Systemic Innovation for Thrivable Cities

The aim of the study is to reveal the inter linkages between sci-tech innovation platforms and innovative city construction. 110 sets of laws and regulations have been quantified to analyze the evolution of sci-tech innovation platforms. It shows that there is a marked growth on the policy quantity and dynamics after 2006 the innovative country goal proposed. Then an empirical analysis has been done by comparing the quantity of sci-tech innovation platform in nine cities of Fujian province with four core indicators of the innovative city evaluation index system. Research shows that there is a positive correlation between sci-tech innovation platform and innovative city which suggests that the promotion of the construction and management of science and technology innovation platform will promote the development of innovative city.

Smart systems of innovation for smart places: Challenges in deploying digital platforms for co-creation and data-intelligence

Innovative cities are essential for the economic growth and development of countries. At the same time, however, social and environmental problems related to city growth can be serious threats to the full realisation of the socio-economic contribution that cities can make. City environments thus often provide both new problems and the creative and diverse environments, which make it possible to solve them. The question of whether or not sustainable development is possible largely will be answered in cities. This is also the case for problems related to waste management. Landfills may be located in the countryside, but if a country is to reduce environmental costs, the results will rest on the innovation power of cities. In this paper it is argued that the notion of a 'system of innovation' is helpful in understanding the factors that shape the processes of innovation and that determine the extent to which environmental problems may be solved. In this context, institutional innovation and political innovation as compared to technical innovation are of special importance.

Regional innovation system is the key to maintain competitive advantage and the basis of national innovation system. Especially in the transition of economic conditions, regional innovation environment, innovation subject, innovation input, innovation system all need to be improved to adapt to the demands of the new situation. The literature, quantitative and comparative analysis methods are applied in this paper to discuss the innovation evaluation system of innovation provinces and cities deeply, and evaluate the innovation ability of Heilongjiang Province. The conclusion can be drawn that: innovation policy and environment are very important, and the consciousness and behavior of innovation subject is the key factor, the provincial capital cities should play a leading role to increase the investment of innovation in order to promote the construction and development of the regional innovation system.

Innovation system efficiency analysis and prediction play an important role in regional innovation systems development and improve benefit of innovative capacity for country. According to the city innovation system data which is large scale and imbalance, this paper presented a support vector machine model to predict city innovation system efficiency. The method was compared with artificial neural network, decision tree, logistic regression and naive Bayesian classifier regarding city innovation system efficiency prediction for eight Chinese cities. It is found that the method has the best accuracy rate, hit rate, covering rate and lift coefficient, and provides an effective measurement for city innovation system efficiency prediction.

Urban living labs (ULLs) are progressive forms of interventions that aim to fulfil the sustainability ambitions of cities and communities. They provide opportunities to translate new ideas into practice. The increasing interest among researchers, practitioners, and policy makers in understanding sustainability transitions (ST) has brought new forms of experimentation through which cities and communities can be governed. Recently, there has been increasing attention towards the concept of circular economy (CE). This term promises the creation of distinct city systems in which material flows can be managed efficiently. In this article, we explore how ULLs can become pathways of sustainability transition towards innovative city systems from a circular economy perspective. By adopting a series of systematic analyses, i.e., multiple correspondence analysis and content analysis, we demonstrate the main pathways of circular economy-oriented innovative city systems that have been used in the literature. As a result of this work, we identify the main pathways, namely knowledge production, policy making, co-creation, geographical embeddedness, urban transitions, networks of cooperation among institutions, culture change, and collaborative engagement.

In today’s world, the innovation of science and technology has become the key support for improving comprehensive national strength and changing the mode of social production and lifestyle. The country that possesses world-class scientific and technological innovation cities maximizes the attraction of global innovation factors and wins a strategic initiative in international competition. Based on the urban zip code geodatabase, an evaluation system of urban innovation with the perspective of innovation outputs, and the spatial evolutionary mode, concerning the structure of innovation space of Shanghai and Beijing from 1991 to 2014, was developed. The results of the research indicated that the zip code geodatabase provided a new perspective for studying the evolving spatial structure of urban innovation. The resulting evaluation of the spatial structure of urban innovation using the urban zip code geodatabase established by connecting random edge points, was relatively effective. The study illustrates the value of this methodology. During the study period, the spatial structure of innovation of Shanghai and Beijing demonstrated many common features: with the increase in urban space units participating in innovation year by year, the overall gap of regional innovation outputs has narrowed, and the trend towards spatial agglomeration has strengthened. The evolving spatial structure of innovation of Shanghai and Beijing demonstrated differences between the common features during the 25 years as well: in the trend towards the suburbanization of innovation resources, the spatial structure of innovation of Shanghai evolved from a single-core to a multi-core structure. A radiation effect related to traffic arteries as spatial diffusion corridors was prominent. Accordingly, a spatial correlation effect of its innovation outputs also indicated a hollowness in the city center; the spatial structure of innovation of Beijing had a single-core oriented structure all the way. Together with the tendency for innovation resources to be agglomerated in the city center, the spatial correlation effect of innovation outputs reflected the characteristics of the evolutionary feature where “rural area encircles cities”. The innovation spatial structure of Shanghai and Beijing have intrinsic consistency with the spatial structure of their respective regions (Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan region), which suggested that the principle of proportional and disproportional distribution of a city-scale pattern of technological and innovational activities is closely related to its regional innovation pattern.

The European Commission has launched a research project called EDICT-European Demonstration of Innovative City Transport within the "Cities of Tomorrow" programme. A test of a PRT system has been carried out in Cardiff, Wales. Three other cities have participated: Eindhoven and later on Almelo in the Netherlands, Ciampinio in Italy and Huddinge in Sweden. In the test site at Huddinge a PRT network was evaluated at Kungens Kurva Shopping Area southwest of Stockholm. The research programme had a time frame from January 2002 to November 2004. In the test site at Huddinge the following research programme was outlined: (1) A performance comparison between 4 PRT systems: Taxi 2000, ULTra, Austrans and FlyBy, (2) a local Travel Survey about Travel Pattern and Behaviour, (3) the Design of a PRT network, (4) a Travel Demand Analysis with regional forecasts and local PRT simulations, (5) development of enhanced Control Strategies, (6) an Assessment Framework with a Cost-Benefit Analysis Evaluation, and (7) user Attitudes and Acceptability studies. This paper describes these topics of the research project. The Kungens Kurva area has some 42,000 visitors per day, of which 95 % arrive by private cars and 5 % by bus. The world's first—and largest—IKEA furniture store is located here. The Kungens Kurva Area is today congested in peak periods and a substantial part of the shopping mall area is covered by surface parking lots. The area is forecasted to increase its land use and activities as one of the foremost external shopping malls in the Stockholm region. Up to 2011 it is foreseen a doubled level of shopping activities, with much more car traffic as a result. The City of Huddinge has ambitions to preserve its community as a sustainable society. Therefore there will be a need for an innovative city transport system to serve these new mobility needs. This paper summarizes the results from the Swedish test-site: "Kungens Kurva", SW of Stockholm, Sweden. This research project was co-funded by the European Commission (50 %) and the Swedish VINNOVA Research Fund (50 %). Swedish partners were: Transek Consultants, LogistikCentrum and Municipality of Huddinge.

In this paper, we trace the development of three "ideal types" of local innovation system governance since the Second World War in three highly innovative city regions. The types of innovation governance are dirigiste, networked and grass roots. These are analysed in the case study areas of Oxfordshire, Stuttgart and Toulouse. It is shown that the hegemony of each type of governance changes over time in each area. Initially, central or regional governments played major roles in establishing the bases of the local innovative systems. Later local network forms were adopted in both Stuttgart and Toulouse while Oxfordshire is characterised more by a market orientated grassroots system. The key to the success of local systems of innovation is argued to be their adaptive capacity. The more successful are able to seize external opportunities and deal with external shocks. The analysis of the relative performance of the three changing local innovation systems indicates that widely networked systems grow faster than market oriented grassroots systems.

Does national innovative city pilot policy promote green technology progress? Evidence from China

ABSTRACTCities are naturally the center of attention when innovation and its geography are discussed. This paper seeks to elucidate the knowledge structures of the city innovation systems of Hong Kong and Singapore, and shed light on the performance of knowledge production, networks, and features in accordance with: (1) patent portfolios and fields of technology; (2) the patent landscape; and (3) the correlation map between fields and entities that produce patents. Findings indicate that private firms dominate the patenting landscape for the selected economies. Scientific activities performed by universities and public research institutions are converging with technological knowledge performed by firms. Hong Kong and Singapore sought to attain a co-evolution process for science-based industrial development.