The relationship between processing speed and working memory demand in systemic lupus erythematosus: Evidence from a visual n-back task.

(1) To determine the processing speed (PS) deficit in children with ADHD; and (2) To investigate if PS deficit was the primary cause of daily dysfunction in ADHD by testing the direct and indirect effects via working memory (WM) of PS on math fluency (MF). Seventy-eight children (52 children with ADHD and 26 controls) were tested on their motor, perceptual, cognitive, and verbal PS, WM, and MF. Children with ADHD performed worse than controls on all PS, suggesting a general PS deficit. Moreover, cognitive PS was a significant predictor for MF. Mediation analysis showed that cognitive PS had direct and indirect effects via WM on MF, suggesting PS deficit might be the primary cause of MF difficulties in ADHD. Findings of this study suggested a general PS deficit in ADHD. Due to the importance of PS in MF, interventions for MF underachievers should include assessment and training of PS.

SAT0281 Compensatory Brain Mechanisms To Maintain Cognitive Function in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

No abstract available.

PurposeImmune inhibitory receptors are important in maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmunity. We recently showed that the function of immune inhibitory CD200 Receptor (CD200R) changes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)...

BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are at an increased risk for infection. It is known that some SLE patients develop severe acute illnesses and require admission to the intensive care...

BackgroundThere is an evidence of poor adherence (ranging from 25% to 57%) to antimalarial (AM) medications in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We examine the association between...

Poor bone health is common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. This study was undertaken to evaluate fracture risks among low-income SLE and lupus nephritis patients compared to those without SLE. We performed a cohort study among SLE patients for whom there were Medicaid claims in 2007-2010, and age- and sex-matched non-SLE comparators. SLE was defined by the presence of ≥3 International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes for SLE. Patients with lupus nephritis additionally had ≥2 codes for renal disease. The primary outcome measure was fracture of the pelvis, wrist, hip, or humerus. Demographics, prescriptions, and comorbidities were assessed during the 180-day baseline period. We calculated fracture incidence rates and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) in SLE, lupus nephritis, and non-SLE comparator cohorts, and estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for fractures. Sensitivity analyses evaluated the impact of glucocorticoids and comorbidities. We compared subsets of SLE patients with and those without lupus nephritis. Among 47,709 SLE patients (19.8% with lupus nephritis) matched to 190,836 non-SLE comparators, the mean age was 41.4 years and 92.6% were female. The fracture incidence rate was highest among SLE patients with lupus nephritis (4.60 per 1,000 person-years). SLE patients had 2-fold higher fracture risks than matched comparators (HR 2.09 [95% CI 1.85-2.37]; P < 0.01). Lupus nephritis patients had the greatest fracture risks versus matched comparators (HR 3.06 [95% CI 2.24-4.17]; P < 0.01), and had a 1.6 times higher fracture risk than SLE patients without nephritis (HR 1.58 [95% CI 1.20-2.07]; P < 0.01). Adjustment for glucocorticoid use and comorbidities slightly attenuated risks. Fracture risks were increased in SLE patients, particularly those with lupus nephritis, compared to matched non-SLE Medicaid recipients. Increased risks persisted after adjustment for baseline glucocorticoid treatment and comorbidities.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients have tendencies of accelerated atherosclerosis (AS) which can only partly be explained by traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Imbalanced inflammation also plays a vital role. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a new therapeutic target for AS for its dual mechanisms in lipids and inflammation. We aimed to assess serum PCSK9 concentrations in SLE patients and its possible role in atherogenesis of SLE. Ninety SLE patients and 50 healthy controls were included. SLE patients were further divided into SLE-AS and SLE-NonAS subgroups, according to the carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). Traditional CVD risk factors, inflammatory biomarkers and PCSK9 concentrations were compared between: (I) SLE patients and controls; (II) SLE-AS subgroup and SLE-NonAS subgroup; (III) SLE patients with and without lupus nephritis (LN). Correlational analysis, univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis were applied to analyze the association between PCSK9 levels and disease parameter in SLE patients. Effects on PCSK9 concentrations by monotherapy with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), which is thought having protective effects against AS in SLE, were investigated by follow-up analysis in 15 SLE patients. We found that SLE patients had significantly elevated serum PCSK9 levels than controls, especially in SLE-As subgroup or those with LN, accompanied with higher ratio of cIMT thickening. Correlational analysis showed PCSK9 concentrations correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, age and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Univariate and multivariate linear regression revealed that only CRP, but not age or ESR was positive predictors of PCSK9. Interestingly, monotherapy with HCQ for three months significantly reduced PCSK9 and CRP levels in inactive SLE patients. Our results suggested that elevated PCSK9 levels in SLE are probably associated with atherogenic inflammation in SLE. HCQ, which is thought having protective effects against AS in SLE, can effectively reduce PCSK9 levels in SLE patients.

Objective Memory problems are among the most frequently reported cognitive complaints by individuals with an acquired brain injury (ABI). Processing speed and working memory deficits are often the result of ABI. These cognitive deficits significantly impact the acquisition and retention of information necessary for memory formation. This study investigated the influence of processing speed and working memory on immediate and delayed recall for verbal and visual memory, as well as overall memory recall in adults living with a chronic ABI. Methods Sixty-three participants living with a chronic ABI, who were at least one-year post-injury, were cognitively assessed with the CNS-Vital Signs (CNS-VS) computerized cognitive battery and Wechsler Test of Adult Reading. Results The CNS-VS Processing Speed significantly predicted delayed recall for verbal memory and overall memory performance. The CNS-VS Working Memory was not a significant predictor of memory recall. Conclusions Processing speed deficits negatively impact memory in individuals with a chronic ABI. These findings suggest the memory recall of adults with a chronic ABI is associated with poor processing speed and poor acquisition of information. Therefore, cognitive rehabilitation that improves processing speed should be the focus for individuals with ABI to improve memory performance as well as impaired processing speed.

BACKGROUND: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients living in Indonesia are prone to tuberculosis (TB) infection, since this country ranks second globally for TB prevalence. Isoniazid, an anti-tuberculosis (TB) drug, is metabolized by enzyme N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) that is encoded by NAT2 gene. NAT2 haplotype, referring as acetylator status, may predispose as genetic factor in SLE development or complicate SLE therapy. This study explored the NAT2 haplotypes and acetylator status among SLE patients living in a TB endemic area.METHODS: Genomic DNA of 260 registered SLE patients at The Rheumatology Clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia were isolated. NAT2 gene was amplified and sequenced, then NAT2 haplotypes and the acetylator status among SLE patients with or without TB history were determined and presented.RESULTS: Most of SLE patients registered were female (n=250; 96.2%). The median age of patients when SLE was diagnosed for the first time was 27 years old (8-69 years), with organ involvement predominantly in musculoskeletal (80.8%) and mucocutaneous (73.1%). TB history, mostly pulmonary TB, was present in 23.1% of SLE patients of whom TB was diagnosed before SLE (10.4%) or after SLE (10.7%) or both before and after SLE (2%). The acetylator status was mostly intermediate (61.5%) with the NAT2*4/*6B was the most prevalent haplotype (25.8%).CONCLUSION: There is a high number of intermediate and low acetylator status among SLE patients. Since these SLE patients live in TB endemic area, the NAT2 acetylator status determination among SLE patients before starting TB therapy may have clinical benefit to decrease a possible drug induced liver injury, and this warrants further study.KEYWORDS: NAT2, acetylator, systemic lupus erythematosus, tuberculosis

FRI0277 Arterial stiffness in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients: a controlled study

P001 Differential expression of key metabolic genes in antigen-specific B cell subsets in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus

SAT0411 Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An FMRI Study

BackgroundCirculating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are widely demonstrated biomarkers of endothelial function. Their frequency and function varied in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, with a significant association with subclinical atherosclerosis1....

252 Pap screening rates in systemic lupus erythematosus women at an academic center compared to non-SLE women with racial comparisons