The energy navigation system and its application example

Promotion of an Efficient Energy Use and Use of Renewable Sources of Energy

With respect to the state-wide energy use, there might be found a paradox that more electrification apparently causes more energy losses by the power generation loss. This easily leads to a misunderstanding. Energy end-users need energy benefits, but neither city gas/oil nor electricity for the final energy consumption. They can have the two ways to heat an object, fuel combustion generating unavailable energy and heat pump use adding available energy (exergy, actually power) to the environmental energy or waste heat. And mechanical power demand, e.g. driving vehicles can be supplied from the electric power system of the highest efficiency. Such highly efficient use of energy brings more electrification. This paradox lies in the insufficient understanding of energy use science. The author considers the overall optimization for the efficient use of energy.

Morelos Park is part of the Municipal System of Tijuana Theme Parks (SIMPATT). Due to the multiple activities carried out for the community, as well as the lack of maintenance to the electrical installation, among other factors, the cost for electricity consumption is around $ 1,022,107.00 M.N. yearly. Objective: the purpose of this project is to carry out an energy efficiency study to obtain energy performance indicators (KPI) with which improvements for the rational and efficient use of energy can be proposed. Methodology: the project was worked with the collaboration of students in renewable energy engineering program internship. The study includes the following stages: 1) gathering energy data to determine the current state of electrical energy consumption; 2) analysis of the information obtained inorder to detect improvement areas; and 3) proposals for an efficient use of electrical energy. Contribution: with the development of this study, in addition to providing a viable economic benefit to the park administration, it contributes to the integration and application of tools and knowledge of future engineers in real environment situations.

Review: Greenhouse Solutions with Sustainable Energy By Mark Diesendorf Reviewed by Elery Hamilton-Smith Charles Sturt University, Australia Diesendorf, Mark. Greenhouse Solutions with Sustainable Energy. Sydney, NSW: University of New South Wales Press, 2007. 413 pp. ISBN 978-086-8409-733. AU$45.95, paper. This is indeed a timely book. The proliferation of books on world environmental trends, policies and issues means that there are literally thousands of pages clamoring for the attention of those interested. Many of these are simply advocating specific conceptualizations and solutions to one or more of the many global problems. Too many of them either neglect, or are deficient on, critical assessment of the necessary evidence. Diesendorf writes with great clarity, explaining complex issues and ideas without over-simplifying or dumbing down. Essentially, after a basic conceptual review, he critically evaluates eight major strategic directions, either already practiced or commonly proposed and advocated in global policy arenas. Each of these strategies is assessed in terms of the potential resources, current status and action, environmental, health and social impacts, economic and future development potential. Essentially, he concludes that, at least in Australia and probably globally, a combination of efficient energy use, solar hot water, gas, bio-energy, wind power, improved public transport and fuel-efficient vehicles could halve greenhouse emissions within a few decades. But the political will is lacking, and much government policy action serves only to further the production of greenhouse emissions. The large and wealthy fossil fuel industries, including their infrastructural demands such as power stations, transport, urban structure and building standards, are major determinants of governmental expenditure. The whole situation is compounded by neo-liberalist politics which largely leaves long- term planning in the hands of the market, which in turn is dominated by the same big greenhouse industries. The first of the strategies examined is efficient use of energy – virtually self-evident, yet outdated and inappropriate practices are allowed to continue unthinkingly. Hand-in-hand, and increasingly accepted, the effective development of wind energy has made immense strides and very significant savings. At the same time, there are constant negative responses to increased wind power often supported by gross untruths and deliberate falsehoods. Bio-fuels production and utilization again are effective and efficient strategies. The use of solar heat and energy is clearly effective and, in the long run, efficient. Further research and development is under way, and in due course, this will deliver greatly improved systems of technology and management. Other appropriate energy technologies are also being developed – marine and hydropower, geothermal heat and energy, and enhanced energy storage systems. One of the major problems lies in the urban form and the transport industries. Both are responsible for a large number of other damaging impacts upon human health and the environment. There have been a number of positive innovations by automobile manufacturers, cyclists and others. Again, governmental policies fall far behind the front line of action. Coal remains the major source of problems, and probably will continue to do so for a very long time. This is discussed in a chapter titled “Coal and Gas: Can we bury the problem?” Although considerable claims have been made in relation to geo-sequestration, and there is considerable investment in research and experiment, the prospects do not appear very strong. Moreover, burying the emissions does nothing about the other widespread impacts which arise from the use of coal.

The use of solar energy has become a promising method to reach energy efficient solutions throughout the last century. Improving the thermal properties of building members will contribute to the efficient use of energy by preventing heat gain/loss through the building envelope. Phase change materials (PCMs) are favorable materials for thermal applications because of their large contribution to the thermal mass of a building and thus providing “inertia” against temperature fluctuations. In this experimental study, glass fiber‐reinforced cementitious composites were modified using a commercial microencapsulated PCM to improve their thermal performance. The thermal and the mechanical performances of the composites were investigated. With the use of PCMs, the latent heat capacity of the composites increased while the thermal conductivity decreased. Conversely, the mechanical properties of composites declined with increases in PCM amount. The main conclusions of the experimental study are as follows: PCMs provide a great potential to fiber‐reinforced cementitious composites to support the efficient use of energy, thereby enhancing the thermal features of the composites. The performance of PCM composites shows a serious variation according to different service temperatures. Therefore, the effect of service temperature must be considered particularly with respect to safe utilization of these materials. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38:e13061, 2019

At present, there are no methodological approaches that make it possible to comprehensively use a fairly extensive methodological tool for analyzing the efficient use of energy resources at an industrial enterprise, which significantly affects the effectiveness of the energy-efficient strategy of the enterprise. In this regard, the need to use such an extensive analysis toolkit has become relevant. The article used materials of foreign and domestic research. The authors' research was based on a systematic approach, methods of analysis and synthesis of indicators of the organization of energy economics by an industrial enterprise at the present stage. The authors proposed a set of tools for analyzing the efficient use of energy in an industrial enterprise, which is based on the theory of production, with the help of which the production functions of energy consumption are considered allowing to use the «field of interchangeability» of energy resources, the change in the volume of output depending on changes in the volume of use of one energy resource (function income), various functions of energy consumption in production equipment, as well as economic mathematical assessment of energy while optimizing the fuel and energy balance of the enterprise. The proposed conceptual approach to the use of the proposed tools for the analysis of the efficient use of energy resources makes it possible to formulate an energy-efficient enterprise strategy on the basis of a sustainable organization of enterprise production.

The joint meeting X International Congress of the Mexican Hydrogen Society (MHS) and IV International Congress of Rational and Efficient Use of Energy, was held in Toluca, Mexico, September 27 to October 1, 2010. This was an opportunity for the MHS to host scientific partners that promote the advancement to the hydrogen economy in North and South America. The meeting brought together over 250 delegates from Mexico, Colombia, Brazil, Argentina, USA, Canada, France, Spain and Venezuela. Besides hydrogen technologies, which were the main subject at the event, the meeting included other important topics such as renewables, biomass and biofuels. The joint meeting included 130 oral presentation and short communications. The technical poster session included 25 works presented by MSc and PhD students. The plenary lectures were delivered by Prof. Jeffrey A. Serfass (USA), General Manager of the Partnership for Advancing the Transition to Hydrogen – PATH; Prof. Juan Carlos Bolcich (Argentina), President of Argentinean Hydrogen Association, Member of the International Association for Hydrogen Energy; Prof. Suilma Marisela Fernandez Valverde (Mexico), Founder of the Mexican Hydrogen Society, Member of the International Association for Hydrogen Energy; Prof. Odon de Buen Rodriguez (Mexico), expert in areas of energy efficiency, renewable energy and environmental issues; Prof. Electo Eduardo Silva Lora (Brazil), Coordinator of the Universidade Federal de Itajuba (UNIFEI); Prof. Ernestina Torres Reyes (Mexico), President of the Mexican National Association of Solar Energy, Prof. Edgar Rene Rangel German (Colombia), Member of the Colombian National Hydrocarbons Commission. . This issue of the Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems is a compilation of selected papers presented at the meeting. The MHS deeply thanks all authors and reviewers for making this work possible. We also extend special thanks to Prof. O. Savadogo for his important support to MHS throughout these years. The XI Congress of the MHS will take place in Cuernavaca, Mexico, September 21 to 23, 2011. Also, we wish to announce that the joint meeting 9th International Symposium on New Materials and Nano-Materials for Electrochemical Systems and XII International Congress of the Mexican Hydrogen Society will be held in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico, on July 2012. We look forward to seeing you at MHS events (www.smh2.mx).

The efficiency of the rational use of energy

ABSTRACTThe world is linked through energy–economy–environment–sustainability interactions. Efficient energy use in industrial countries will be meaningful for their economy and environment in the future. The efficiency of energy use differs from one country to another depending on varied consumption models. There has been significant progress in the world in understanding how energy is used and how it can be saved. However, there is much more work to be done in the world on efficient energy use and environmental quality improvements, and the investment funds required to accomplish this work are also in short supply. This study presents universal approach about the effect of future energy demand to economy, environment, and sustainability based on greater energy efficiency. Energy-efficient technology is an important tool for this goal. This paper aims to provide raised understanding on how tools for raised energy efficiency can contribute to decreased environmental effect and to increased economic value.

Energy efficiency is a permanent concern in all types of production processes. The automation of machine tools using Computer Numerical Control (CNC) and the increasing introduction of manipulator robots mean a significant improvement in the efficient use of energy versus manual production methods, but there is still scope for improving efficiency and productivity. One of the methods to improve efficiency is the definition of optimal trajectories in the execution of automated tasks. In small and medium-scale flexible manufacturing systems, the tasks assigned to CNC machines are usually given in standardized formats, such as G-code, where the paths defined from the design software do not necessarily take into account the efficient use of the energy for a given machine. This problem is addressed in this paper from the need to optimize the use of energy in an articulated robot that performs a drilling task originally designed to be executed in a CNC drill. We propose a simple method to model the energy consumption of the robot as an optimization problem in the well-known form of a Traveler Salesman Problem (TSP), with which it is possible to use common software packages for its resolution. The proposed solution simplifies the approach of the optimization problem in relation to other proposals in the literature and is generalizable to other machining tasks and machining systems.

Efficient Use Of Energy and Water Resources For Sustainable Ready-Made Garment Sector: Comparing Cleaner Production Case Studies

Induction motor control system with a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and Profibus communication for industrial plants — An experimental setup

This study aimed to study environmental education in the installation of a hydroelectric powerplant in northwestern of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. From the theoretical reflection: the energy andenvironmental issues, sustainable development and environmental education in this process, thisresearch examined the proposal for environmental education implemented in the process of installingthe hydroelectric San Jose, with regard to its purpose and its effectiveness. The research ischaracterized by its qualitative nature, being in an exploratory and descriptive. As for the meansemployed to this investigation, the literature search, the primary data collection that occurredthrough interviews and secondary sources consulted in the documents of the hydroelectric plantand official sites. The data was made by content analysis. The research is also characterized as acase study. Outlining the discussions of power generation, it appears that the hydroelectric play animportant role, given its ability to generate action and the fact it is one of the cleanest - as compa- red to fossil fuels, for example - however, not discusses why energy demand is ever increasing, notdiscussing the rational and efficient use of energy. From reflections on the theoretical frameworkand analysis of the environmental education program developed by the project studied, it is clearthat environmental education was an important part in the context of building the dam and in thelist of environmental programs developed.

An instrument to promote the CO2 emission reductions, taking the Kyoto Protocol goal into account, can be the assignment to energy conversion plants of a monetary charge linked to their specific emission intensity. Once the choice of a charge is defined, the next problem is the choice of a strategy to determine the amount of the imposed charge, named Carbon Tax (CT). In this paper an analytical procedure for the Carbon Tax evaluation is proposed and applied. This approach is based on the concept of Efficiency Penalty of the energy system, that represents the evaluation of the cost of the exergy destroyed inside the system and the cost of the exergy rejected in the biosphere with the plant wastes; the Efficiency Penalty term is coupled with the evaluation of the Index of CO2 Emission, which connects the amount of the CO2 emitted by the plant with the Second Law efficiency of the plant itself. The evaluated charge on the CO2 emissions is defined as Carbon Exergy Tax (CET). The procedure is applied here to the analysis of a 700 MW combined plant burning fossil fuels in two different configurations: a typical natural gas fired combined plant, and a coal fired combined plant burning coal in a Pressurised Fluidised Bed Combustor (PFBC).

PurposeGlobal climate change is a serious threat to the survival and development of mankind. Reducing carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality are the keys to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable human development. For many countries, taking China as an example, the electric power sector is the main contributor to the country’s carbon emissions, as well as a key sector for reducing carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality. The low-carbon transition of the power sector is of great significance to the long-term low-carbon development of the economy. Therefore, on the one hand, it is necessary to improve the energy supply structure on the supply side and increase the proportion of new energy in the total power supply. On the other hand, it is necessary to improve energy utilization efficiency on the demand side and control the total primary energy consumption by improving energy efficiency, which is the most direct and effective way to reduce emissions. Improving the utilization efficiency of electric energy and realizing the low-carbon transition of the electric power industry requires synergies between the government and the market. The purpose of this study is to investigate the individual and synergistic effects of China’s low-carbon policy and the opening of urban high-speed railways (HSRs) on the urban electricity consumption efficiency, measured as electricity consumption per unit of gross domestic product (GDP).Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a panel of 289 Chinese prefecture-level cities from the years 1999–2019 as the sample and uses the time-varying difference-in-difference method to test the relationship between HSR, low-carbon pilot cities and urban electricity consumption efficiency. In addition, the instrumental variable method is adopted to make a robustness check.FindingsEmpirical results show that the low-carbon pilot policy and the HSR operation in cities would reduce the energy consumption per unit of GDP, and synergies occur in both HSR operated and low-carbon pilot cities.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has limitations that would provide possible starting points for future studies. The first limitation is the choice of the proxy variable of government and market factors. The second limitation is that the existing data is only about whether the high-speed rail is opened or not and whether it is a low-carbon pilot city, and there is no more informative data to combine the two aspects.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study can inform policymakers and regulators about the effects of low-carbon pilot city policies. In addition, the government should consider market-level factors in addition to policy factors. Only by combining various influencing factors can the efficient use of energy be more effectively achieved so as to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality.Social implicationsFrom the social perspective, the findings indicate that improving energy utilization is dependent on the joint efforts of the government and market.Originality/valueThe study provides quantitative evidence to assess the synergic effect between government and the market in the low-carbon transition of the electric power industry. Particularly, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first to comprehend the role of the city low-carbon pilot policy and the construction of HSR in improving electricity efficiency.