The Symphony of Efficiency

Purpose The authors share a real-world case study of a multiple-year adoption process of robotic process automation (RPA) in procurement to add to the limited empirical research base on RPA in supply chain management. The Maersk case offers hard evidence of the value of RPA that can be used as a benchmark for decision-making in companies and as a basis for further research in key areas such as change management and behavioral aspects as well as return on investment on RPA and the need for RPA capability development. Design/methodology/approach Together with the co-author from Maersk, the authors cover a multiple year RPA program in procurements, to capture lessons learned and develop research questions for the future. The authors consider 39 generic action principles for RPA adoption in a specific procurement context. Findings The authors find RPA for procurement to be an enabler of strategic progress and of advancing the concept of triple values (enterprise, customer and employee) in a supply chain setting. The authors offer RPA adoption scoping guidance and show how, with growth and maturity of the program, conditions such as predictability of volume become less relevant as a scoping criterium. The authors also find that RPA augments work rather than replace staff. Maersk utilizes staff time freed up by automation to focus employees on more strategic priorities. The authors consider 39 generic action principles for RPA adoption in a procurement-specific context and develop additional action principles based upon the Maersk case. Originality/value The authors study both a unique and rich case to complement limited empirical research on RPA in procurement and supply chain management and the limited research into RPA past early stage adoptions. The authors address Hofmann et al.'s (2019) questions about the change management involved in RPA and consider generic RPA action principles from literature in this specific procurement setting. The authors extend those action principles and develop a rich set of research opportunities.

Transformative technology such as Robotic Process Automation (RPA) and Cloud Integration is the platform to achieve streamlining of operations, enhance employee productivity, and drive innovation for your business. While RPA automates repetitive, rule based work, cloud computing is the scalable, flexible and decentralized infrastructure for storing and processing of data, and collaboration. With RPA integrated with cloud platforms, organizations gain several advantages including accessibility, low cost and real time collaboration. Choosing the right cloud provider that supports RPA workloads, ensuring data flow seamlessly between RPA bots and cloud systems, and using cloud based RPA tools that can scale and that add flexibility, are the best practices for RPA and Cloud integration. It is also important to enforce robust security protocols, data governance as well as comply with risks. Integration is successful when RPA links with cloud native apps and services with as little disruption to work as possible and as much automation effect as possible. It is therefore recommended that performance monitoring, testing and continuous improvement of automation process should be given priority. Through the implementation of these best practices, organizations can attain near full potential RPA and cloud integration for operation efficiency, better customer experience and faster digital transformation. In this paper we explore the key strategies, challenges and solutions to ensure success with the integration of RPA into cloud technologies to help businesses looking to optimize the use of automation and cloud capabilities in unison.

Half of the world’s population resides in cities and this percentage is going to rise in the coming years. This rapid transformation of the economy and society is making traditional city management redundant. Intensive urbanization has brought with it some challenges. Scanty resources, population growth, increased carbon footprint, reduced air quality, congestion on roads, depriving health status, and falling food quality, all are prominent parts of cities. Does this bring a question in mind is accelerated growth sustainable? The answer and solution to this is an adaption of the Smart City Concept. A smart city integrates all the available technology with the requirements of city development and builds infrastructure which can improve the quality of life of citizens. Smart cities are designed in a manner to use minimum resources with maximum efficiency in all areas of urban life. It provides smart solutions using smart technologies. Urban needs and technological advancements meet in smart cities. It manages cities more quickly and effectively by using AI, IT technologies, and robotic process automation. Intelligent transportation, intelligent energy, intelligent governance, intelligent security, intelligent healthcare are all central to the idea of smart cities. The emphasis of this essay is on smart transit as a component of smart cities. The movement of people and goods across several geographical boundaries has been significantly aided by the transportation sector. Globally, the majority of smart cities face logistical and transportation issues. Both the fast growing human population and the increase in the number of cars on the road are to blame for this. In order to design and run a sustainable transportation system, technology may be of great assistance. Robotic systems for real-time vehicle data collection, traffic management, and using mobility on demand in trip planning through a single user interface have emerged as cities struggle with traffic congestion. The transportation industry, which faces difficulties including traffic congestion, unanticipated delays, and routing issues that cause businesses to lose money, has successfully used robotic process automation. Robotic process automation provides reliable results and affordable solutions while reducing uncertainty in the decision-making process. It is very helpful in designing and running a successful transit system. Robotic Process Automation (RPA) systems for obtaining real-time data from vehicles, buses, and trucks for traffic management and using mobility on demand in trip planning through a single user interface have emerged as cities struggle with poor management and congestion. By examining different uses of robotic process automation, it is possible to evaluate precise prediction and detection models that are intended to forecast traffic volume, an appropriate route, traffic conditions, accurate information about timing, incidents, and which time and roadway for transport are suitable for running and mobility. The application of RPA in smart cities could be seen in Intelligent Transportation Systems’ Traffic Management, Public Transportation, Safety Management, Manufacturing, and Logistics. The research focuses on areas of concern for smart cities in the sphere of the transportation sector and related difficulties that may be solved via robotic process automation. The article emphasizes the challenges and solutions for making smart transportation more effective by using Intelligent Robotic Transportation Systems.

In the era of technological advancement, there is a need to leverage Digital Transformation (DT) in the field of Human Resource Management. Integration of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) with Human Resource Management (HRM) Systems showcases a multifaceted array of advantages. Firstly, the findings reveal substantial time and cost savings, heightened accuracy in data management, streamlined workflows, and an improvement in overall operational efficiency. Secondly, it also reveals the transformative impact of HRM practices, elucidating the path towards a more agile, tech-driven, and sustainable future for the domain. This study helps to determine the impact of RPA implementation on overall HR effectiveness and the key challenges in the adoption of RPA in HRM practices. The article also talks about the different functional areas where RPA can help automate the business processes and workflow within HRM, including Recruiting, Onboarding, Payroll, Benefits, and Time and absence. The article also outlines how RPA can be leveraged to automate the data upload process typically performed on a frequent basis.

SYNOPSIS This study investigates the risk mitigation and internal control processes organizations implement in their robotic process automation (RPA) deployments in accounting. The roles of internal controls and risk mitigation are examined by exploring how RPA Program Managers have adopted internal controls and risk mitigation regarding RPA in accounting. Employing interviews with 20 RPA Program Managers, this study provides rich insights into RPA Governance for accounting processes. The interviews revealed that organizations adopt various governance models to ensure proper oversight over RPA in accounting. RPA Governance models range from being fully centralized to being entirely decentralized. RPA risk and control oversight includes unique risk assessments for the RPA accounting environment and specialized monitoring to ensure that RPA in accounting performs as expected. JEL Classifications: M41; M42.

Processes that contain repetitive and well-defined steps are more suitable for robotic process automation (RPA) than others. Many financial processes such as quarterly reports and balance sheet preparation fall into this category. Also, these processes are voluminous, making the benefits of RPA even more recognizable. Financial institutions (FIs) become aware of the benefits of RPA earlier than others and adopted RPA in many of their applications. Account reconciliations, reporting, and tax planning are among the processes that have been adapted to RPA. RPA has been a popular term in the industry for the last few years, only recently has it started to become a technology that’s within the reach of most organizations. RPA market has been almost doubling every year and it is expected to grow by more than 50 through 2020. Growth in the Turkish market is also substantial: between 2018 and 2020 more than 130 top companies have employed RPA robots in their infrastructure. Banks and technology companies in Turkey adapt RPA faster than other sectors, about 50% of the companies that adapted RPA are from these sectors. This paper discusses applications and advantages of RPA by giving examples from the finance and accounting in Turkey.

Objectives: Due to the explosive growth of the internet, mobile applications, machine learning, and new information technologies, new management methods that do not require face-to-face contact are spreading rapidly. Innovative approaches to process automation are needed in the era of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and firms are actively adopting and implementing solutions such as robotic process automation (RPA) to increase their operational excellence. The objective of this study is to address state-of-the-art use cases of RPA by IBM Korea to determine key factors related to successful RPA implementation. Methods: Multiple case study methods and triangulation of findings were used. This study examined several cases in which RPA was implemented and proposed an analytical framework for RPA. Results: This article described IBM’s RPA usage strategies to accelerate business process management and examined four cases of RPA implementation by client firms of IBM in South Korea. This case study found that IBM’s RPA solutions positively affected the client firms’ performance, suggesting that solutions like RPA could be essential for firms’ survival due to the benefits of process automation. Conclusions: Solutions using RPA can both reduce labor costs and improve the operational excellence of firms’ internal processes. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, process automation is increasingly essential. Practical issues such as change management and shadow work caused by process automation are discussed.

The rising complexity of enterprise operations, coupled with the demand for real-time responsiveness, has catalyzed the integration of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) in ERP systems. SAP, being a foundational technology for many global enterprises, is now at the forefront of RPA-driven innovation. This research paper explores how intelligent automation, driven by RPA, is reshaping SAP landscapes, making them more agile, scalable, and future-ready. Drawing from the strategic implementations led by Vaibhav Gupta, Senior Director of Digital Signature and Operations at Resolve Tech Solutions, the paper provides an in-depth view of how RPA tools are being deployed to modernize traditional SAP workflows. Gupta’s approach to RPA in SAP involves identifying repetitive, rule-based processes and designing automation bots that reduce manual intervention, accelerate execution time, and ensure data integrity. By embedding RPA into core SAP modules such as FI, MM, SD, and HR, his team has enabled clients to unlock efficiency gains while minimizing human error and increasing regulatory compliance. The paper also highlights the integration of RPA tools like UiPath and SAP Intelligent RPA with both ECC and S/4HANA systems. Through detailed data analysis and real-world examples, the study showcases the transformation of legacy workflows into digitally orchestrated processes with minimal disruption. It emphasizes the importance of a well-defined automation strategy, governance model, and continuous monitoring framework to scale RPA initiatives. Additionally, it evaluates user feedback and performance metrics post-implementation. This paper serves as a blueprint for CIOs, IT leaders, and SAP architects aiming to transition toward an intelligent enterprise model. It underscores that RPA is not merely a technology trend, but a strategic enabler of next-generation business transformation within SAP ecosystems.

This review explores the fast-growing importance of artificial intelligence (AI) with robotic process automation (RPA) in healthcare. AI uses intelligent algorithms to analyze data, while RPA automates repetitive tasks to improve efficiency and accuracy. These technologies are swiftly revolutionizing health care by improving diagnostic precision, accelerating administrative tasks, reducing operation timing, and improving patient care. Application of these technologies requires good technical understanding, preparedness for continuous learning, and adaptability to new challenges. This review aims to provide an in-depth study of the potential applications, present implementations, challenges, and future scope of AI with RPA in healthcare. It can provide information to researchers, professionals, and decision-makers regarding the application of the technologies under consideration for better productivity, increased security and accuracy of data, cost reduction, and personalization of healthcare provided to patients. The main results are that AI and RPA can ensure greater data security, provide supporting work in administration, like scheduling appointments and medical billing, make better decisions, enable telehealth and remote patient monitoring, reduce human error, and increase overall health outcomes. This review overviews the challenges in implementing robotics technology, focusing mainly on secondary sourcejournals, scholarly articles, and reference books. Key findings indicate that this study reveals how robotics could alleviate healthcare professionals. Further research, investment, and collaboration will be needed to enable these technologies to reach their full potential for healthcare delivery. However, challenges such as data privacy and security concerns, high implementation costs, and regulatory and ethical considerations must be addressed. The conclusion emphasizes that while these technologies are revolutionizing healthcare by increasing efficiency and personalizing patient care, ongoing research, investment, and collaboration are essential for their successful adoption.

Automation technology is changing and transforming innovation into the industrial landscape and Human Resources (HR) should ensure to adapt and practice its deployment to realise its benefits in time and for cost savings. The implementation of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) in HR can help to offer better service to ensure compliance of the processes with standards and regulations. RPA is a software technology that manages software robots to emulate human actions when interacting with digital platforms. RPA is a solution that could perform repetitions to take over activities carried out by humans. However, a robot is not thought to be able to replace the HR but is, instead, useful to support driven processes. The purpose of the study is to prove the efficiency and effectiveness of RPA in the Human Resource Management System (HRMS) compared to the manual process performed by a human. Different types of components and characteristics were identified to adopt RPA in HRMS based on the data measurement in the implementation process. This study designs and develops an HRMS model using RPA tools to achieve the target process. The model was developed based on a case study of an existing model of RPA in HRMS from an IT consultancy industry. In the HR process, the project uses an application focusing on the parameters of gathering, storing and accessing employees’ information from other modules. Lastly, the gaps in the HRMS to improve productivity are evaluated and explained.

New digital solutions that automatise white-collar work have received considerable attention in contemporary news and caused speculation about the future of various professions. In this chapter, the authors address robotic process automation (RPA) and the revitalised extinction prophecy related to the accounting profession. In the context of the extinction prophecy, they analyse the portfolio of accounting tasks and review the accounting literature, with a focus on RPA as a digital solution. The portfolio of accounting tasks analysis demonstrates that RPA mainly targets administrative tasks, leaving more analytical tasks unaffected. They review the current state of research on RPA in the accounting field but fail to find explicit support for the extinction prophecy. Therefore, the authors suggest a sceptical view of this alongside an acknowledgement of the opportunities provided by RPA.

The paper has reviewed how Robotic Process Automation (RPA) can be implemented in Human Resource (HR) activities and how it can become a revolutionary technology to improve organizational efficiency. Based on a comprehensive analysis of 35 scholarly articles and 10 case studies in the industry published since 2021 and until 2025, the study found the most important HR processes, like payroll processing, onboarding, tracking leaves, and screening during the recruiting process, as the main processes that could become a good candidate of RPA implementation. Those findings showed that organizations using RPA recorded significant improvement in task completion time (varying between 62 percent and 71 percent), significant reduction in errors occurring in performing routine administrative tasks. The HR departments have also noted increased compliance, accuracy of data and delivery of service to its employees. A strategic advantage was the movement of the HR staff to programs of high value such as employee engagement and workforce planning. Along with its advantages, the study has eventually identified disadvantages, including staff resistance to it, difficulty in integrating it with old systems, and the initial cost of its implementation is high. These findings emphasized the significance of the digital preparedness, the appropriate choice of tools and change management as outcomes of a successful RPA adoption. To conclude this paper, in spite of being expensive and demanding to be carried out in a wise manner and in harmony with the overall strategies of the organization, RPA can be characterized as a revolutionizing development of HRM.

Robotic process automation (RPA) has recently been subject to colossal hype. Although hype and expectations around technological innovation have been researched at length, there is limited research into the impact of hype at a firm level from an adopter’s perspective. Through an inductive multi-case study of five organizations from the banking, financial services and insurance (BFSI) sector that have adopted RPA over the past five years, we attempted to answer the question: how does RPA technology hype reach the shores of organizations and what adoption behaviour and decision making does it drive? Findings point to the critical role of senior management as instigators of adoption and legitimation, which goes beyond the sponsorship role identified in extant theory. Results also demonstrate that RPA adoption is driven by a ‘hunt’ for use cases by interdisciplinary teams, which exposes long-standing operational problems while at the same time offers opportunities for organizational learning. We contribute to a theoretical understanding of the organizational performativity of hype and draw lessons for industry practitioners considering RPA and other hyped technologies for organizational adoption.

The integration of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) into Human Resources (HR) functions represents a significant advancement in organizational efficiency and effectiveness. RPA technology automates repetitive and rule-based tasks, allowing HR professionals to focus on strategic initiatives that add value to the organization. This paper provides a comprehensive introduction to RPA within HR, detailing its applications, benefits, implementation strategies, and how its principles can be transferred to other domains such as finance. By examining the transformative potential of RPA, organizations can better prepare for the future of work, where automation and human ingenuity coexist to drive success.

The recent outbreak of COVID-19 across the globe has been a challenge not just to the health & well-being of people. However, it has also led to a downturn in the economy throughout the world. The purpose of this study is to thoroughly investigate the possible use of emerging technologies such as robotic process automation (RPA) and artificial intelligence (AI) in order to find ways to tackle corona virus, its impact on the economy, and the people. The other technology involved is RPA which is a type of process that can easily and efficiently make it convenient for any machine to handle a repetitive task. When these two technologies are coupled, they can be used in a wide range of applications. This paper explains how RPA and AI can separately, used in various industries and sectors to tackle and effectively reduce the corona virus pandemic’s negative impact.