Team Project Process Oriented on Acquiring Competence in an Open Distance Learning System

Present study aims to explore the system assessment mechanism of Open Distance Learning (ODL) system followed by Allama Iqbal Open University. It further purports to find out the perception of teachers and students about the system assessment in instructional design mechanism of ODL. Present study was descriptive in nature and survey design was used. Population of the study comprised students and faculty members of Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad. By using convenient sampling technique, data was collected through questionnaire from 100 teachers and 300 students. Three point Likert scale was developed by researchers which consists of five subscales including Course Development, Course Delivery, Admission Procedure, Student Support Service and Assessment and Evaluation. Questionnaire consists of 30 statements and its Cronbach Alpha reliability was .81. Findings of the study revealed that ODL system in AIOU comprised five major dimensions while some of those need improvement. It is recommended that AIOU may develop a framework of assessment based on systematic process of identifying, analyzing and assessing the present needs and issues of students and university by shifting its trend towards online workshops and assignments on Learning Management System (LMS), etc.

Educational technology or learning technology is a tool to facilitate the teaching and learning process and improve performance through its use and management of technology. Educational technology can change the learning and teaching process in various school institutions, both elementary and middle level (SMA). Educational technology can make it possible to change students in learning both in various tasks or materials that they may not be able to see directly by the teacher. Technology is also a practice and development, utilization, and evaluation in the learning process. By incorporating educational technology into learning, students will find it easier to do school assignments. Educators can provide technology for students to provide learning experiences to students that may be able to realize student desires. The use of educational technology must be adapted to educational goals that involve the use of technology that can change the role of educators and students in improving thinking skills and solving problems. Educational technology really supports the teaching and learning process, because attractive learning media is a means to improve the quality of education. Educational technology has good facilities and educational media can improve the quality of education, make learning more efficient, effective and get maximum results from the teaching and learning process. Especially in this day and age the use of educational technology is very useful because it can make it easier for students when learning when they are not face to face and educational technology is now also growing rapidly. Educational technology is expected to increase learning innovation and can facilitate students in various learning problems. If learning is as effective, efficient and better, the learning process will be realized optimally.

Distance learning and teaching plays an important role in modern distance education. This paper summarizes the Innovations in the Process of Learning and Teaching in Modern Distance Education, in which it based on the P. Bourdieu's theory of field to explore the innovative practice. The paper first discusses the process of distance learning and teaching and then makes an analysis of it from the perspective of P. Bourdieu's field theory. Furthermore, it describes a number of innovations undertaken in Hebei Radio & TV University in terms of curriculum structure and organization, individual and social interaction, which is hoped to bring some enlightenment to the distance learning and teaching.

Nowadays, social media tools used in all fields such as politics, health, economy, transportation, public services are also used in the learning and teaching process. The main aim of this research is to investigate academic administrators’ and faculty members’ perceptions concerning the reasons and the expectations of social media usage in the teaching and learning process. With this purpose, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 20 academic teaching faculty members from different academic units, titles, and positions at Aksaray University in Turkey. According to the findings of this research, the use of social media in the teaching and learning process was similar in terms of faculty that use or not use. In this study, both the benefits and challenges of using social media for teaching and learning purposes were identified. It has been determined that the faculty members who use social media prefer YouTube most and even the ones against find YouTube useful and use them effectively in their courses. The motives stated by the faculty that use social media were; student-centered reasons such as students’ preference to use these environments, contributing to students’ perceptions and learning, fast and effective communication with students, as well as accessibility and equal opportunities in education. Those who do not prefer to use social media claimed the students’ unethical behavior in these platforms, the difficulty of creating a traditional classroom environment, and maintaining the relationship between the learner and the teacher. As a result, in order to integrate social media tools with the teaching and learning process, it is necessary to raise awareness of faculty members and students and to use social media tools that have a code of ethics, appropriate and can be integrated into the learning environments.

This study assessed teachers' perceptions and attitudes regarding integrating tablet computers into the teaching and learning process. A mixed-methods approach and a descriptive design were employed. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was used to assess teachers' perceived usefulness, ease of use, behavioral intention to use, attitudes toward tablet computers, and challenges associated with the use of tablet computers in the learning and teaching process. Sixty-four (64) respondents participated in the study and were selected through purposive sampling during a face-to-face session held in December 2023 at Morogoro-Campus. Data in this study were collected using questionnaires and interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. The findings revealed that teachers generally perceived tablets as effective teaching tools and expressed satisfaction with their use in the teaching and learning process. However, the study highlighted a lack of training for teachers on incorporating tablet computers into classroom. Key barriers included insufficient technical support, connectivity issues, and time constraints. 76.6% (f = 49) of the respondents believed that providing clear and appropriate information on how, when, and where to use tablets would enhance their effectiveness in teaching. Respondents also emphasized the importance of training teachers in the use of tablet computers to ensure that they are equipped with the necessary skills to integrate technology effectively into their teaching practices. The study recommends providing in-service training for teachers on utilizing tablet computers in education.

Nowadays in higher education it is important integration of new information and communication technologies into the learning and teaching process. Fastest development of computer technologies and the Internet as a communication platform has motivated higher education institutions to start to think about integration of e-learning system on teaching and learning process on their university. E-learning is becoming progressively more important in higher education environment. Teacher is one of the most important stockholder for integration of e-learning. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the perception of teachers' attitudes towards e-learning. In this study were analyzed 49 teachers teaching in 2 major faculties in University of Tetovo, in Macedonia. The results show that a significant number of teachers agree about the plan to blend the present teaching method with e-learning, on the other hand, a great number of teachers not agree to replace traditional teaching method with e-learning. The results show that the number that prefer using traditional teaching method is the same with those that not agree. There is no any significant correlation between teacher' attitudes towards various e-learning according to gender and faculty. Results shows that teachers' attitudes have important role towards e-learning in teaching process. These results can be a good example for creation a platform or framework for the implementation of e-learning environment in the teaching and learning process on higher education. In addition, the results of the study can serve as an important factor for the improvement and development of the educational process supported by the use of technology, thus implementing an e-learning system in order to help and facilitate the students in their studies.

A Novel Dynamic Fuzzy Sets Method Applied to Practical Teaching Assessment on Statistical Software

Drypoint refers to an intaglio sub-section printmaking technique (non-acid technique) of which a rough needle is used to make scratches across the plate (metal or copper plate) surfaces. Since March 2020, the education system is one of the sectors which has been affected by the pandemic and the process of teaching and learning was determined to be delivered through Open Distance Learning (ODL). Since drypoint printmaking is a part of the Fine Art education syllabus, this research aims to explore an alternative in drypoint printmaking, especially in the exploration of material and techniques without compromising the aesthetic and rules in drypoint. The method that will be used in this research is qualitative research through exploratory action research approach. This method is significant in terms of exploring other alternatives in substituting the role of equipment such as etching press and other possible materials. In this research, the comparative method from the aspect of material and technique will be used since it involves comparing circumstances, classes, cultures, or anything that are similar and yet different in comprehensible ways. The outcome from this study will produce the result of whether the alternative method and technique can achieve the same kind of quality as the common practice of the drypoint printmaking technique. Based on the findings, the researcher will develop a formal guideline for educators and art practitioners to expand this alternative technique as an approach in achieving the best quality of drypoint printmaking artworks without having to worry about lack of experience in an art studio environment or complete equipment. In the future, there should be more exploration, especially on the alternative material and technique in Drypoint printmaking.

There is no ideal class, but there are many ways to make teaching more interesting and better, putting an emphasis on the student as the main subject in the teaching process. No form of teaching work is perfect, it is very important not to keep the same principle of work and combine teaching and working methods according to the teaching unit (lesson) and class. Electronic social networks support independent learning management, learning through interactive communication, cooperation, knowledge creation and creation of a learning chain of interested and active actors. The Internet relocates the learning process from schools to cafes and other private environments, according to the principle of mobile classrooms. However, at present time of distance learning, due to the COVID-19 pandemic current situation, the student is allowed to be able to plan both the time and place for learning, following its own interests and using the electronic media. In that way, students easily and quickly become more independent for self-education process and preparation for lifelong learning, which becomes a lifestyle in new technological conditions. New information society challenges many dimensions of the traditional functioning of the education system. What is indisputable is the role and importance of education, both for the survival and development of society and individuals. Modern technologies have radically changed the physiognomy of modern society, needs and the way of meeting needs, and standards in all levels of social life. There is a constant need for a new education policy and strategy. New technologies create new work organization, the need for new occupations and educational backgrounds. Many problems in the society arise precisely in the field of education. The problem of educational efficiency, unclear competencies acquired through simple reproduction of existing educational profiles, without new educational competencies for the completely new occupations, the traditional way of education, with reproduction of learned, without clear vision of usefulness and usability of knowledge, are just some of the manifest forms of crisis society-education. The application of new educational technology is a requirement of the new education strategy, from which is being expected to increase the efficiency of educational and learning process. A society that is unprepared to implement modern technological achievements is doomed to stagnation, as well as to numerous conflicts and marginalization. On the other hand, investing in education, modernizing the premises in education, content and educational technology, has a reciprocal impact on the development of society. In the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, the information age proved to be appropriate and much needed by proving to be adequate to change traditional notions about matter, space, time, energy, and even about education. In these conditions, the role of teachers, schools, education, the nature of learning, and the methodology of teaching has changed. The new living conditions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic have fundamentally changed the way teaching, business, entertainment, war technology, and educational technology. Educational technology consists of knowledge and achievements in various scientific fields: pedagogy, didactics, methodology, psychology, cybernetics, communication, etc. In these conditions, teaching methodology must rely on modern educational technology, on a systematic and organized process of applying modern techniques and technology in improving the quality of the teaching process in the field of efficiency, optimality, applicability and acquisition of knowledge. Knowledge, use and application of modern information technologies, in these conditions, is the content of modern literacy and cultural pattern. All of these are challenges for the methodology in teaching social sciences and humanities. The methodology of teaching social sciences and humanities is, more than the methodology of any other science field, facing important challenges. All the changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in society and life, through the teaching social sciences and humanities, should be approximated, explained, and interpreted in a way that will not distance these sciences from high school students, who will not create a repulsive attitude, "bogy" incomprehensible reading, as boring classes to be avoided. Precisely through the use of the possibilities of modern technologies, the teaching work should be refreshed, innovated and activated, so that the knowledge is updated both in the content and in the teaching-methodological sense. Finally, our hypothesis set at the beginning of this theoretical study is confirmed, modern forms of work and innovative approaches in the educational process are the future of the educational process. Expert authors agree that there are no good results without the application of educational technology, new methods and forms of work in the teaching process. Developed societies have long used this method and we can say that this is one of the reasons for their development and progress. However, appreciating all the above, the recommendation and conclusion of this paper is that with the use of new benefits and advantages in teaching, as well as the current need for distance learning, which is only feasible due to the COVID-19 pandemic, do not forget to use traditional teaching style as reliable support for performing and adequately placing educational tasks today and in the future. Spoken word is in any case an irreplaceable variant to which we should return according to the social crisis caused by the mentioned problems.

The increasing technology as changed the learning methods nowadays which clearly presents a new challenge to educators. Moreover, following the COVID-19 pandemic that hit the world at this time completely inhibits the teaching and learning process to be done entirely online. This clearly presents difficulties to teachers and students, as there are subjects that require practice to improve skills and better understanding. Among the limited access for teachers during the online learning and teaching process is that teachers can only explain and display pictures and show videos. At the same time, students need skills and understanding related to a subject studied. Also, students may not be able to accurately identify the types of systems found in the subjects studied. For example, for aquaculture subjects, the process of online teaching and learning can actually be done. However, this subject also requires practical and field work for students. In aquaculture subjects, in particular, teaching aids play an important role in understanding the cage farming system concept in the teaching process because there are various farming systems used in the aquaculture industry. The development of teaching aid is a crucial phase to make sure the teaching aids develop in accordance with the objectives and topics learning. Therefore, it is important to have an expert perception of the development and usability of the Teaching Aids kit mini model (Cage system). This study consisted of 9 experts as an evaluator consisting of experienced lecturers in the technical field of Faculty Technical. This study uses a quantitative assessment method (questionnaire).  A set of questionnaires was distributed to the experts to obtain the required information and data. All data obtained were analyzed using computer software' Statistical Package For Social Science SPSS version 24 to obtain the frequency, percentage and mean through descriptive statistic. The study's findings show that the level of experts' perception of “Teaching Aids kit mini model (Cage system) development and usability is necessary and positive. The study's conclusion illustrates the need for the development of a teaching aids kit mini model (cage system) for teachers to increase the level of understanding and skills of individual students in the teaching and learning process for aquaculture subjects.

The covid-19 pandemic caused the elimination of all activities that are usually carried out by almost everyone in the world, especially learning activities at various levels. Based on the Higher Education Law number 12 of 2012, article 31 concerning Distance Education (PJJ) is a learning process that is carried out remotely through the use of various communication and information media. Therefore, since the covid outbreak, distance education is now widely applied in the learning process almost all over the world. This study aims to determine the application of distance education in SIDH Netherlands and SIKL Malaysia during the pandemic, and to find out the obstacles in the application of distance education in SIDH Netherlands and SIKL Malaysia during the pandemic. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques in this study using interview techniques. The results of the study state that SIDH in the Netherlands and SIKL Malaysia have implemented the PJJ (Distance Education) system since 2008, with Distance Learning being used to do this, automatically during this pandemic, students are not surprised by the online learning provided. teachers (educators), but there are also some obstacles faced during the teaching and learning process during the pandemic. Whereas in SIKL Malaysia, distance education was implemented when there was covid-19, so all students study at their respective homes. In its application, there are several obstacles in the learning process, one of which is signal constraints. The teachers from the two scools have coshen the best method for their students so that learning can be carried out optimally. And it is hoped that in learning to apply health protocols so that students and teacherscan carry out learning activities comfortably.

Theoretical and methodical bases of management concepts, information and digital technologies implementation into the educational environment in the conditions of distance teaching and learning are analyzed.The purpose of the paper is to develop a comprehensive pedagogical model of distance teaching and learning organization in the conditions of implementation of network technology of students’ educational and creative activity management.The research methodology was determined by a set of methodological approaches (systemic, activity, competence, personality-developing) and was based on a pedagogical experiment which included ascertaining, forming and control stages.The results are as follows: it is well-proven that the only Internet platform for creation of educational SMART-environment in the higher education institution should be basic for organization of distance teaching and learning. It allows automation of teaching and learning processes, which is provided for a network contact of students and teachers in the interactive mode. Pedagogical model of distance teaching and learning organization in the conditions of network technology of student’s educational and creative activity management is offered. It consists of the pedagogical system components, diagnostic SMART-complex and methods of pedagogical influence. Technological stages and content of distance teaching and learning organization are justified in educational SMART-environment. Methods, forms and facilities of realization of the studied phenomenon are substantiated in the system of didactics educational complexes. It has been defined that the basic link of distance teaching and learning organization is a telecommunication environment, which includes: informatively-digital, educational-methodical and didactics contents. Experimental work performances have proved the substantial increase of high-quality indexes of the agrarian sphere students’ professional training (success, motivation, creative activity, productivity) in the conditions of implementation of network technology of students’ educational and creative activity management.The conclusion is that the realization of this pedagogical model in the system of distance teaching and learning allows to intensify considerably students’ creative activity, to promote a level of their internal motivation, to deepen the level of independence and individualization of studies, that in a result is determined by the high level of future specialists’ professionally-creative competence development.

Indonesia began to be affected by Covid-19 in early 2020, of course, this will give changes to all sectors of life. One sector that has also felt the impact is the education sector. On March 24, 2020, the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia issued a government circular number 4 of 2020 concerning the Implementation of Education Policy in an Emergency for the Spread of COVID, by stipulating the provisions of the teaching and learning process starting from tertiary to basic education levels to be carried out online or learning at home. This distance learning course provides new challenges for teachers, students, and parents, in its implementation. This research aims to find out more clearly how the distance learning process and what obstacles are faced by teachers, students, and parents at SDN 3 Banjar Sari during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The method used in this research is qualitative research methods. This type of research uses a multi-case study design. Research results: the teacher has tried to do several learning methods, but until now there is no method that is considered the most effective in the teaching and learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic. Each method used by the teacher does not escape from various obstacles and shortcomings. Even so, teachers still try their best to carry out their duties in order to realize the goals of education.

The purpose of this study is to discuss Meaningful Learning in Professional and Technological Education in distance learning, highlighting the concept and strategies used to obtain a planning model, which covers definitions and characteristics essential to the teaching and learning processes, to achieve of equitable education for all. In this way, the purpose of approaching the topic was to present the importance of meaning in the teaching and learning processes, as well as to provide answers to the questions: What is Meaningful Learning?; What planning strategies and educational elements can contribute to achieving Meaningful Learning in Professional and Technological Education, being conducted remotely?; What benefits can Meaningful Learning bring to Professional and Technological Education, in distance learning? The study was conducted in a qualitative approach of an exploratory nature, using as sources some specialized references in educational bases that endorse and discuss the terms planning, didactic process, educational platform, and the definitions of teacher, student, evaluation, affectivity and accessibility. In this way, we intend to present the importance of terms that, used in the light of Meaningful Learning, provide an increase in motivation and the consolidation of the process of anchoring knowledge in Professional and Technological Education, in distance learning. The results showed that well-structured and contextualized planning in light of the theoretical bases of education listed, together with the Theory of Multiple Intelligences, contribute to learning full of meanings, by providing greater identification of the student's needs.

Evaluation Analysis of Teaching and Learning Process forthe Undergraduate Mechanical Engineering Program of West Sumatera Muhammadiyah Unversity in the Post Accreditation of B. This evaluation of TLP (Teaching and Learning Process) is done as a source to analyze the acquireeachievements after the enactment of the 2016 curriculum. The analitical results are expected as input to be able to further quality improvement ofeducation inthe Mechanical Engineeringprogramof West Sumatera Muhammadiyah University. The evaluation was done by giving questions to 17 students of 2017 class and 14 students of2018 class for 32 courses inthe semester of 1, 2, 3 and 4. Questions were made in the statementof 12 sentences, That are foursentences regarding to the material understanding, foursentences regarding to the learning process and foursentences regarding to the teaching process. Number 1 means not-agree, 2 means disagree, 3means quite agree, 4 means agree and 5means strongly agree. If this statement is truly agreed, it means that the TLP process has gone well as expected. Recapitulation of all answering results is obtained an average of 3.92, very close to the number 4 (agree)which may be interpreted thatthe educational process in the Mechanical Engineering programof West Sumatera Muhammadiyah Unversityis satisfiedappropriateto an accreditation obtainedof B. The answering variations of statements regardingmaterial understanding should probably become special attention to be reviewed. Keywords : evaluation, achievement, teaching and learning process, qulity, review