. Then, the application layer involves application protocols and lightweight encryption algorithms for IoT. Finally, in the data and cloud services layer, the main important security features of IoT cloud platforms are addressed, involving confidentiality, integrity, authorization, authentication, and encryption protocols. The paper is concluded by presenting the open research issues and future directions towards securing IoT, including the lack of standardized lightweight encryption algorithms, the use of machine-learning algorithms to enhance security and the related challenges, the use of Blockchain to address security challenges in IoT, and the implications of IoT deployment in 5G and beyond.

Currently, everything has become digitalized due to the rapid and remarkable advancements in technology in all aspects of life especially the Internet and smart technology. Automation system (AS) is a part of this rapid development due to its multiple and various utilization such as smart building control systems. This paper will study smart building control system, which monitors and manages power consumption and safety. It presents two different models named remote control appliances and safety. The first model is employed to reduce power consumption by controlling building appliances remotely and the second model consists of sensors, which increase the safety by monitoring temperature & humidity, gas and fire in buildings. The system's design is based on Internet of Things (IoT) through using NodeMCU microcontroller and Blynk platform via Internet connection. The building appliances such as A/C, water heater (W-H), TV and lights are connected to the control board (CB). The owner of the building can monitor and control the status of appliances via Blynk application through Internet connection. Moreover, safety is based on sensors such as DHT22, gas and flame sensors, which are placed to monitor the vulnerable areas in the building and sending alert message (notification and email) in real-time to the owner via Blynk Application if there are any critical values detected by the sensors. Such monitoring system increases the building safety. The implementation results of the presented system shows a major impact on power saving which reduce power consumption as well as increasing safety of the building.

This research discusses the design and build of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based vending machine prototype with a payment method using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). The system is designed using the ESP32 microcontroller connected to an RFID reader, DC motor, photointerrupter sensor, and RTC as the main controller. The Blynk application is used as a medium for monitoring drink stock and real-time notifications. Test results show that the prototype can perform cashless transactions with RFID automatically, dispense products according to user selection, and display stock data through the Blynk application. The application of RFID and IoT technology in vending machines has proven to improve operational efficiency, reduce cash transaction usage, and provide a more practical transaction experience. This research is expected to be a modern solution for digitally based automatic sales systems in the future.