The Online Test application uses Telegram Bots Version 1.0

This study aims to develop an instrument for evaluating learning outcomes using the Computer Based Test (CBT) in an effort to facilitate educators in the input of question banks and be efficient in recapitulating learning outcomes. The development model used is the Dick & Carey model with ten stages. Data collection techniques using questionnaires, interviews and tests analyzed descriptively qualitative and descriptive statistics. The results showed that 1) Teachers were able to formulate learning outcomes assessment instruments in accordance with competency standards, basic competencies and learning achievement indicators by using Computer Based Test (CBT) which can be accessed offline or online that makes it easy for educators to input question bank . 2) This is supported by several factors, namely: the presence of computer laboratories and supporting facilities , educators are motivated to improve self-competence and support students who are enthusiastic about learning innovations in the form of the application of Computer Based Test (CBT) . 2) Research on the development of assessment instruments for learning outcomes using the Computer Based Test (CBT) is a research and development (R&D) research development with a Dick & Carey development model consisting of ten steps. 3) The instrument for evaluating learning outcomes using the Computer Based Test (CBT) is considered to be very feasible to use. This was reviewed based on individual test results (material and media experts) with a mean score of 4.4 in the excellent and valid categories . Practicality was reviewed based on the teacher's questionnaire with a mean score of 102 in the excellent category and the student questionnaire with a mean score of 103.8 in the very good and practical category. Effectiveness is reviewed based on the level of completeness of student learning outcomes with an average score of 90.9 with very good and effective categories.

Cybercrime is significantly growing as the development of internet technology. To mitigate this issue, the law enforcement adopts network surveillance technology to track a suspect and derive the online profile. However, the traditional network surveillance using the single-device tracking method can only acquire part of a suspect’s online activities. With the emergence of different types of devices (e.g., personal computers, mobile phones, and smart wearable devices) in the mobile edge computing (MEC) environment, one suspect can employ multiple devices to launch a cybercrime. In this paper, we investigate a novel cross-device tracking approach which is able to correlate one suspect’s different devices so as to help the law enforcement monitor a suspect’s online activities more comprehensively. Our approach is based on the network traffic analysis of instant messaging (IM) applications, which are typical commercial service providers (CSPs) in the MEC environment. We notice a new habit of using IM applications, that is, one individual logs in the same account on multiple devices. This habit brings about devices’ receiving sync messages, which can be utilized to correlate devices. We choose five popular apps (i.e., WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, WeChat, QQ, and Skype) to prove our approach’s effectiveness. The experimental results show that our approach can identify IM messages with high F1-scores (e.g., QQ’s PC message is 0.966, and QQ’s phone message is 0.924) and achieve an average correlating accuracy of 89.58% of five apps in an 8-people experiment, with the fastest correlation speed achieved in 100 s.

The use of smartphones and IM has the potential to transform the delivery of health services by providing an easy to use, cost-effective tool for remote doctor-to-doctor and patient-to-doctor consultation and diagnosis. Whilst the introduction of new technologies has improved access to healthcare, it has also created new challenges. The aim of this paper was to review the literature on the use of Instant Messaging (IM) and IM applications (apps) in dermatology.

Coordination of an emergency response team is an important determinant of prompt treatment for combat injuries in hospitals. The authors hypothesized that instant messaging applications for smartphones could be appropriate tools for notifying emergency response team members. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficiency of a commercial instant messaging application (WhatsApp, Mountain View, CA) as a communication tool for the emergency team in a level-I trauma center. We retrospectively evaluated the messages in the instant messaging application group that was formed to coordinate responses to patients who suffered from combat injuries and who were transported to our hospital via helicopter during an 8-week period. We evaluated the response times, response time periods during or outside of work hours, and the differences in the response times of doctors, nurses, and technicians among the members of the emergency team to the team leader's initial message about the patients. A total of 510 emergency call messages pertaining to 17 combat injury emergency cases were logged. The median time of emergency response was 4.1 minutes, 6 minutes, and 5.3 minutes for doctors, nurses, and the other team members, respectively. The differences in these response times between the groups were statistically significant (p=0.03), with subgroup analyses revealing significant differences between doctors and nurses (p=0.038). However, no statistically significant differences were observed between the doctors and the technicians (p=0.19) or the nurses and the technicians (p=1.0). From the team leader's perspective, using this application reduced the workload and the time loss, and also encouraged the team. Instant messaging applications for smartphones can be efficient, easy-to-operate, and time-saving communication tools in the transfer of medical information and the coordination of emergency response team members in hospitals.

It is known that communication between parents and instructors has decreased significantly due to the lockdowns and distance education implemented due to Covid19. This shortcoming is being attempted to be remedied via instant messaging applications. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to learn what parents' opinions are of parent groups that math teachers have created using online instant messaging applications like WhatsApp, Bip, Telegram, etc. during the Covid-19 pandemic. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data for the study, which was planned as a case study, and content analysis was used to analyze the data. Five male and five female parents of secondary school-aged children make up the study group, they were chosen using the criteria sampling method. The parent groups created using instant messaging applications are commonly used for announcements, homework, homework controls, the distribution of course materials, video URLs, reminders, and the delivery of lesson URLs and passwords for online courses. Students in certain groups also sent mathematics questions to the parent groups, where the problems were answered by the students' teachers. Although it is clear that these groups are helpful for parents in general, there are some drawbacks, including teachers' loss of interest in the groups towards the end of the school year, concerns about security of personal information, late-night messages, and unnecessary talks.

This chapter presents an analysis of how first-year studentsFirst-year students use mobile instant messaging applicationsMobile instant messaging applications during their transition into a South African university of technology. Drawing on Deleuze and Guattari’sDeleuze and Guattari concept of nomadism, the study unpacks how mobile instant messaging platforms supported students in new ways of living, thinking, and accessing spaces where they shared their experiences, and generated new knowledge and ways of learningLearning. The study used a qualitative research approach. Data was collected from a first-year WhatsApp chat group at the university of technology that was purposefully selected. The data was analyzed using content analysis. Research findings showed that first-year studentsFirst-year students used the mobile instant messaging platform in imaginative ways of interacting with their peers and lecturers to support their process of becomingBecoming in a new educational setting. The first-year students used the mobile instant messaging applicationMobile instant messaging applications to overcome learningLearning structural constraints, find new ways of learning, and raise concerns to management about issues that affected their well-being. The findings offer a better understanding of the way first-year students use mobile instant messaging applications in the context of higher educationHigher Education.

Peer-to-peer networking has allowed the development of new applications that couln’t have been built on the client/server model. Having a good operation of such applications implies a considerable support of underlying networks and services. A typical application is instant messaging and we present an instrumentation of one of the existing one. In order to do that, we use the abstract model for such a service defined in the IETF context. Finally, this work is materialized by the instrumentation of a basic service: the presence service. We have used a particular Instant messaging application that is JXTA based: JIM. This last is built on the JXTA development environnement and allows our instrumentation to be reusable for other instant messaging applications.

Computer-based Testing for the Nursing Discipline: A New Frontier

While research on online tests in higher education is steadily growing, there is little evidence in the literature of the use of learning management systems (LMS), such as Blackboard™, as rich sources of data on online tests practices. This paper reports on an investigation that used data from Blackboard™ LMS to gain insight into the purpose for and practice of online tests at the Charles Darwin University (CDU) Business School in Australia. Focussing on curriculum and pedagogical practices, the paper identifies indications of good practice as well as potential issues related to curriculum mapping, including possible misalignment between learning outcomes and online tests. It also affirms the versatility of using data from LMSs in the study of e-assessment in general and online tests in particular.

ABSTRACTHigh quality care relies on interprofessional teamwork. We developed a short simulation-based course for final year medical, nursing and nursing anaesthesia students, using scenarios from emergency medicine. The aim of this paper is to describe the adaptation of an interprofessional simulation course in an undergraduate setting and to report participants’ experiences with the course and students’ learning outcomes. We evaluated the course collecting responses from students through questionnaires with both closed-ended and open-ended questions, supplemented by the facilitators’ assessment of students’ performance. Our data is based on responses from 310 students and 16 facilitators who contributed through three evaluation phases. In the analysis, we found that students reported emotional activation and learning outcomes within the domains self-insight and stress management, understanding of the leadership role, insight into teamwork, and skills in team communication. In subsequent questionnaire studies students reported having gained insights about communication, teamwork and leadership, and they believed they would be better leaders of teams and/or team members after having completed the course. Facilitators’ observations suggested a progress in students’ non-technical skills during the course. The facilitators observed that nursing anaesthesia students seemed to be more comfortable in finding their role in the team than the two other groups. In conclusion, we found that an interprofessional simulation-based emergency team training course with a focus on leadership, communication and teamwork, was feasible to run on a regular basis for large groups of students. The course improved the students’ team skills and received a favourable evaluation from both students and faculty.

Cyberbullying is a serious youths issue in Malaysia where with regard to highest cyberbullying prevalence among youths, Malaysia is ranked at number 17th. Therefore, the aim of this this study is to identify youth’s engagement in cyberbullying activities. Using a quantitative approach, a total of 400 youths in Selangor, Malaysia were selected to be the respondents of this study by using a multi-stage cluster sampling. The results show that the most frequent cyberbullying activities action was to block individuals in instant messaging applications. Meanwhile, blocking others in an instant messaging application was a frequent form of cyberbully committed by Selangor youths. Cyberbullying is an emerging issue which would post negative implications if not taken seriously by all parties. All related parties inclusive of parents, teachers, educators and all members of virtual communities should create a positive environment that is able to prevent cyberbullying activities. Parental monitoring was highlighted and hopes it can be implying to reduce cyberbullying cases among youths.

This study aims to integrate the Qur'an and its translation in an instant messaging application. The method used This research uses a mixed method, which combines qualitative and quantitative methods. This study resulted in a product in the form of a chatbot named Quran Live Chat and concluded that there were benefits felt by users in searching for the latest verses and translations belonging to the Ministry of Religion for the 2019 edition of the refinement by using instant messaging applications such as Whatsapp and Telegram. This study recommends that further research be carried out related to the integration of the book of interpretation.

Research examining associations between social media use behaviors and psychosocial well-being among older adults are limited. To explore associations between older adults' social media (social networking services and instant messaging applications) use behaviors and psychosocial well-being. This was a secondary data analysis. All data were retrieved from the Taiwan Communication Survey database, an annual survey that examines trends in Taiwanese residents' communication behaviors and social media use. The original investigation was conducted in Taiwan from September to December 2019. Data from 647 older adults aged over 60 years were extracted for the analyses. Social media use behaviors (users/non-users and time spent using), positive psychosocial outcomes (life satisfaction, self-determination, subjective well-being, and happiness), negative psychosocial outcomes (loneliness, depression, and anxiety), and demographic variables were included. Social media users had significantly higher levels of subjective well-being and lower levels of depression, anxiety, and loneliness compared with non-users. Time spent on social networking services was significantly and positively correlated with negative psychosocial outcomes (β = 0.103, p = 0.044, f2 = 0.011), and it was significantly and inversely correlated with positive psychosocial outcomes (β = -0.063, p = 0.049, f2 = 0.004). Time spent using an instant messaging application was significantly positively associated with positive psychosocial outcomes (β = 0.068, p = 0.031, f2 = 0.005). The proposed path model had an acceptable model fit. Study results indicated that older adults' social media use behaviors were associated with their psychosocial well-being. Older adults are recommended to use social media for appropriate time periods as an important way to promote social engagement for their psychosocial well-being.

Advanced mobile messaging applications are growing ever more popular as they begin to add different social networking features. Apart from free voice calls and instant text messaging with friends, mobile apps also offer idiosyncratic cartoon stickers that serve as emoticons and are designed to make communicating more fun. Thus, this article intends to review and to describe some features related to traditional instant messaging and advanced mobile messaging applications.

Higher education institutions (HEIs) are increasingly adopting online learning procedures to facilitate and hopefully, enhance learning outcomes. However, concerns are arising regarding the reliability of this platform in measuring students learning outcomes. Unfortunately, these concerns are mainly linked with technological and administrative failures that are likely to occur before or during the assessment process, and not with the actual attainment of the learning objectives. Using literature review as the research method, this paper provides some perspectives on the effectiveness of online assessment in measuring student learning at the tertiary level. Examples from the authors’ own teaching experience are also provided to support the premise of the discussion. The research findings indicate that while both formative and summative online assessments are useful in measuring student learning at the tertiary level, there is no consensus on whether online platforms can be used effectively in both types of evaluation, with studies associating these platforms with various strengths and weaknesses. This study concludes that HEIs, having little choice at the current time, should take advantage of online platforms strengths in measuring certain types of student learning while at the same time, ponder on the questions raised in this study on the need to institute remedial procedures to mitigate these platforms limitations in measuring other types of learning that are difficult to capture using online assessment.