The identification of slapstick comedy using automatic affective video indexing techniques

With the recent increase in the number of news videos and in their value, their automatic indexing has been anticipated. Among various proposals for this problem, the use of textual data has been actively considered, and some applications of this type have actually been developed. Nonetheless, most of these approaches are textual data oriented, and a few of them consider the correspondences between their indexes (keywords) and image contents which are essentials for an image database.This paper proposes an automatic video indexing method which takes advantage of the characteristic of news videos: similar images have similar contents. The method tags indexes selectively according to typical image content. The method has been applied to actual news videos, and indexing has been successful for between 25% and 93% of “typical shots,” and for between 75% and 100% of “captionized shots.” © 2001 Scripta Technica, Syst Comp Jpn, 32(9): 32–41, 2001

We have put together a corpus of 242 abstracts of Arabic documents using the Proceedings of the Saudi Arabian National Conferences as a source. All these abstracts involve computer science and information systems. We also designed and built an automatic information retrieval system from scratch to handle Arabic data. The system was implemented in the C language using the GCC compiler and runs on IBM/PCs and compatible microcomputers. We have implemented both automatic and manual indexing techniques for this corpus. A long series of experiments using measures of recall and precision has demonstrated that automatic indexing is at least as effective as manual indexing and more effective in some cases. Since automatic indexing is both cheaper and faster, our results suggest that we can achieve a wider coverage of the literature with less money and produce as good results as with manual indexing. We have also compared the retrieval results using words as index terms versus stems and roots, and confirmed the results obtained by Al-Kharashi and Abu-Salem with smaller corpora that root indexing is more effective than word indexing.

The proliferation of computer technology and digital image‐acquisition hardware has led to the widespread use of image data across a variety of applications including astronomy, art, natural resources, engineering design, military, business operation, medicine, education, etc. Major research activities in the digital image databases surged after the U.S. government's Digital Library Initiative (DLI) from 1994 to 1998. The DLI research team at the University of California at Berkeley developed a work‐centered digital information system that contains 450 digital text documents, 200 air photos, and over 11,000 ground photographs. The system allowed a user or a working group to access its own collections of varying data types, and to generate new materials to be added to the collection. The DLI project at the University of California (UC) at Santa Barbara focused on the development of digital databases that contain geographically referenced materials such as maps and aerial photos. The research team developed a number of tools for browsing and retrieving map images at multiple resolution. Two other major efforts in developing digital image databases were at The National Library of Medicine (NLM), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and at Time Warner. More recently, research scientists at the University of California at Berkeley and the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco successfully launched on the Internet the largest art image database in the world, the Thinker ImageBase.Automatic image indexing and retrieving technology is fundamental in digital image databases. There are two general strategies in image retrieval, browsing and searching. Browsing is an information retrieval strategy in which a user navigates through an ordered arrangement of images by making selections from the progressive levels of a hierarchy into which the available images have been logically grouped. Image browsing relies on the user's cognitive abilities to recognize images of interest without having to formulate a specific query. Searching is an information retrieval strategy in which the user communicates with an information retrieval system by an interface that requires the user to input a search query.Images can be indexed and retrieved by text‐tag information and/or by image content. Conventionally, images are indexed using text‐tag information, such as title, key words, date of the work, artist, author, photographer, legend, captions, etc. Images are often subject to a wide range of interpretations, and textual descriptions can only begin to capture the richness and complexity of the semantic content of a visual image. In many applications, the complexity of the information embedded in image content such as types of objects, object attributes, and spatial relationship of objects, etc, cannot be synthesized in a few key words. It has been reported that users querying an image collection tend to be much more specific in their requests and information needs than when querying a text database. Furthermore, text indexing requires large human effort in creating the meta‐data that enables visual queries and is language dependent. Large databases containing thousands and millions of digital images that can occupy gigabytes of space are almost impossible for manual indexing and searching. The demand for systems using pictorial information combined with textual description in image retrieval is growing and automatic indexing and retrieval based on image content has become the most promising techniques for large image databases and digital image libraries. This article describes the techniques developed for content‐based retrieval.

Recent advances in technology have made tremendous amounts of multimedia information available to the general population. An efficient way of dealing with this new development is to develop browsing tools that distill multimedia data as information oriented summaries. Such an approach will not only suit resource poor environments such as wireless and mobile, but also enhance browsing on the wired side for applications like digital libraries and repositories. Automatic summarization and indexing techniques will give users an opportunity to browse and select multimedia document of their choice for complete viewing later. In this paper, we present a technique by which we can automatically gather the frames of interest in a video for purposes of summarization. Our proposed technique is based on using Delaunay Triangulation for clustering the frames in videos. We represent the frame contents as multi-dimensional point data and use Delaunay Triangulation for clustering them. We propose a novel video summarization technique by using Delaunay clusters that generates good quality summaries with fewer frames and less redundancy when compared to other schemes. In contrast to many of the other clustering techniques, the Delaunay clustering algorithm is fully automatic with no user specified parameters and is well suited for batch processing. We demonstrate these and other desirable properties of the proposed algorithm by testing it on a collection of videos from Open Video Project. We provide a meaningful comparison between results of the proposed summarization technique with Open Video storyboard and K-means clustering. We evaluate the results in terms of metrics that measure the content representational value of the proposed technique.

Mobile computing and multimedia technologies continue to expand and change the way we interact with each other on a business and social level. With the increased use of mobile devices and the exchange of information over wireless networks, information systems are able to process and transmit multimedia data in various areas.Contemporary Challenges and Solutions for Mobile and Multimedia Technologies provides comprehensive knowledge on the growth and changes in the field of multimedia and mobile technologies. This reference source highlights the advancements in mobile technology that are beneficial for developers, researchers, and designers.

Teaching using a multimedia technology in the21stcentury affords the possibility of developing novel instructional strategies and paves the way for the all-around extension of musical educational functions. The importance of multimedia teaching technology in piano instruction has started to emerge in our country and society due to the ongoing development of this kind of technology in music educational institutions here. The conventional method of teaching piano has several drawbacks that may be mitigated by using one of the several alternative methods of instruction for the instrument, especially in light of the ongoing advancements in science and technology. A pianist’s methods of expression are the tools they use to convey their thoughts and emotions about a piece of music to the audience. Teachers may demonstrate their musical skills to students and they must immediately focus on a musical expression which is vital for performers. In this paper, the Multimedia-based Piano Teaching Model (MPTM) has been proposed to improve the piano teaching quality. Traditional piano instruction is improved and developed using multimedia technology in this article. The Internet education model is used for teacher assessment, and the systematic way representing piano teaching combines different music educational materials. It begins building a sufficiently broad music network infrastructure resource sharing framework and benefits society’s amateur music literacy. The use of machine learning in students’ concrete piano instruction has the potential to thoroughly promote contemporary piano instruction and enhance the overall quality of instruction. To begin, an explanation of the intelligent piano’s features and capabilities is provided. The neural network is used to suggest a technique for detecting a piano note on a set. The network can assess the input piano music signal’s time frequency by translating the original time-domain waveform into the time-varying frequency distribution. Intelligent piano instruction analysis can effectively achieve the overall optimization of piano performance. The test results show that MPTM has a significant role in boosting the desire to learn to play the instrument. The experimental results show that the proposed MPTM achieves a learning skills ratio of 97.6%, a learning activity ratio of 98.5%, a student performance ratio of 93.8%, a teaching evaluation ratio of 90.3%, and a learning behavior ratio of 94.2% when compared to other methods.

Visual communication technology is widely used in the field of design. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, multimedia technology in China has also made great progress. The application of multimedia technology to visual communication technology is of great significance. Only by combining the two ingeniously and actively can it ensure the long-term development of visual communication technology and vitality. Based on this, this article will briefly describe the concept of multimedia technology and visual communication, analyze the impact of multimedia on visual communication technology, and propose innovative strategies for multimedia and visual communication technology for reference.

Over the last decade or so, remarkable developments in computer technology have given a major impetus to research in the field of multimedia. With the proliferation of the Internet and the increasingly widespread use of sophisticated computers, the multimedia revolution has arrived in India as well. It is therefore time to take stock of the situation: to evaluate how existing techniques can be used in the Indian context and to determine what new methods have to be developed. This paper summarizes the current state of multimedia technology in India and points to directions for further work. As more and more people in India begin to use computers and the Internet, multimedia capabilities will start playing a vital role in solving problems in many different areas. Education is probably one of the most important areas where multimedia technology can have a major impact. Already, multimedia educational systems are being developed in Indian languages. Several interactive encyclopaedia-like environments are also being marketed on CD-ROMs, and cover topics ranging from Indian classical music to Indian history, using text, images and sound. Some of the other possible applications of multimedia technology are: the development of digital libraries, news and information dissemination services, medicine, business and commerce, and the entertainment industry. Multimedia information technology is thus poised to become an exciting area for research and development activities in India.

5 - The black art of indexing moving images

SQLite with JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) format is widely adopted for local data storage in mobile applications such as Twitter and Instagram. With more data are generated and stored, it becomes vitally important to efficiently index and search JSON records in SQLite. However, current methods in SQLite either require full text search (that incurs big memory usage and long query latency) or indexing based on expression (that needs to be manually created by specifying search keys). On the other hand, existing JSON automatic indexing techniques, mainly focusing on big data and cloud environments, depend on a colossal tree structure that cannot be applied in memory-constrained mobile devices. In this paper, we propose a novel schema-agnostic indexing technique called LiteIndex that can automatically index JSON records by extracting keywords from long text and maintaining user-preferred items within a given memory constraint. This is achieved by memory-efficient index organization with light-weight keyword extraction from long text and user-preference-aware reinforcement-learning-based index pruning mechanism. LiteIndex has been implemented in a Android smartphone platform and evaluated with a dataset from Tweet. Experimental results show that LiteIndex can significantly reduce the query latency by up to 18x with less memory usage compared with SQLite with FTS3/FTS4 extensions.

Vehicular wireless communication has recently generated wide interest in the area of wireless network research. Automatic Incident Detection (AID), which is the recent focus of research direction in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), aims to increase road safety. These advances in technology enable traffic systems to use data collected from vehicles on the road to detect incidents. We develop an automatic incident detection method that has a significant active road safety application for alerting drivers about incidents and congestion. Our method for detecting traffic incidents in a highway scenario is based on the use of distance and time for changing lanes along with the vehicle speed change over time. Numerical results obtained from simulating our automatic incident detection technique suggest that our incident detection rate is higher than that of other techniques such as integrated technique. probabilistic technique and California Algorithm. We also propose a technique to maximize the number of vehicles aware of Road Side Units (RSUs) in order to enhance the accuracy of our AID technique. In our proposed Method. IEEE 802.11 standard is used at RSUs with multiple antennas to assign each lane a specific channel. To validate our proposed approach. we present both analytical and simulation scenarios. The empirical values which are obtained from both analytical and simulation results have been compared to show their consistency. Results indicate that the IEEE 802.11 standard with its beaconing mechanism can be successfully used for Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) communications.

Research on Application of Multimedia Technology in College Physical Education

PurposeThis paper aims to identify the critical success factors of the continued usage of digital library (DL) successful implementation from the perspective of users with organisation support factors as key antecedents.Design/methodology/approachBased on the extensive literature review, this study has constructed a conceptual framework based on organisational support perspectives and updated Delone and McLean’s information system success model. A pilot study was carried out on a sample of 105 respondents from military-context. A survey instrument including 22 measurement items was designed to identify the level of DL information system (IS) successful implementation practices in military context. Descriptive statistical analysis and reliability analysis were used to analyse the data with SPSS software.FindingsThe findings indicate that training and education, DL environment and communication support, continuation of usage intention, net benefits and user satisfaction are the critical success factors that play key role in ensuring the continued usage DL successful implementation in military context. The military-context DL needs to obtain critical success factors of DL practices implementation to sustain its continued usage, particularly for the active users of its members.Research limitations/implicationsThis study only considered the military personnel who have visited the five main military libraries. For practical implications, the development of instruments in this study may be valuable tools to evaluate DL in other DL settings in Malaysian context other than academic settings.Originality/valueThis study makes a new contribution to DL IS successful implementation practices in military context. This study also provides important information for decision-makers involved in DL IS successful implementation practices and provides useful reference for future researchers in this research area.

Evaluation of a Meta-1-based automatic indexing method for medical documents

With the rapid development of mobile Internet technology and artificial intelligence technology, the digital publishing industry is in urgent need of using intelligent technology to change the current way of content production and service. Most of the e-book resources owned by publishing enterprises are in PDF format, which is not suitable for reading on mobile devices, and it is not convenient to directly extract key information and construct knowledge graph. With this in mind, this article designs a PDF automatic indexing scheme that can identify all the element information in PDF and output structured data automatically and then extract all the key information in it to generate a keyword library with tag weights. The scheme mainly involves two key technical points: parsing PDF based on text features and grammar rules and extracting keywords based on tag weights. The former visualizes the text block in PDF into a rectangular area, divides the elements by clustering algorithm, and, finally, outputs structured data containing all the information. The latter combines the tags and their weights in the structured data and extracts the keywords in it by the inter-word relation algorithm. The structured data and keywords database produced by this scheme can be used to produce intelligent e-book and build knowledge graph, thus helping publishing enterprises to transform from a content service provider to an intelligent knowledge service provider. This transformation can deeply excavate the core value of the content held by the publishing industry and promote the digitization and intelligentization process of the whole industry.