The Correlation Between Students’ Anxiety and Their Speaking Ability in EFL Classroom

The aims of the study are to know the advantage of achievement test in learning physics developed by utilizing item specifications and the ability distribution of tenth grade students at senior high school in Yogyakarta. The benefits of the research are to prepare test items, provide guidelines for teachers in writing quality items and produce learning achievement test that can be used on School Exams. This research is developmental research used the model suggested by OriondoDallo-Antonio. The subjects were tenth grade students. The limited test was tried out to 354 students in school with categories of high, medium and low. The wide scale test was tried out to 644 students on package A and package B. Item analysis was conducted by using qualitative and quantitative analysis. This research shows developed test in physics by utilizing item specifications had the advantage in producing more equate test the ability distributions of tenth grade students at senior high school in Yogyakarta were mostly at the average category.

Summary. Chronic stress leads to the chronicity of visceral and autonomic disorders, which indicates the possibility of autonomy of somatic disorders and justifies the relevance of this study. Depression, eating disorders and emotional stress make it difficult to control type 2 diabetes mellitus, which requires the intervention of a nurse. The aim of the study – to determine the level of anxiety and its effect on glucose concentration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus depending on the action of stress factors. Materials and Methods. To achieve this goal, 30 female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus aged 54–62 were interviewed using the Spielberger Alarm Scale (STAI) (Spilberger, 1983), in particular the Ukrainian-language modification of this scale, who applied for medical assistance to the Starosambir District Hospital. Respondents were interviewed twice: the first in 2021, the second time after the imposition of martial law (February 24, 2022), which was considered a stressor. Results. Under the influence of the stress factor, personal anxiety did not change, while a high level of situational anxiety prevailed (in 22 patients) and a low level of situational anxiety was not detected. Analysis of glucose levels showed its dependence on the level of situational anxiety, in particular, the highest concentration of glucose was recorded at high levels of anxiety. In patients with diabetes mellitus under stress, glucose levels were significantly higher at moderate (10.5 %) and high (12.6 %) levels of anxiety, according to such data in patients with diabetes without stress. Conclusions. Moderate levels of situational and personal anxiety predominate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Under conditions of stress, a high level of situational anxiety prevails, while personal anxiety is virtually unchanged. Under conditions of stress, glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus are likely to be higher at moderate (10.5 %) and high (12.6 %) levels of anxiety, according to such data in patients with diabetes without stress. In type 2 diabetes mellitus some dissatisfaction with life predominates, while the combination of diabetes and stress is characterized by 40 % of some dissatisfaction and 36.0 % of dissatisfaction with life

This study investigates how instructors use their mother tongue in an EFL classroom, which identifies how the instructor uses the mother tongue in the EFL class, regarding its frequency and function. Observational study methods are used in this study. In this study, the researcher observed an instructor in a foreign language class at a junior high school in Yogyakarta. Furthermore, an observation form framework is used to stay focused and the information captured is specific. This study uses an observational framework developed by Paker & Karaağaç (2015). Based on research findings that the use of mother tongue in foreign language classes uses 6 language functions. Of the 6 language functions, the use of the mother tongue is very often used with different purposes but still the mother tongue has a role as a liaison for the target language in order to achieve learning objectives in the classroom.

This study aimed to improve students’ speaking skills using Sims Freeplay through action research based on the Kemmis and McTaggart model, which includes five steps: reconnaissance, planning, action, observation, and reflection. The participants were 29 students from class XI-1 of a senior high school in Yogyakarta, consisting of 12 females and 17 males. Qualitative data were collected through observations and interviews, while quantitative data were gathered using pre-tests and post-tests. Data analysis involved five steps: assembling, coding, comparing, interpreting, and reporting the outcomes. The validity of the data was measured using democratic, outcomes, process, catalytic, and dialogic validity, while reliability was ensured through time triangulation. The results showed improvements in students’ speaking skills, with mean scores increasing from the pre-test (12.28) to post-test cycle I (13.28) and post-test cycle II (14.31), reflecting an 8% increase in cycle I and 9% in cycle II. Reflection from cycle I revealed improvements in vocabulary, fluency, pronunciation, grammar, and sentence organization. Anxiety levels decreased from a mean score of 14.87 to 12.66, while motivation increased from 17.21 to 20.20. Sims Freeplay proved to be an effective and engaging tool for learning English, significantly enhancing students’ speaking skills and creating a positive learning experience.

Psychological adaptation is a necessary component of rehabilitation of patients with ischemic heart disease. Post-infarction period is a special adaptation period for the patient, which requires a holistic approach taking into account both medical, physical and psychological components. High levels of anxiety in patients, both before surgical interventions, and in the postoperative period, worsen the prognosis that requires to improve the methods of rehabilitation.
 The objective of the research was to study the peculiarities of psychological adaptation in patients with ischemic heart disease, depending on reperfusion approaches and applied methods of rehabilitation.
 Materials and methods. There were examined 450 patients with ischemic heart disease using different methods of reperfusion interventions. Depending on the methods of rehabilitation, the patients were divided into three subgroups. The determination of levels of reactive and personal anxiety was performed at the beginning of treatment, 1 week, 1 month and 6 months after treatment.
 Results. There were revealed high levels of reactive and personal anxiety in patients with ischemic heart disease, which differed depending on the applied reperfusion interventions. The use of psychological methods at the stage of rehabilitation contributed to a decrease in anxiety levels a week after using suggestive therapy methods, and the effect of learning was noted a month and 6 months after the observation.
 Conclusions. One of the constituents of a cardiologic patient is his psychological status, namely the level of anxiety. For the effective adaptation, it is important to use the suggestive methods of therapy and training of patients. In patients, who are scheduled for surgical operation due to ischemic heart disease, a pre-rehabilitation with an individual approach is necessary.

Introduction. The work of a nurse in conditions of war or conflict imposes unique demands on her emotional state.
 The aim of the work – to study the level of anxiety in nursing students and to identify ways of its regulation.
 The main part. The paper analyzed the questionnaires of 19 students in the first year, nine in the second year, 10 in the third year, and 10 in the fourth year of the educational and Scientific Institute of Nursing of TNMU. The results showed that a third of future nurses have a high level of reactive anxiety, and half of them have an average level of personal anxiety. A decrease in anxiety was observed among fourth-year students compared to first-year students, which indicates the development of emotional stability during the learning process. Future nurses have a high level of anxiety associated with a sense of danger or failure in their studies and professional activities.
 Conclusions. The study confirms the high level of anxiety among nursing students, as well as the effectiveness of the training in reducing this anxiety. Psychological support and the development of anxiety management skills can improve these healthcare workers’ psychological well-being and professional performance.

INTRODUCTION: There were many patients, including adolescents, with dyspepsia symptoms in our daily clinical practice have been interacting with internet search engine to find medical information which induced or worsened their dyspeptic symptoms. Aim of the study is to know the pattern of internet browsing habit and dyspepsia syndrome in adolescents METHODS: Grade 12 level students of senior high schools in Yogyakarta, Indonesia were included in the study with stratified random sampling. Students with confirmed organic dyspepsia diagnosis were excluded. We use two simple questions to reveal the students internet browsing habit, question no 1:“Did you ever browse information about diseases in the internet?” (answer choice: a. never; b. once; c. more than once); question no 2.: “Did you ever browse information about your medical complaint in the internet?” (answer choice: a. never; b. once; c. more than once). We used validated Gastrointestinal Symptom score (GIS) to reveal the students dyspepsia symptoms. Data were analyzed with chi-square test and anova. RESULTS: There were 665 (477 girls and 188 boys) senior high school students (age range: 16-20 years old) included in this study. Based on question no 1 (Table 1) the result showed significantly different (P < 0.001) between students with and without the dyspepsia syndrome, and the question no 2 (Table 2) also showed similar result (P = 0.002). The anova between GIS and question no 1 showed significantly different (P < 0.001) and the similar result was also found between GIS and question no 2 (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Many patients with dyspepsia symptoms who came to our private and hospital clinics have been interacting with the internet search engine to find medical information about their symptoms including fake medical information that may influenced their psychogenic pain perception. This study showed that the internet browsing habit may influenced the development of dyspepsia syndrome in adolescents and further study is needed to find the cause and effect relationship.

Background: There were many patients, including adolescent, with dyspepsia symptoms in our daily clinical practice have been interacting with internet search engine to find medical information which induced or worsened their dyspeptic symptoms. Aim of the study is to know the pattern of internet browsing habit and dyspepsia syndrome in adolescentMethod: Grade 12 level students of senior high schools in Yogyakarta, Indonesia were included in the study with stratified random sampling method. Students with confirmed organic dyspepsia diagnosis were excluded. We use two simple questions to reveal the students internet browsing habit, question no 1 :“Did you ever browse information about diseases in the internet?” (answer choice: a.never;b.once;c.more than once); question no 2.: “Did you ever browse information about your medical complaint in the internet?” (answer choice: a.never;b.once;c.more than once). We used validated Gastrointestinal Symptom score (GIS) to reveal the students dyspepsia symptoms. Data were analyzed with chi-square test and anova.Results: There were 665 (477 girls and 188 boys) senior high school students (age range : 16-20 years old) included in this study. Based on question no 1, the result showed significantly different (p 0.001) between students with and without the dyspepsia syndrome, and the question no 2 also showed similar result (p=0.002). The anova between GIS and question no 1 showed significantly different ( p0.001) and the similar result was also found between GIS and question no 2 (p0.001). Conclusion:The internet browsing habit may influence the development of dyspepsia syndrome in adolescent and further study is needed to find the cause and effect relationship.

Junior and Senior High School is the period for what we called unstable of “Anak Baru Gede (ABG) ”. Application of high technology like internet, is the ordinary things for students of Junior and Senior High School in Yogyakarta, which is used for doing their homework. Nevertheless, high tech is usedfor looking friends through Facebook, Twitter, etc as well. Nowadays, ABG are always curious of the new things, that lead them to inappropriate research. Even more, lack of parents concern is impacted to immoral behavior. Besides, negative environment gives the fundamental factor to immoral behavior as well. Hence, it effected to mentally and morally degradation. The objective o f this research is for identifying the role of society to ABGs mischievousness in Yogyakarta. This research is used qualitative approach with case study 's methodology to obtain data and description related to ABG s mischievousness in Yogyakarta. Next, is using Logistic Regression analysis to analyze the connection. The result is Y=4. 7451.054 X equation. Hence, it concluded that increased one unit of society's role will decrease the degree of ABG s mischievousness by 1.054.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the project-based learning (PjBL) model compared to the cooperative learning (CL) model in improving the critical thinking skills and chemistry self-efficacy of class 10 students simultaneously and consecutively. This quasi-experimental study with a post-test-only control group design was conducted at Public Senior High School in Yogyakarta. The research sample consisted of 65 students from an experimental group of class 10 A 4, totaling 33 students, and a control group of class 10 A 1, totaling 32 students, obtained through cluster random sampling techniques. The instruments used were critical thinking ability tests and self-confidence questionnaires. Before being used, the instruments were tested for content and empirical validity, and normality tests and multivariate outlier tests were carried out, followed by unidimensional assumption tests, parameter invariance, and local independence. The experimental group was taught using the PjBL model, while the control group was taught using the CL model. Critical Thinking Skill Fest (CTST) and Chemistry Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES) were applied as post-tests only to students in both groups. One-way multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and post hoc test between subjects (Tukey Test) showed that applying the PjBL model was significantly better than applying the CL model on students' critical thinking skills and chemistry self-efficacy simultaneously and individually. The effectiveness of the PjBL model on students' critical thinking skills and chemistry self-efficacy simultaneously and individually is in the moderate category compared to the CL model. This research provides actionable insights into the advantages of implementing PjBL to improve critical thinking and self-efficacy among students. This research can serve as a reference for future research exploring the effectiveness of PjBl learning models in other subjects or educational levels.

Language learning in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and Society 5.0 era is required to produce students with 21st-century skills by increasing the capacity and capability of using technology in learning. Technology-based learning, known as cybergogy, is a continuity of learning paradigms that previously applied the principles of pedagogy and andragogy in the learning process. As a new concept in learning, cybergogy is essential in improving 21st-century skills in the form of the 6Cs (Citizenship, Character, Critical Thinking and Problem Solving, Communication, Creativity, and Collaboration). Enhancing communication skills through cybergogy-based learning is a novelty that has not been done much and has become the focal point of research. This research, part of development research using the ADDIE model, employed a quasi-experimental design conducted in 3 senior high schools in Yogyakarta, representing one school per category, namely the lower, medium, and high categories, based on UTBK scores. A non-equivalent control group design involving an experimental and control class was applied. The results of this study, which showed a significant improvement in students' communication skills, especially speaking aspects, through blended learning, are of great significance. Therefore, it can be concluded that cybergogy-based language learning has proven effective in improving students' communication skills through blended learning.

This study aims to determine the difference between Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) and Students Self Regulated Learning (SRL) before and after using e-module based on the 7E (elicit, engage, explore, explain, elaborate, evaluate, and extend) learning cycle on the buffer solution material, and to determine the percentage of its effectiveness. The research use a quasi experiment with one-group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this research were students of natural science 11th grade in one of senior high schools in Yogyakarta. The instrument used were test in the form of HOTS pretest-posttest description question and non-test in the form of self-regulated learning questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is Hotteling's T2 test. The results showed that the significance value was 0.000 < = 0.05, then H0 was rejected. There were differences in students' HOTS and SRL before and after using e-module based on the 7E learning cycle. The effectiveness of using e-module show by HOTS and SRL simultaneously (36.8%), HOTS (25.2%), and SRL (20.5%).

Introduction: Given the critical importance of math proficiency, considerable research has focused on identifying the factors that contribute to math achievement. Extensive research has demonstrated a negative correlation between math performance and mathematics anxiety, that is the anxiety that appears specifically when the subject has to deal with numbers. However, it is known that there are students who, despite having a high level of mathematics anxiety, manage to achieve adequate math performance. The present report focused specifically on the competence acquired by students characterized by a high level of mathematics anxiety. Materials and Method: The study involved students who were followed in their first year of secondary school. Students were assessed on two separate occasions: first at the end of the first term, and then again at the end of the second term. Based on the scores obtained in the anxiety questionnaire, students scoring above the mean by one standard deviation were categorized as having high levels of anxiety. Furthermore, based on the results obtained in the math test conducted at the end of the year, these high mathematics anxiety students were divided into two subgroups in relation to whether they had acquired the minimum levels of competence required by the school curriculum. Results: Pearson’s correlation coefficient shows an inverse relationship between the level of mathematics anxiety and the score obtained in the math test. However, the subgroup analysis shows that, compared to their peers who had not acquired the expected skills, students who are both highly math anxious and good math achievers present an equivalent high fear of judgement but a significantly higher interest in studying mathematics. Mathematics anxiety, even when high, does not necessarily prevent the acquisition of math skills. Discussion: The data are discussed in light of the different interpretations that students can provide of their state of anxiety when faced with the difficulty of the task to be solved: it is likely that interest in studying mathematics can counterbalance the fear of an unwanted judgment. Conclusions: Ultimately, results suggest taking proper account of individual heterogeneity of math anxious students and highlight the need to adopt a teaching approach that considers individual differences in the management of emotions.

Fear of COVID-19, problems accessing medical appointments, and subjective experience of disease progression, predict anxiety and depression reactions in patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Objectives: Only one community-based study has assessed religious group involvement and health outcomes among South Asians in the U.S., with mixed results. Here, using a large, South Asian community-based sample, the effects of six religious group involvement predictors – religious tradition, attendance, group prayer, giving/receiving congregational emotional support, congregational neglect, and congregational criticism – were examined in relation to four health outcomes: self-rated health, positive mental health functioning, trait anxiety, and trait anger. Design: The study used a new religion/spirituality questionnaire in the Mediators of Atherosclerosis Among South Asians Living in America (MASALA), the largest study of mental and physical well-being among U.S. South Asians. Associations were assessed cross-sectionally using OLS regression in both the full sample (N = 928) and a subsample of congregation members (N = 312). Results: Jains reported better self-rated health compared to Hindus and Muslims. Group prayer involvement, when measured ordinally, was positively associated with self-rated health and mental health functioning. In reference group comparisons, individuals who participated in group prayer once/day or more had lower levels of anxiety and anger compared to several comparison groups in which individuals prayed less than once a day. Religious service attendance was associated with higher levels of anxiety. Giving/receiving congregational emotional support was positively associated with self-rated health and mental health functioning, and inversely associated with anxiety. Congregational criticism was associated with higher levels of anger and anxiety. Conclusions: This study provided a new assessment of religious group involvement and health in the U.S. South Asian population. Religious group participation was associated with mental and self-rated health in well-controlled models, indicating this is a fruitful area for further research. Group religious involvement may be a health-promoting resource for U.S. South Asians who are religiously active, but it is not an unalloyed boon.