The Relationism Theory of Criminal Justice—A Paradigm Shift

Designing for youth across the Gulf: Fishbowl on how today's methods, theory and findings can support tomorrow's designs

The earliest characterisation of Australian sex offenders subjected to post‐sentence legislation is presented. Demographic, developmental, clinical, and criminal characteristics were obtained for sex offenders under post‐sentence orders in Western Australia, New South Wales, and Victoria. Data on 50 offenders were recorded from psychological and psychiatric risk assessment reports statutorily required at the initiation of post‐sentence legal proceedings. The findings describe a group of demonstrably dangerous men who exhibited an early onset of sexual offending, high rates of mental disorder, sexual deviance, and antisociality. Their developmental histories are characterised by early deprivation, disadvantage, abuse, early exposure to substance abuse, and social and psychological dislocation. These offenders present a conundrum to criminal justice agencies. They are an objectively unfortunate group and have engaged in significantly harmful behaviours. However, the early onset of their offending suggests that early intervention services, such as those offered by mental health professionals, have a critically important role to play in any effort to alter offending trajectories such as those exhibited in this sample. A paradigm shift in public policy from a post hoc model to a well‐resourced preventative and public health approach to the problem of sexual violence is proposed. Broad treatment implications are also considered.

The transformation of the penal paradigm for children from a retributive to a rehabilitative approach through the mechanism of diversion is a crucial component in realizing the best interests of the child within Indonesia’s juvenile justice system. Diversion not onlyoffers a more humane resolution to cases shielding children from the adverse impacts of formal litigation but also creates space for psychosocial recovery and social reintegration. However, its effectiveness in practice continues to face major challenges, includingthe limited awareness and capacity of law enforcement officers, insufficient victim participation, and the shortage of qualified facilitators such as community corrections officers. To address these issues, an integrative implementation model is required, onebased on multidisciplinary psychosocial assessment and involving the collaboration of legal authorities, correctional institutions, communities, andeducational entities. Furthermore, strong institutionaland policy support through thedevelopment of operational regulations, adequate budget allocations, continuous training, and a child-friendly legal culture is essential to ensure that the transformation of penal policy towards rehabilitation becomes a substantive reality rather than a merely normative aspiration

The current study investigates the decision by victims to report the crime to the police following identity theft victimization. Potential influences on the reporting decision are framed around two criminal justice theories—focal concerns theory and Gottfredson and Gottfredson’s theory of criminal justice decision making. The data used to examine this decision were collected from a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults as a supplement to the 2012 National Crime Victimization Survey. Results suggest that the decision to contact law enforcement is based on the seriousness of the offense, the victim’s knowledge of who committed the crime and how it was perpetrated, as well as practical considerations. These findings parallel other research into victim decision making generally, while also highlighting factors that may be unique to identity theft, notably the effects of income. The results also support the use of criminal justice theory to study and understand victim decision making.

Most criminal justice programs began as extensions of vocational technical training courses, but within the last decade they have begun to parallel the liberal arts programs originally proposed. As a result of this reorientation, criminal justice instructors lack many of the instructional methods used by colleagues in other fields. In addition, the dual nature of criminal justice instruction, requiring both experience and theory, places demands on criminal justice instructors that their colleagues may not experience. The field needs an instructional approach that blends the best of the vocational aspects and the theoretical underpinnings. This paper reviews cognitive learning theory, specifically Kolb's experiential learning model. Recommendations are offered for the application of this model to instruction in criminal justice courses.

This book examines the little or not previously researched roles and contributions of non-legal professionals in Japanese criminal justice against the background of recent social and legal changes that either gave birth to or affected the roles played by these outsiders. On the basis of a wealth of primary and secondary sources, including meeting records of policy makers and practitioners, surveys, interviews and court verdicts, the book zooms in on forensic psychiatrists’ role in the disappearance of criminally insane defendants from Japanese criminal courts; social workers’ new role in diverting a growing number of elderly, mentally disturbed repeat offenders from prison; the therapeutic dimension added to Japanese criminal justice proceedings with the introduction of a system of victim participation as well as the increasingly important role of forensic scientists’ contributions, notably DNA evidence, in Japanese courts. Finally, it examines lay judges’ contributions to sentencing practices as well as how these lay judges make sense of the other outsiders’ contributions. On the basis of very recent social and legal developments the book provides an original contribution to understandings of Japanese criminal justice, as well as more general socio-legal debates on the role of extra-legal knowledge in criminal justice. The book will be of value within BA and MA level courses on and to students and researchers of Japanese law and society as well as comparative criminal justice and socio-legal theory.

Previous articleNext article No AccessReview ArticlesNormal & Abnormal Justice in America: Reflections on the Rule of Law & American Politics Stonewall: The Real Story of the Watergate Prosecution. By Richard Ben-Veniste and George Frampton, Jr. The Great Fear: The Anti-Communist Purge under Truman and Eisenhower. By David Caute Politics and the Administration of Justice. By George F. Cole Policing a Free Society. By Herman Goldstein Class, State and Crime: On the Theory and Practice of Criminal Justice. By Richard Quinney Exclusionary Injustice: The Problem of Illegally Obtained Evidence. By Steven R. Schlesinger The American Police State: The Government against the People. By David Wise Adelaide H. VillmoareAdelaide H. Villmoare Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Polity Volume 13, Number 2Winter 1980 The Journal of the Northeastern Political Science Association Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2307/3234585 Copyright 1980 Northeastern Political Science AssociationPDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

List of Contributors. Introduction. Chapter 1 Understanding the Ethical Failures of Law Enforcement. Chapter 2 I am Second: Ethical Leadership and Self-Denial. Chapter 3 Ethical Issues in School Search and Seizure. Chapter 4 Ethical Issues for a Police Psychologist. Chapter 5 Responsible Action as a Construct for Ethical Leadership: Investigating the Effect of School and Community on Police Involvement in Student Disciplinary Affairs. Chapter 6 The Challenges of School-Police Partnerships in Large Urban School Systems: An Analysis of New York City's Impact Schools Initiative. Chapter 7 Institutional Moral Architecture: From Schools to Prisons. Chapter 8 In Pursuit of Equity and Excellence in Law Enforcement Leadership. Chapter 9 Theories of Criminal Justice: The Influence of Value Attributions on Correctional Education. Chapter 10 The Value Struggle Between the Families of Law Enforcement: The Family at Home and the Family at Work. Chapter 11 Discrimination Under Section 504 and the Americans with Disabilities Act. Chapter 12 Youth Detention Facilities and Restorative Justice: Lesson for Public Education. About the Authors. Index. Leadership in Education, Corrections and Law Enforcement: A Commitment to Ethics, Equity and Excellence. Advances in Educational Administration. Advances in Educational Administration. Copyright page.

A Theory of Criminal Justice

A Theory of Criminal Justice.

This book analyses a range of autobiographical and fictional texts which foreground issues of memory, history and trauma in the construction of identity. The author offers close readings of texts including Margaret Atwood's Cat's Eye, Toni Morrison's Beloved, George Perec's W Or the Memory of Childhood, and Anne Michaels's Fugutive Pieces. Memory, Narrative, Identity is a powerful contribution to the growing field of "trauma" and holocaust studies. It will be of relevance to those working in the areas of literary and cultural studies, which are witnessing a steady growth of interest in autobiography, theories of narrative, and the relationship between trauma, history and memory.

Not infrequently, societal engineers are accused of neglecting human values and of proposing impractical solutions to oversimplified problems. Sometimes this criticism is invited, and perhaps justified, by a tendency to go too far, too fast, in the modeling of complex social systems. As an example, these comments consider some possible reactions to Rabow's model of criminal justice.

Rethinking Synthesis in Global Criminal Justice

This chapter explores how institutional inter-generational trauma is perpetuated by criminal justice interventions into the lives of Indigenous women. We illustrate how past and present colonial policies and practices have shaped Indigenous women’s lives and resulted in disproportionate incarceration across welfare and penal domains. The chapter then examines the ways in which the criminal justice system characterises trauma to problematise and pathologise Indigenous women. It implores a paradigm shift from prisons to healing places that are nurtured by and for Indigenous women. It illustrates practices of healing, well-being and self-determination models embedded in Indigenous women’s organisations and services.

Class, State, and Crime: On the Theory and Practice of Criminal Justice.