The Downside of Software-Defined Networking in Wireless Network

Software Defined Networks (SDN) have been utilized in applications of the Internet of Things (IoT), termed as software-defined IoT network, because of the popularity and capability of mobile devices being used for networking in relatively large areas. In a software-defined IoT system, the sensing data are asynchronously harvested by the mobile sensing nodes, and are also asynchronously uploaded to the gateways of a software-defined network. Thus, all the sensing data are asynchronously transmitted from the gateways to the data servers in the pattern of multipoints-to-point (M2P) data transmissions. Even if the sensing data are generated from the same sensing event, the controller of SDN has no knowledge about this relationship. Thus, such asynchronous M2P data transmissions from the same sensing event at the gateways will generate many redundant requests to their controller by OpenFlow protocol of SDN. In this paper, we investigate the redundant requests caused by the asynchronous M2P data transmissions in the software-defined IoT network. We model the relationship between the sensing events and the uploading gateways by utilizing their spatial locations and the distribution of mobile sensor nodes. To reduce the loads on the controller for the asynchronous M2P data transmissions, we propose an One-Request Scheme for Software-Defined IoT Networks (ORSIN), to batch the updating the forwarding rules of the multiple data transmissions from the same event by the first one request from a gateway. Our extensional simulations verify the effectiveness of our proposed approach.

As the importance of communication networks increases in our lives, the limitations of traditional networks start to emerge. Software Defined Networking (SDN) is the most recent paradigm in the networking industry, its purpose being to mitigate traditional network limitations, such as complexity, the difficulty of introducing new services in the network, the inability of enforcing security policies while having a network-wide view. From a security point of view, the need for middleboxes in the network, such as firewalls or Intrusion Detection/Prevention Systems (IDS/IPS) is eliminated by implementing these functionalities in software applications. As SDN has the potential of becoming a key enabler for the Internet of Things (IoT), there are specific aspects of security for IoT that need to be taken into account, for example the lack of powerful computing resources or limited battery life, making securing IoT devices more challenging. This paper addresses one of these security issues, while evaluating a simple IPS application for an SDN controller. An emulated IoT network is controlled by the SDN controller, which also runs an IPS application. When a node becomes faulty or it is compromised and it sends too much traffic, that could cause a Denial of Service (DoS) in the network, it is blocked by the controller for a configurable amount of time.

This paper introduces a proof-of-concept 6LoWPAN
\ntestbed to study the integration of programmable network
\ntechnologies in relaxed throughput and low-power IoT devices.
\nOpen source software and hardware platforms are used in
\nthe implemented testbed to increase the possibility of future
\nnetwork extension. The proposed architecture offers end-to-end
\nconnectivity via the 6LoWPAN gateway to integrate IPv6 hosts
\nand the low data rate devices directly. Nowadays, SoftwareDefined
\nNetworking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization
\n(NFV) are the most promising technologies for dealing with the
\nmassive increase in M2M devices and achieving agile traffic. The
\ndeveloped approach in this paper is entitled tailored Software
\nDefined-Network Function Virtualization (SD-NFV), which is
\naimed at reducing the end-to-end delay and improving the
\nenergy depletion in sensor nodes. Experimental scenarios of
\nthe implemented testbed are conducted using a simple sensing
\napplication and the obtained results indicate that the introduced
\napproach is appropriate for constrained IoT devices. By utilizing
\nSD-NFV scheme in 6LoWPAN network, the data delivery ratio
\nincreased by 5-14%, the node operational time prolonged by
\n70%, the end-to-end latency for gathering sensor data minimized
\nby ≈160%, and the latency for transmitting control messages
\nto a specified node diminished by ≈63% when compared to a
\ntraditional (non SDN-enabled) 6LoWPAN network.

The flexibility and programmability offered by Software Defined Networking (SDN) emerge as an approach to resolve some of the main challenges that the Internet of Things (IoT) deployments expose. In the present article, we explore the application of SDN components onto IoT deployments, together with the decoupling of typical gateway functions in two realms; the physical one and the virtual at the edge. This disengagement is a novel approach necessary since the computation resources on the physical part of the infrastructure are limited. Thus, the more resource-consuming processes are transferred to the edge of the network, in the virtual counterpart of the gateway. Additionally, within this infrastructure, different network applications can be running at the top of the SDN controller, in the control plane, for example, QoS policies application, management of network parameters, etc. Providing a holistic view of the IoT deployment. Between its advantages, this work focus on the ease of creation of an IoT infrastructure with the gateway and SDN architecture, and the behaviour of the IoT system. For validation, a small setup scenario and a use case is created where heterogeneous IoT sensors communicate with the physical part of the gateway, implemented with a Raspberry Pis and this, with its virtual part at the edge of the network, so finally sent the data to an IoT platform (FIWARE-ORION) at the core network managed by a virtual Switch (OpenVSwitch) and a RYU-based SDN controller.

Software-defined networking (SDN) is an emerging network architecture that decouples the control plane from the data plane, enabling centralized programmability and management of networks. While SDN offers benefits like flexibility, scalability, and automation, it also introduces new security vulnerabilities. This literature review analyzes the current state of research on SDN security in three key domains – Internet of Things (IoT) environments, cloud computing, and traditional enterprise networks. A systematic review methodology was followed to search, select, and review 53 relevant studies published in the past 5 years. The analysis focuses on identifying common SDN threat vectors, security solutions proposed leveraging SDN programmability and evaluating their effectiveness based on results from simulations, testbed experiments, and initial real-world implementations. Key findings of the review include lack of authentication, susceptibility to DDoS attacks, and flow rule conflicts as major security issues in SDN across domains. Dynamic traffic monitoring, access control, policy orchestration, and virtualized security functions are commonly proposed techniques to enhance SDN security. However, limitations exist in robustness testing at scale, emerging paradigms like fog computing, and quantitatively comparing SDN security with legacy networks. As SDN adoption expands, focused efforts are needed to address these research gaps through innovations in data-driven security, coordinated security policy, and emphasizing SDN controller security. This review provides valuable insights into the current state of SDN security research and informs future efforts needed in this important area

In this era wireless technology gaining more popularity, people prefer wireless communication over wired communication due to mobility, scalability and ease of access. However, the traditional wireless network is complex, vendor dependent and inadequate feasibility to incorporate new services, protocols, and APIs. The rapid growth in wireless network raises many thoughtful challenges for network and telecom operators. On such grounds, Innovation of Software Defined Network (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) for mobile network opens a new arena of research. This research article presents future mobile Internet architecture (FMIA) with the integration of twin technologies, SDN and NFV that enable rapid access to Internet services. Moreover, the network manager can control services provided by ISPs through proposed architecture.

The proliferation of mobile demands and increasingly multifarious services pose challenges to both the radio access networks (RANs) and the core network (CN). Unfortunately, the traditional networks can hardly meet the increasing requirements. Software-defined network (SDN) and network virtualization (NV) are considered as innovative paradigms to stress these problems. By extending SDN to wireless networks, software-defined wireless network (SDWN) consisting of both RANs and CN can be obtained. In this paper, the RANs and CN of SDWN are virtualized to virtual access points (VAPs) and network slices respectively based on NV technology. Considering the system scenario that a SDWN consists of overlapping RANs, an optimal joint VAP and network slice selection scheme is proposed. To characterize the complicated transmission performance of VAPs and network slices, the concepts of utility function and network calculus are introduced, and the joint utility of VAPs and network slices is formulated based on which the optimal VAP and network slice combination corresponding to the maximal joint utility can be selected. The simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed scheme.

Rarely the interest in a new networking paradigm has increased at such a velocity as it is happening for software defined networking (SDN). Motivations of this hype of interest are several but the most important can be re-conducted to the following three: (i) SDN simplifies network configuration and management; (ii) SDN makes the network evolvable; (iii) SDN frees operators from vendors' lock-in. Eagerly, in some cases, or reluctantly, in others, both operators and manufacturers of communication and networking equipments have started new lines of research, development, and marketing focused on SDN. A quick look at the list of members of the organizations promoting the development of SDN-related standards suffices to understand that players of the wireless domain are trying to ride this wave as well. However, it is difficult for the observers to understand where such a wave is headed to in very common networking scenarios involving infrastructureless wireless communications. This paper is an attempt to fill this gap. In fact, a major objective of this paper is to analyze (i) what are the advantages of SDN in infrastructureless wireless networking environments such as wireless personal area networks (W-PANs), and (ii) what are the requirements that must be satisfied to apply SDN in W-PANs. Furthermore, a complete SDN solution for W-PANs, named Software Defined Wireless Network (SDWN), is introduced and a prototype implementation is described.

The 6LoWPAN (IPv6 over low-power wireless personal area networks) standard enables resource-constrained devices to connect to the IPv6 network, blending an IPv6 header compression protocol. For this network technology, a new routing protocol called Routing Protocol for Low Power Lossy network (RPL) has been designed. The latter is a lightweight protocol that determines the route across the nodes based on rank values. This protocol is known to be non-resilient against Rank attacks, which aim at creating non-optimized routes for packet forwarding, hence overwhelming the constrained 6LoWPAN. With 5G, Software-Defined Networks (SDNs) have been developed to facilitate simple programmable control plane, Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning, and route configuration services for 6LoWPAN. However, there is still a lack of optimization mechanisms to protect 6LoWPAN against Rank attacks in SDN-based deployment. To this end, in this paper, a Reinforcement-Learning (RL) agent is leveraged to assist and complement an SDN controller in achieving cost-efficient route optimization, and QoS provisioning packet forwarding to prevent rank attacks. Experimental results confirm that our approach effectively prevents Rank attacks while providing an adequate delay and radio duty cycle. Meanwhile, it maximizes the packet delivery ratio, facilitating practical implementations in software-defined Low Power Internet of Things (IoT) networks.

Software Defined Networks (SDN) determine a new paradigm for the development of a computer network. Up to now, SDN has gained attention from both the academic and industry communities. So far, it has been focused on the OpenFlow standard, a network protocol that made this approach possible. However, SDNs extend beyond OpenFlow, opening new perspectives in terms of abstractions, environment controls, and network applications. Thus, this work proposes an SDN-based mechanism for network management in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT) using the OpenDayLight platform with a customized OpenFlow. For IoT, data collection and analysis is the point where the SDN provides the flexibility to include multiple scenarios. It is also discussed how OpenFlow and other proposals available in the literature contribute to the flexibilization of IoT networks. Experimental results showed the benefits that can be achieved with this architecture, including, energy savings, lower costs, and better traffic control. However, it is concluded that the OpenFlow protocol is not feasible for an IoT scenario due to the obtained high error message percentage while performing the management of an SDN network.

The traditional networks are facing difficulties in managing the services offered by cloud computing, big data, and the Internet of Things as the users have become more dependent on their services. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has pulled enthusiasm in the integration process of technologies and function as per the user's requirements for both academia and industry, and it has begun to be embraced in actual framework usage. The emergence of SDN has given another idea to empower the focal programmability of the system. Because of the increasing demand and the scarcity of resources, the load balancing issue needs to be addressed efficiently to manage the incoming traffic and resources and to improve network performance. One of the most critical issues is the role of the controller in SDN to balance the load for having a better Quality of Service (QoS). Though there are few survey articles written on load balancing, there is no detail and systematic review conducted in load balancing in SDN. Hence, this paper extends and reviews the discussion with a taxonomy of current emerging load balancing techniques in SDN systematically by categorizing the techniques as conventional and artificial intelligence-based techniques to improve the service quality. The review also includes the study of metrics and parameters which have been used to measure the performance. This review would allow gaining more information on load balancing approaches in SDN and enables the researchers to fill the current research gaps.

The Internet of Things (IoT) and Software Defined Network (SDN) are two development tools. The administrators organize SDN combined plans and the internet's corporate control by the Internet of Things in decoupling the plane and the flight information. The SDN Providence proposals flexible and programmable IoT in the network. Improvement of energy efficiency in assembly operations in the sequence of legal leadership and command of contract permits for the development of any creative office. Each of the most important processes that enable effective and cost-effective routing is planning and transportation management, including scheduling options. The existing system If Packaging and an optimal network deliver solutions to this problem. In each automatic carrier, there are limitations of breach capacity and time limit. The optimization model first level establishes an IoT Network and verifies the Request and response received the signal. The second step is to identify the effective insertion process and the practical data load balancing method for the two-term operations every process, and third level configures the IoT model. Finally, routing scheduling section included to identify the node features significantly change the reality. The similarities in planning, traffic management, and network planning need implicit. They will reduce cost and improve energy efficiency by eliminating the time to support them. Therefore, alignment, planning, routing and routing path selection in the production process are be mentioned throughout the similarities.

The network’s functions virtualization emerges as one of the most promising technologies for the management of the new generation of internet. In recent years, computer and communication systems evolved enormously at influencing the development of network infrastructures in terms of scale, programmability and dynamic management. On one hand, the number of connected devices grows exponentially with the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and multiple online applications. On the other hand, the diversity of proprietary protocols and programs does not allow the evolution of new network architectures with dynamic requirements. The scientific community has focused efforts on optimizing the administration of networks with the implementation and redesign of configurations techniques to improve the performance. The integration of a new emerging technology such as the Software Defined Networking (SDN) allows a flexible, dynamic and adaptable management by optimizing network resources in the proposed framework. In an IoT environment, we develop a testbed platform, which allows us to evaluate the orchestration of an implemented distributed SDN controllers in order to achieve scalability and flexibility management. Based on the simulation results, the developed SDCIOT architecture shows some performance metrics and the effectiveness management of large scale-networks. The SDCIOT framework includes a fault tolerance system with distributed SDN controllers. This study presents the development of an IoT framework to manage scale and distributed system using the network’s functions virtualization. Finally, some of the most important future research directions are highlighted and the development of new IoT applications.

One of the major challenges in Internet of Things (IoT) will be management and orchestration of multi-technology/multi-vendor network environments. According to many stakeholders, the adoption of software defined networking (SDN) principles in 5G (5-th Generation) wireless networks will allow the integration of mobile networks and the internet of things and will make it possible to manage billions of connected smart objects through intelligent orchestration and provisioning systems. The special value of SDN lies its ability to support network virtualization and to automate deployment of new services on top of the virtualized network infrastructure. To pave the way towards this novel approach, we present a SDN-based architecture for virtualization of IoT networks, including an intent-based north-bound interface and a virtualized infrastructure manager, allowing virtualization of IoT resources. The architecture exploits SDN controller to program different IoT networks in order to provide to users the intended service at the requested level of quality. A prototype of the architecture is presented and numerical results related to round trip time, measured at the different levels of the architecture, are reported.

It is Software defined networking (SDN) is a new network approach which allows separation of the forwarding plane from the control plane in network architecture, that aids in the efficient control of data flow and gives network administrators a software- based method for managing and configuring the networks. In contrast to SDN, which provides a centralized controller, traditional network topologies require the individual configuration of each network device. Due to a centralized control functionality, SDN is increasingly used by businesses, telecom service providers, cloud providers, and many other users, as it encourages flexibility and scalability in the network while also assisting in streamlining operations. There is significant demand of SDN for effective and adaptable networks. SDN adoption has also been rising in the campuses and corporate sectors. This paper provides a concise overview of the Software Defined Networks (SDN) topic, which is essential for comprehending the fundamental principles of SDN in order to conduct research and implement SDN in many sectors. The initial focus is on the discussion of traditional networks, including their limitations, as well as the many issues encountered by industries. The topic of Software Defined Networks is explored, encompassing their necessity, historical background, architectural structure, interfaces, and models. Next, the many applications of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) are examined. Additionally, the various SDN case studies, vendors, setup issues with SDN, and current research fields were elucidated. The discussion focuses on the role of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) in Artificial Intelligence (AI), specifically addressing the issues associated with implementing SDN in AI.