The Average Resolving Number of Graphs

Summary. Differences between estimated average heat flow values for the Mesozoic and Cenozoic formations (el) and estimated average heat flow values for the Palaeozoic formations below the erosional unconformity (Q2) are calculated for the Alberta part of the western Canadian sedimentary basin. Significant heat flow differences exist for these two intervals and the map of AQ = Ql - Q2 shows that Q2 is generally greater than Ql in the western and south-western part of Alberta, while in the northern part of the province Q2 is generally less than Ql. The regional variations of AQ are large, with standard deviation of 26 mW m-’ and average value - 13.5 mW m-2. A regional trend of AQ correlates with topographic relief and the hydraulic head variations in the basin. It is shown that there is a heat flow increase with depth in water recharge areas and a decrease in heat flow with depth in the low topographic elevation water discharge areas when comparing the average heat flow in Mesozoic + Cenozoic and Palaeozoic formations.

This research is to examine efforts to increase the capacity of teachers at SMP Negeri 29 South Jakarta in the implementation of Management Standards, and must focus more on improving the quality of human resources, especially increasing the ability of teachers at SMP Negeri 29 South Jakarta in implementing Management Standards. School Action Research (PTS) was designed in two cycles, from the stages of planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The subjects of this study were 28 teachers at SMP Negeri 29 South Jakarta. Methods of data collection through observation sheets and documentation. The results of the research implementation show that the assessment of the Accreditation Administration Tool in the initial conditions average value of 60.00 and is included in the Enough category, in the first cycle the average value of acquisition is 69.33 and is still in the Enough category, while in the second cycle both acquisitions have an average acquisition value of 85.00 and are still in the Good category. There is an increase of 15.07 points, from cycle I to cycle II. Assessment of the implementation of Management Standards in the initial conditions the average value was 58.57 and included in the Enough category, in the first cycle the average acquisition value was 69.52 and still included in the Enough category, while in the second cycle the average value was the acquisition was 87.50 and still included in the Very Good category, there was an increase from cycle I to cycle II, which was 17.98 points.

Batteries are an important part of the power generation system, both solar power plants and motorized vehicle electrical systems. Battery capacity is something that must be considered for these various activities, because a decrease in battery capacity results in disruption of power distribution to users. The battery in this study is a battery or accumulator. The sample image is obtained using a thermal camera to determine the characteristics of the battery based on color. The basis for identifying characteristics is obtained by separating the RGB color components in the thermal image. Each color component will calculate the average pixel intensity value and see the difference in the resulting value. The results showed that the distinguishing characteristic between the sampling conditions was that the green pixel intensity mean value when the battery was being charged was higher than the condition of the battery before being charged and the condition of the battery when it was loaded. The average value when the battery is on the power side is 107 pixels green, while the average value when the battery is before charging is 81 pixels green and when the battery is loaded the average green value is 82 pixels.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) may contribute to the increasing frequency of metabolic disorders. Intermittent hypoxia (IH) is a major characteristic of the syndrome. However, the existing indices of hypoxia in sleep cannot express accurately the effect of the mild desaturations. In this study, a total of 51 patients without other comorbidities were examined by polysomnography (PSG). Hypoxia parameters were analyzed, in the intervals with low values of SpO2 signal. More specifically, the thresholds were set at 94 and 92% and the average value (M) of the SpO2 signal, in areas below thresholds, were calculated. Moreover, the desaturations were analyzed, together with their duration within the recording in terms of SpO2 signal parameters. The patients’ blood sample was analyzed for metabolic parameters. In total, 28 individuals were diagnosed with severe OSAS, (Apnea Hypopnea index (AHI) 59.11 ± 26.10/h, averSpO2 91.64 ± 4.50%, minSpO2 78.18 ± 10.26%, t < 90 21.42 ± 28.64 and ODI 35.48 ± 33.79/h). A statistically significant correlation between the average M92 value with insulin levels (r = 0.401, p < 0.03) and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) (r = 0.431, p < 0.022) was displayed. Likewise, a correlation between the amount of desaturations and fasting glucose (r = 0.400, p < 0.035) was observed. Moreover, a statistically significant correlation between the desaturations’ average value with insulin (r = 0.378, p < 0.047) and CRP (r = 0.400, p < 0.035) levels was also revealed. A strong correlation also emerged from the cumulative desaturations’ duration as recorded by the SpO2 signal with fasting glucose levels (r = 0.964 p < 0.001), glycosylated hemoglobin (r = 0.860, p < 0.000) and HOMA index (r = 0.580, p < 0.001). The results suggest that the Hypoxia factors derived from SpO2 signal analysis, are strongly correlated with the insulin resistance and with fasting glucose levels. The correlations of the proposed hypoxia parameters were found to be stronger than the already known hypoxia indices, deriving from the PSG, however a more extended analysis is necessary in order to consolidate the findings of this study.

Different lignocellulosic biomass sources were characterized energetically along a study period of two years in Huelva (southwestern region in Spain) for energy production. Then, the different kinds of lignocellulosic biomass obtained from these sources were evaluated and classified according to use, such as fuel for electric power generation in the area. The groupings of the average moisture content values and average gross heating values (over dry basis) of the samples analyzed were made based on the type of material, and for larger groups (with a significant dispersion of the gross heating values), the average values were estimated in subgroups or “characteristic groups.” A six-cluster scheme allowed us to classify the different groups of materials. The average gross heating values of the six different clusters (raw materials) showed significant similarities. It was observed that softwood and related materials typically have values in the region of 20.0 MJ/kg, and hardwood, such as that from Eucalyptus globulus, yields about 18.0 MJ/kg, whereas other deciduous plants (and their residues) give lower values.

This study aims to determine the application of cooperative learning models of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) type on learning to improve student learning outcomes. The subject of this research was the tenth grade students of SMAN 1 Batang Onang. This type of research is Classroom Action Research. The research design used was the Kemmis and Mc model. Taggart which includes the stages of planning, action and observation, and reflection. The data collection instruments used were observation sheets, student activity scale, and LKS. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative and quantitative data analysis. Based on the results of data analysis in the first cycle of meeting I showed an increase in student mathematics learning outcomes. Research Results, namely an increase in student learning outcomes The average grade value when the pre test is only 38.67. The class average value increased by 63 in cycle I. The average grade value in the first cycle still did not meet the KKM set by the school. In the second cycle the average value of the class experienced an increase of 85.33. Classical learning completeness in the first cycle was only 53%. In cycle II classical learning completeness becomes 96%. This shows an increase in students' classical learning completeness by 43%.

Validation of the Rotstand model for simulating Heterobasidion annosum root rot in Picea abies stands

This study is action research with subjects of this study were fifth grade students of SD Negeri 01 Duwet which consists of 25 students . The variables of this study are student learning outcomes in learning volleyball on material passing down . Data collection techniques in this study consist of a class action practice test method , observation , and documentation . The analysis technique used is descriptive analysis using the techniques of classical completeness percentages are compared with indicators of success . The results showed an increase in the average acquisition value and the percentage of student mastery . In the first cycle, the average value is 60.97 students increased to 71.50 in the second cycle . While the percentage of completeness in the first cycle was 44 % with a qualifying was increased to 76 % with higher qualifications in the second cycle . Based on the results of this study concluded that learning under volleyball passing through modification bolvi compass games can improve learning outcomes volleyball in grade V Elementary School District 01 Duwet Bojong Kab Pekalongan.

Short-term climatology of PM10 at a high altitude background station in southern Europe

The current study is considered as the first baseline data for the natural radioactivity concentrations in vegetables, fruits and grain products from the Qassim region. Furthermore, the measurements of the heavy metals concentrations in the selected domestic food products were performed. In order to measure the radionuclides concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in vegetables, fruits, and grain products samples, γ-ray spectrometer NaI(Tl) was used. Before measurements, the samples required preparations. ARL Quant’X energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) was also used for measurement of heavy metals concentrations in the domestic food products samples. In the present study, the average and range values of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in vegetables samples were 2.18 (0.32–5.68) Bq/Kg, 2.22 (0.47–8.16) Bq/Kg and 751.83 (258.0–1269.1) Bq/Kg. The radionuclides concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in fruits were 3.71 (0.18–8.05) Bq/Kg, 2.94 (0.84–7.83) Bq/Kg and 426.25 (156.4–905.9) Bq/Kg. Furthermore, the average and range of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in grain products samples were 1.57 (0.90–2.87) Bq/Kg, 1.53 (0.27–2.93) Bq/Kg and 730.0 (264.7–1172.8) Bq/Kg. Hence, the average annual effective doses resulting from intake of vegetables, fruits and grain products samples were 20.2 μSv·y−1, 31.6 μSv·y−1 and 152.1 μSv·y−1 for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K respectively. The average and range values of Fe were higher than tolerance value determined by FAO/WHO but its average value was within the range of other published studies. Regarding to annual ingestion dose, the present study shows that no risk to public health resulting from domestic products. Furthermore, heavy metals such as Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, As and Pb were measured and their values were not reported in the all samples.

The article based on the method of statistical frequency stabilization deals with the issues of increasing frequency stability and synchronization of the forming HF signals in a transmitting device of a localizer using a multichannel variant of construction. It was demonstrated that the available digital unit of frequency and phase correction allows easy application of the proposed method. Two main features of the localizer operation affecting frequency stability and phase synchronization of HF signals are noted. The first factor is determined by deviation of the present -HF signal frequency (on the measurement interval) from the average (i) frequency value in n-channel. The second one is related to average frequency variation of each of the forming HF signals and its deviation within the (i) value from the nominal value during localizer operation. On the basis of HF signals description in channels of the transmitting device of a localizer ratios are obtained determining optimal values in terms of the method of least square method as (i) deviations of the present frequency values from the average value as well as variations of average frequency values during localizer operation. The article considers the most significant, from an applicatory point of view, case of assessment covering only deviations of the present HF signals frequency values from the average value on the measurement interval. It is shown that application of the method of statistical frequency stabilization allows the transmitting device of a localizer including N channels of HF signals formation to increase frequency stability and HF signals phase synchronization times. That enables to improve accuracy of forming integrated and difference directivity diagrams and setting heading in the runway direction as well. Apart from that, on the basis of the received values of frequency parameters estimation and relative instability of the forming HF signals a decision can be made about the condition of the controlled parameter by the criterion STANDARD-DETERIORATION-ACCIDENT.

This study aims to determine the application of cooperative learning models of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) type on learning to improve student learning outcomes. The subject of this research was the tenth grade students of SMAN 1 Batang Onang. This type of research is Classroom Action Research. The research design used was the Kemmis and Mc model. Taggart which includes the stages of planning, action and observation, and reflection. The data collection instruments used were observation sheets, student activity scale, and LKS. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative and quantitative data analysis. Based on the results of data analysis in the first cycle of meeting I showed an increase in student mathematics learning outcomes. Research Results, namely an increase in student learning outcomes The average grade value when the pre test is only 38.67. The class average value increased by 63 in cycle I. The average grade value in the first cycle still did not meet the KKM set by the school. In the second cycle the average value of the class experienced an increase of 85.33. Classical learning completeness in the first cycle was only 53%. In cycle II classical learning completeness becomes 96%. This shows an increase in students' classical learning completeness by 43%. Keywords: Teams Games Tournament (TGT) Learning Model, Learning Outcomes

This report summarizes the 2019 results of the North Dakota Land Valuation Model. The model is used annually to estimate average land values by county, based on the value of production from cropland and non-cropland. The county land values developed from this procedure form the basis for the 2019 valuation of agricultural land for real estate tax assessment. The average value for all agricultural land in a county from this analysis is multiplied by the total acres of agricultural land on the county abstract to determine each county’s total agricultural land value for taxation purposes. The State Board of Equalization compares this value with the total value assessed to agricultural property in each county. The average value per acre of all agricultural land in North Dakota increased by 2.72 percent from 2018 to 2019 based on the value of production. The formula cost of production index value used in the 2019 analysis was 209.56. The formula capitalization rate was 4.51 percent. The capitalization rate had a larger effect on higher valuations compared to recent years. Cropland value increased, on average, 2.64 percent. Across individual counties, the cropland valuation ranged from a decrease of 4.29 percent to an increase of 6.99 percent. County values had small increases and decreases depending on crop mix and cropland to non-cropland percentages. Non-cropland values increased 5.52 percent. Generally, valuations for counties with a higher percentage of livestock increased partly due to increased calf prices for the current year replacing the lower oldest year in the data set. Changes in market value are included for comparison. Market value data are from the annual County Rents and Prices survey conducted by the North Dakota Department of Trust Lands.

Sporadic information is available on morphological traits of Kalahandi, a medium size non-descript goat population of Kalahandi district of Odisha, but no information is found on its genetic diversity. Therefore, an attempt was made to measure the genetic diversity in Kalahandi goat population using 25 microsatellite markers. Genomic DNA isolated from blood samples drawn at random from 50 individuals were utilized for this study. PCR amplified products were used for genotyping on the automatic DNA sequencer. The data were analysed applying different softwares to estimate the various measures of genetic diversity. The average number of observed allele was 11.08 and the effective average number of allele was 4.29. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.11 to 0.98 and the expected heterozygosity from 0.11 to 0.87 respectively. Average PIC value ranged from 0.45 (ILSTS044) to 0.91 (OMHC1) with the average value 0.79. Average Fis value for markers tested in Kalahandi goat population ranged from 0.07 at ILSTS030 to 0.67 at OarAE129. Among the negative values it ranged from -0.36 (RM088) to -0.02 (ILSTS029). The mean F value was 0.02. There was no genetic bottleneck observed in Kalahandi goat population. The results suggested that all the microsatellite markers were highly polymorphic and suitable for molecular characterization of Kalahandi goats. There was substantial genetic variation and polymorphism across the studied loci in Kalahandi goats and the population was not in H.W equilibrium but in mutation drift equilibrium. The low inbreeding observed in Kalahandi flocks is a favourable parameter to formulate the appropriate breeding strategies to enhance heterozygosity in the population.

Measurements of radon gas concentrations with their progeny and the annual effective dose indoor the building of Al-Mustansiriyah University College of Science-Physics Department have been carried out by using time-integrated passive radon dosimeters solid state nuclear track detector CR-39 technique. The detectors with 1cm x1cm have been distributed over 70 places and suspended for sitting (1m) and standing (1.75m) positions in each location under study. The dosimetric measurements are made over a period of 90 days from 30 January 2014 to 30 April 2014. The calibration process has been done using radium-226 source with known activity radiation. It has found that the indoor radon gas concentrations varing from 37.488±6.123Bg/m 3 to 58.670±7.660Bg/m 3 with an average value 51.398±7.156Bg/m 3 at 1m, and varing from 35.964±5.997Bg/m 3 to 56.994±7.549Bg/m 3 with an average value 47.057±6.847Bg/m 3 at 1.75m which are within the worldwide limits 148Bg/m 3 (EPA, 2003) and 200-300Bg/m 3 (ICRP, 2009). The annual effective dose of the inhalation exposure to radon gas has been estimated and this vary from 0.394mSv/y to 0.617mSv/y with an average value 0.540mSv/y at 1m, and varing from 0.378mSv/y to 0.599mSv/y with an average value 0.495mSv/y at 1.75m which are within the worldwide permissible limist 3-10mSv/y (ICRP, 1993). The potential alpha energy concentration found to vary from 4.053mWL to 6.343mWL with an average value 5.557mWL at 1m and vary from 3.888mWL to 6.162mWL with an average value 5.087mWL at 1.75m which are less than the recommended value 53.33mWL (UNSCEAR, 1993). The lung cancer cases per million person per year vary from 7.093 to 11.101 per million person per year with an average value 9.725 per million person per year at 1m and vary from 6.805 to 10.784 per million person per year with an average value 8.904 per million person per year which are less than the recommended range 170-230 per million person per year (ICRP, 1993). The number of decays per-minute using swabs measurements technique have been used for selected units within two swabs from building materials walls for each unite, with area of 100cm 2 using Ludlum 3030, the average of three swabs measurements have been calculated. Hence, the effectiveness of emitted alpha particles from the walls has been calculated to be varied from 0.00000 to 0.02222Bq/cm 2 with an average value 0.01169Bq/cm 2 at 1m and 0.01015Bq/cm 2 at 1.75m respectevily which are within the permissible limit 0.04Bq/cm 2 (Danial, 2010).