T-Scan as a Patient Education Tool

School-based oral health promotion initiatives are essential for enhancing children's and teenagers' oral health outcomes. However, the long-term efficacy of these initiatives is yet unknown. Over the course of a year, 500 children between the ages of 6 and 12 years participated in prospective observational research. Two groups of 250 participants each-the intervention group and the control group-were created. While the control group only got basic oral health information, the intervention group participated in a full program aimed at promoting oral health. Over the course of 2 years, baseline data on the participants' oral health condition were gathered, and follow-up evaluations were carried out every 6 months. At the 12-month follow-up, the intervention group showed a substantial decrease in dental caries prevalence (15.2% vs. 23.6%, P < 0.001) as compared to the control group. In addition, the intervention group showed better oral hygiene habits than the control group (P < 0.001), such as decreased plaque index and more frequent brushing. In conclusion, school-based initiatives to promote oral health are successful in enhancing children's and adolescents' long-term dental health outcomes. These initiatives are essential in lowering the prevalence of dental caries and encouraging good oral hygiene habits. Ensuring the long-term dental health and well-being of future generations requires sustained investment in school-based oral health promotion efforts.

There are various reasons for offering patients orthodontic treatment. Some of these include improved aesthetics, occlusal function and the long-term dental health.

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide, and its complications are highly contributing to mortality. Compared to oral hypoglycemic agents, reduction in HbA1c is maximum with insulin therapy. Evidence suggests the potential benefits of achieving normoglycemia with early intensive insulin therapy. Despite the high levels of uncontrolled T2DM in Indian patients, the use of insulin remains suboptimal. Initiation of insulin therapy in patients with T2DM is often inappropriately delayed due to physician's barriers. These include physicians’ inadequacy of skill and time required for insulin therapy, perceived complications of insulin therapy and perceived lack of treatment benefit. These barriers can be overcome by physician education and training, using effective patient education methods and tools, and bridging gaps to improve adherence by the patients. Pharmaceutical industry, government health authorities, medical institutions, healthcare professionals and patients can help to overcome the clinical inertia for the initiation and titration of insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes.

To create optimal oral and overall community health, dental public health (DPH) specialists must be competent and appropriately skilled to deal with contemporary and emergent public health issues. This study aims to evaluate the current job market demands related to the DPH profession and suggest contemporary skills and qualities that would enable DPH professionals to address emerging issues more effectively in their field. A multimethod qualitative study was conducted involving two distinct groups: employers and potential employees. Interviews of stakeholders (employers)representing different job market domains, and a surveywas administered to recent DPH residency graduates (employees). Qualitative analysis was applied to the data collected. Employers identified the following skills as crucial for future DPH employees: proficiency in care delivery systems, health informatics, clinical training, leadership, and professional and grant writing skills. Many employers assumed the presence of a clinical component in the residency program. DPH residency graduates emphasized that the most significant barrier to securing positions is the lack of clinical experience within the residency program. This research highlights skills currently valued by the DPH job market and proposes that DPH specialty training may consider revising its curriculum to include these skills. Implementing such updates would ensure that graduates are well equipped and competitive, thus significantly contributing to the broader objective of attaining optimal oral health and overall well-being of the community.

Based on preliminary study data at Yadika 8 Jatimulya Vocational School, it was found that mathematics scores, especially in understanding and solving geometric problems, were still low. This information was obtained through documentation studies and interviews with mathematics teachers in class X majoring in AKL-1, who revealed students' difficulties in understanding and solving geometry problems. Even after the material and examples have been taught, students still experience difficulties when faced with new questions with changes in numbers and question patterns. Their ability to analyze story problems and picture questions and relate them to objects around them is also relatively low. In response to these findings, this research aims to describe the spatial abilities of students who have visual, auditory and kinesthetic learning styles. This research is entitled "Analysis of Spatial Visual Ability in Solving Geometry Problems in View of the Learning Style of Class X Students of Vocational School Yadika 8 Jatimulya" and applies descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach. Research subjects were selected using a purposive sampling technique, namely with certain considerations after giving a learning style questionnaire to all class X students at SMK Yadika 8 Jatimulya. One class was selected that had students with three different learning styles: visual, auditory, or kinesthetic. Next, students were given a written test on flat-sided spatial figures to measure their spatial abilities, and unstructured interviews were used as a data collection method. The results showed variations in students' visual spatial abilities based on their learning styles. Students with a visual learning style have good abilities in imagination, concepts, problem solving, and searching for visual patterns. Students with an auditory learning style have good abilities in concepts and problem solving, although their imagination is less strong. Students with a kinesthetic learning style seem to face difficulties in all aspects of visual-spatial abilities. In addition, the test results show that the majority of students have a moderate level of visual spatial ability. They are able to understand geometric concepts and apply them well, but there are some students who show low visual spatial abilities that require further attention. The research results also revealed a correlation between students' learning styles and their visual spatial abilities. Students with a visual learning style tend to have higher visual-spatial abilities than students with an auditory or kinesthetic learning style. This highlights the importance of understanding students' learning styles in designing effective learning strategies. Overall, this research emphasizes the importance of visual spatial abilities in solving geometric problems and the influence of students' learning styles on these abilities. This has important implications in developing learning strategies that suit individual student learning styles, especially in the context of learning geometry at SMK Yadika 8 Jati Mulya. Teachers can utilize the results of this research to design more effective learning approaches and increase the potential of each student.

The rise of digital technology has provided new opportunities for language learning, extending beyond traditional classroom instruction. Video projects have emerged as an effective tool in foreign language education, yet research on self-initiated and regulated video production for language learning is scarce. This study investigates the phenomenon of vlogging in Spanish as a second language on the Chinese video sharing platform Bilibili, by analyzing 134 Chinese-produced Spanish-language vlogs. The study aims to understand the vlogs’ characteristics, the vloggers’ profile, and the ways they utilize the genre for learning Spanish. Through qualitative virtual ethnography, the study uncovers the presence and learning engagement of Spanish L2 vlogs on Bilibili. The results reveal a diverse range of vlogs, including daily life experiences and adaptations of popular YouTube trends, primarily produced by university students with advanced editing skills. Vloggers incorporate knowledge from both formal education (e.g., the Spanish textbook widely used in China, Español Moderno) and informal contexts. In addition to practicing oral Spanish, L2 vloggers use various forms of writing, including Spanish subtitles and Chinese translation, and mobilize multimodal resources, such as danmu comments for overlaying corrections. Vloggers also adopt discursive strategies for community interaction, such as self-deprecating metalanguage, feedback solicitation, and metalinguistic reflections. The study highlights the potential of video-sharing platforms like Bilibili as tools for language learning, reveals different learning styles in digital environments (self-supervised and interaction-oriented learning), and indicates the direction of integrating daily vlogs and multilingual subtitles into language curricula, emphasizing students’ agency, self-directed digital learning, and transmedia literacy development.

Background: This review article aims to emphasize the importance of oral and dental health, which is often overlooked but an indispensable element of overall health, and the striking effect of oral health on athletic performance, which has emerged in recent research in the field of sports medicine and dentistry. Materials and Methods: In the search for scientific literature for this review, data from the US National Library of Medicine (PubMed), MEDLINE, and SportDiscus were used, and the terms ‘’ oral health’’, sports injuries’’, ‘’ sportive performance’’, ‘’ dental health’’. “athletes’ health’’ were used. The relevant literature has also taken its source from the research of relevant articles from reference lists derived from data searches Results: It is widely acknowledged that optimal oral health plays an important role in overall well-being. It is also recognized that athletes face unique challenges due to the demands of intense training programs. It is worth noting that maintaining good oral and dental health has implications that extend beyond a bright smile. There is growing evidence that it can also have a significant impact on an individual's physical performance and overall health. It is worth noting that athletes may be particularly vulnerable to a range of oral health concerns that could potentially impact their performance and overall well-being. Conclusion: Athletes may sometimes experience common oral health issues such as tooth decay and periodontal diseases, which could be due to several factors. These may include an increased intake of sugar from sports drinks, dehydration during training which can lead to dry mouth, and potential trauma from contact sports. It is worth noting that these issues can have a significant impact on an athlete’s performance, beyond mere discomfort. They can affect nutrition intake, sleep quality, and even systemic inflammation levels.

The Utah House: An effective educational tool and catalyst for behavior change?

As the Covid 19 Pandemic greatly impacted teaching and learning, academic institutions switched from in-person to online classes. This shift prompted an examination of students’ learning styles to accommodate their learning in virtual environment. The VARK (Visual-Aural-Read/Write-Kinesthetic) instrument was used to assess effectiveness of teaching and students’ learning in U.S. Coast Guard Academy (CGA) undergraduate engineering course. The VARK instrument was used to facilitate effective virtual classroom activities to engineering students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper argues that students have different learning strengths and styles. Some students may learn best by watching and listening, others by thinking, and others by doing or by doing, touching, and feeling. Our results indicate that engineering students demonstrate a strong preference for at least two learning styles and the learning styles differ between male and female students. Females are not kinesthetic learners, but their preferable mode of learning is verbal or reading. Male students preferred aural style and African Americans kinesthetic learning style. This research was conducted to improve our teaching and provide students with safe learning environment during challenging time of the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper finds that learning styles are important across all majors during virtual learning and teaching. The VARK instrument can be used to indicate cadets’ learning styles to facilitate effective learning and teaching in virtual environment during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Is survival skills diet education using Aramark’s nutrition concepts© as effective as traditional diet education?

This study aims to analyze the role of emotional intelligence in forming an effective learning style based on the perspective of Islamic education. Emotional intelligence is an individual's ability to understand, manage, and express emotions positively which has been proven contribute to success of learning pro-cess. On the other hand, learning style is each individual's unique preference in absorbing information either visually, auditorily, or kinesthetically. Through a qualitative approach with library study method and this research found that emotional intelligence affects students' ability to recognize their learning style, manage academic stress, and increase motivation and perseverance in learning. In the Islamic perspective, emotional intelligence is in line with values such as patience, empathy, tawakal, and sincere and is strengthened through learning that is in accordance with students' learning styles. This study emphasizes the importance of integrating emotional intelligence and learning styles that are in line with Islamic values and can create more effective, flexible, and meaningful learning.

Background. One of the key factors that determine the success of learning is the teacher's ability to identify students' learning styles. Each individual has a unique learning style—such as visual, auditory, or kinesthetic—which influences how they absorb, process, and understand information. However, many teachers, especially at the elementary school level, still face challenges in recognizing and adapting their teaching methods to meet students' learning needs.Aims. The training program for enhancing teachers' competence in identifying students' learning styles aims to improve teachers' understanding and ability to implement teaching strategies that align with the individual needs of students. The training materials covered an introduction to four types of learning styles (visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and verbal) and effective methods for identifying these styles, including diagnostic assessments and direct observation. Result. The evaluation results indicated a significant improvement in participants' understanding and skills, supported by questionnaire data and direct observations. This training provided new insights and practical strategies for teachers to create more effective and adaptive learning experiences tailored to students' needs.Conclusion. This training provided new insights and practical strategies for teachers to create more effective and adaptive learning experiences tailored to students' needs.Implementation.This training was conducted at SDN Pelandakan 1, targeting teachers from SDN Pelandakan 1 and SDN Pelandakan 2, involving 45 to 50 participants. The training methods included interactive lectures, practical simulations, and reflection-based evaluations.

The aim of this study is to examine the relationships between academic self-efficacy, student engagement, and learning styles of students in different sports sciences departments, and to identify which learning style leads to more effective learning during student engagement. A total of 629 students, including 355 male and 274 female participants, voluntarily took part in the study. These students were enrolled in three universities in the Aegean region of Turkey: Ege University, Celal Bayar University, and Adnan Menderes University. Scales measuring academic self-efficacy, student engagement, and learning styles were used to assess the students' characteristics. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, cluster analysis, multivariate analysis of variance, and post-hoc tests were conducted for data evaluation. The results revealed a low positive correlation between the subdimensions of all three scales. Students with high academic self-efficacy preferred both verbal and visual learning styles, with a stronger preference for verbal styles. Additionally, male students with high academic self-efficacy used both verbal and visual learning styles more frequently than their female counterparts. These findings highlight the influence of self-efficacy on learning preferences and engagement in the academic context.

There has been strong advocate that through effective inter-organizational learning (inter-OL), construction project efficiency and effectiveness can be improved. In this regard, some researchers recommended exploring the possible ways to facilitate interOL. It has been suggested that project team members may have different learning styles that shape how they imbibe knowledge, communicate, solve problems and make decisions. Through understanding the learning styles, members can realize each others’ strengths and weaknesses in learning. Thus, appropriate strategies can be adopted for facilitating others’ learning. Some researchers have used the Learning Style Questionnaire (LSQ) developed by Honey and Mumford (1982) to measure the learning styles of the individuals. Nevertheless, the reliability of the LSQ in measuring the learning styles of the project team members has yet been examined. This paper reports a study that aims to examine the use of the LSQ in identifying the learning styles of members from two types of firms: the contractor firms and the consultant firms. Data were obtained from a questionnaire survey in Hong Kong and were analyzed by using Cronbach alphas reliability testing, Pearson correlation Analysis and Analysis of Variance. The results suggested that LSQ is reliable in identifying the learning styles of the respondents. Furthermore, the respondents from the consultant firms are found to be flexible in adopting different learning styles to grasp experience and transform it to knowledge. In contrast, respondents from the contractor firms are oriented towards a Reflector learning style when transforming experience to knowledge. This suggests that longer time is needed when actions are required to be taken in response to environmental change.

Stool characteristics are of great value to assess diseases, but patients knew little. E-learning applied in health popularization and patient education is booming. In China, WeChat applets has advantages of abundant users, convenient access and low cost, which may be a great media in patient education on stool. This preliminary study aims to develop and evaluate a stool card WeChat applet. We collected stools images during 2020 to 2022 in the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, constructed a stool card applet named the Doctor Friend Primary Screening Stool Card (DFPSSC) and evaluated it. Eligible participants were divided into the applet, traditional paper media and control group. We implement a series of tests to evaluate the effectiveness. 20 clinicians and participants using the DFPSSC completed a questionnaire to evaluate the usability. We developed the DFPSSC for an E-learning approach. Of 108 volunteers, 97 completed the DFPSSC learning. No significant pretest differences were found among the three groups (P = 0.303). Applet group had significantly higher posttest scores than pretest scores in intervention (P < 0.001, d = 1.68) and simulation (P = 0.006) test, and it had higher scores than other two group (P < 0.001). 63% participants and 59% clinicians strongly agree or agree to the usability of DFSSC. This preliminary study verified that the DFPSSC can effectively improve participants’ knowledge of feces, making it an effective clinical tool for patient education and the avoidance of treatment delay.