Tool for Greener Tourism: Evaluating Environmental Impacts

The article provides proposals for the implementation of mechanisms for managing the sphere of tourism in Ukraine at the local level − at the tourist destination.The regulatory and legal framework is considered as an element of the effectiveness of the complex management system of the tourist destination, taking into account the world practices of conducting tourist business.The features of managing regional tourist destinations based on the concept of Smart Tourism Destination are also considered.Tourist destinations that use ETIS indicators have the opportunity to measure the effectiveness of economic development or, on the contrary, shortcomings in terms of implementation, to provide an assessment of the accessibility of tourist locations and tourist magnets for different categories of tourists using unique main and additional indicators.It has been proven that SMART-specialization of a tourist destination allows you to choose a direction of activity for further effective development.The elements of the destination management process include: planning and monitoring, communication and coordination, development of tourism products and improvement of service quality, training, development of tourism infrastructure, attraction of financing and investments, and marketing.It is proposed to develop an effective mechanism for implementing the management system of tourist destinations in the regions of Ukraine and particularin Mykolaiv Oblastbased on the Smart Tourism Destination system.The changes in the tourist and recreational zones, which are presented today, have been revealedfive tourist and recreational zones. Territorial communities of the Mykolaiv region are divided into four groups according to their suitability for carrying out tourist and recreational activities. Also, all territorial communities are grouped into three tourist and recreational zones according to the integral indicator.As an example of the implementation of the best world and European practices, taking into account the successful experience of implementing modern approaches to the management of tourist destinations, the development of the stages of creating a tourist and recreational destination on the territory of the Koblev territorial community, which consists of five stages of activity, is given. The implementation mechanisms (organizational-legal, financial-economic, informational, technological) of the model of creating a tourist-recreational destination based on the concept of Smart Tourism Destination, taking into account the principle of SMART-specialization ‒ an approach to determining the directions and priorities of the development of territories, which is based on available assets and resources, specific socio-economic challenges, unique opportunities for the region's contribution to the system of the tourist destination industry, were also analyzed.It has been proven that each territorial community, using the concept of Smart Tourism Destination, can move from one group to another, thus increasing the efficiency of tourist and recreational activities and socio-economic status.Keywords: tourism, tourist destination, SMART specialization, tiered management system, tourist product, territorial community

The present paper aims to assess the importance of different factors influencing demand conditions for a tourist destination on the basis of individual stakeholder perceptions. The relationship between the tourist demand conditions and individual influential factors, such as inherited resources, created resources, supporting factors and resources, destination management and situational conditions is examined using regression analysis. Existing studies on tourism destination and tourism demand were reviewed and their limitations were identified. The study is limited to Slovenian as a tourist destination, but can be generalised to other regions. The study offers important contributions for research (an appropriate conceptual and measurement model of competitiveness indicators) and for practice (important information for tourism stakeholders is the obtained result about the significance of appropriate and qualified tourism managers). Mailed structured questionnaire data for this study were collected from tourism stakeholders on the supply side. The respondents were selected from tourism industry stakeholders, government officials, tourism school academics and postgraduate students on tourism courses. Out of 291 questionnaires sent, 118 or 41 % were returned. The principal components method was applied in the first phase. A new synthetic variable – a principal component for each of the six groups of variables was calculated. Before conducting a principal component analysis correlations among the variables in each of the six groups were calculated and we proceeded with Bartlett’s test of sphericity, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy. At the end, the linear regression model was applied. The first independent variable, NACURES, has a weak, positive and not statistically significant influence on DEMCON. The second independent variable, CRERES, has a positive influence on demand conditions, DEMCON, but is not of convincing statistical significance. The third independent variable, SUPFAC, negatively influences the dependent variable, but this influence is weak and not statistically significant, The fourth independent variable, MGT, has a strong and statistically significant impact. The fifth independent variable, SITCON, has a statistically significant and negative influence on the DEMCON. This study examined factors determining tourism demand for Slovenia as a tourist destination. It gives valuable information, which hopefully will help tourism stakeholders, especially tourism managers to respect more the meaning of different factors influencing tourism demand.

Comprehensive carbon footprint analysis of wastewater treatment: A case study of modified cyclic activated sludge technology for low carbon source urban wastewater treatment

The tourism sector as one of the leading sectors in Pasuruan still faces many obstacles. The constraints associated with conditions that require improvement on tourist destination related to the presence of infrastructure, zoning, the gap between the tourism destination in the West and the East area, up to the level of visitation which has decreased from year to year. The aims of the studi were to describe and analyze Tourism Destination Management conducted by Department of Culture and Tourism Pasuruan at Banyu Biru and Ranu Grati object to become competitive and sustainable tourism destination. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study method locus in the Department of Culture and Tourism Pasuruan. The results of this study indicate that the tourism destination management of Banyu Biru and Ranu Grati when reviewed in terms of competitiveness, still needs a lot of improvement related to the presence of tourism facilities and the quality of employees as service providers. In terms of sustainability, it shows that the synergy between the regional government and tourism stakeholders need to be improved. The need for the establishment of cooperation with third parties in management of tourism destination in Banyu Biru and Ranu Grati, can be used to optimize the carrying capacity and tourist destination marketing system at Banyu Biru and Ranu Grati in order to compete in a competitive and sustainable way Keywords: tourism destination management, competitiveness, sustainability

Steel pipe applications are more widely used, but there are no comparative analysises about the environmental impact and energy consum of steel pipe and its production processes. This article investigated the environmental implications of three typical steel pipe production processes based on energy materials and life cycle assessment perspective. We modeled scenarios, calculated energy consumed and six aspects which classified as GWP, ODP, AP, EP, POCP and DUST. The rank of energy consumed in descending order is C-Pipe> H-Pipe> W-Pipe. Welded steel pipe is the best energy-friendly material in term of energy consumption. The rank of impact potential according to normalized results in descending order is GWP>AP>DUST>EP>POCP>ODP. The rank of impact potential according to weight factor in descending order is AP>DUST>GWP>ODP>EP>POCP. Acid Potential is the most significant factor. The weight factor of AP is almost twice as much as that of GWP. In environmental terms, the environmental depletion index of welded pipe production process is lowest with minimal environmental impact and the cold drawn pipe production process the highest with largest environmental impact. Welded steel pipe is the best environment-friendly material in term of environmental impact. Utilization of green energy and waste heat can effectively reduce the environmental implications for both hot rolling pipe and cold drawn pipe production processes.

Environmental impact of water-use in buildings: Latest developments from a life-cycle assessment perspective

Tourism destinations represent a central element of research in tourism, given that the majority of the tourist activities take place in them. Accordingly, this paper is aimed at highlighting the importance of adequate strategic management of tourism destinations, as well as the key role of strategic marketing management of tourism destinations. This paper presents the review of literature devoted to the stages of the tourism destination marketing planning process, as well as the literature devoted to the differences between traditional and digital marketing planning process in all sectors, without directly focusing on tourism. Accordingly, the contribution of this paper lies in connecting the two subjects and proposing the framework for tourism destinations digital marketing planning process.

To achieve the favourable competitiveness position, tourist destination has to offer quality experiences to tourists that can make the destination more attractive compared to other tourist destinations. The role of destination management is to exploit and develop existing resources by using clear and effective strategies for developing tourism products and creating additional value of tourist experience. The first step of analysis is to define destination competitiveness by using the indicators which will review and give the guidelines for improvement of competitive position. This paper discusses the tourist destinations' competitiveness and indicators for its measurement with a special reference to Serbia. Tourism development of Serbia is a big chance for overall economic development of the country. Current competitive position of Serbian tourism on international market is not satisfactory and this paper is trying to analyze and to point out the reasons of Serbia's tourism low competitiveness. Conclusions about the competitive positioning of Serbia as a tourist destination are drawn out firstly based on the relevant studies as well as on the Serbian Tourism Development Strategy. The results of Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (WEF TTCI) reports for Serbia are also presented. Based on own research, this paper is also showing the results related to competitiveness of Serbia as a tourist destination in terms of two groups of indicators: natural, cultural and historical resources as well as destination management. According to the results, Serbia is more competitive in its natural, cultural and historical resources comparing to the role of destination management.

Introduction. Tourism should be the driving force of the economy, creating jobs, contributing to the active lifestyle of the host communities. In this regard, the study of the formation of tourism development policy and destination management is undoubtedly relevant. The analysis of the relationship between the management of tourist destinations and the recommendations of the tourism development policy is an under-researched aspect of the tourist destination management. The purpose of this article is to study the management of destinations in the context of shaping regional tourism policy. Methodology and sources. The methodology of the article is based on conceptual sociological provisions on the management of tourist destinations, based on a wide range of authors and well-established sociological theories. The key influences include the ideas of strategic coordination, cooperation of interest groups and the concept of sustainable development in tourism management. Results and discussion. The article examines the relationship and defines the concepts of “tourism policy” and “destination management”. The relationship is expressed in the fact that destination management as an instrument of regional tourism development policy implements the plans set by that policy. The management of a tourist destination operates at the operational and tactical levels, at the level of a specific place/ locality. Tourism policy is the collective guiding principles, strategies, and rules that are used by governments and organizations to manage the tourism industry. Policy creates a structure within which destinations are managed. Conclusion. Tourist destination management is a key tool of regional tourism policy, coordinating all aspects of a tourist destination to ensure its sustainability and competitiveness. It involves the joint efforts of stakeholders such as business, government and the community. By integrating various management functions and aligning them with other regional strategies such as transportation development and environmental protection, tourist destination management can create a holistic and high-quality visitor experience while supporting the local community.

Tourism is second largest economic activity to mining in Botswana. Botswana tourism is wildlife based and is dependent heavily on water resources. Tourists are attracted by the ecological scenic beauty and wildlife based activities which include camping, game drive, photographing, boating among others mainly in the northern Botswana (Chobe and Okavango Delta). Tourism accommodation facilities are increasing rapidly to cope with the increase in wildlife tourism in the Okavango Delta. Tourism development in contrast erodes the natural environment which it depends on. This paper describes employees’ perceptions of environmental impacts of tourism activities in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Sustainable tourism with emphasis on environmental sustainability forms the theoretical framework of this paper. Data were collected using both primary (employees and key informants interviews) and secondary (intensive review of journals, reports and government publication) data sources. Results indicated that 56.4% (54) agreed of which 26.2% (22) strongly agreed that tourism activities are causing environmental impacts in the Okavango Delta. Perceived environmental impacts include pollution (land, water, noise and air), creation of illegal roads and disturbance of plant and animal species by tourism activities. Tourism vehicles especially for game drive are increasing rapidly in the Okavango Delta. This includes tourism private cars, mobile safaris, suppliers of goods and services to accommodation facilities and researchers. Factors resulting in environmental degradation are linked to poor policy implementation by both tourism operators and government officials. Poor monitoring and implementation of environmental policies, plans and laws together with authority manpower, equipment and vehicle shortages propagates environmental impacts in the Okavango Delta. Despite the perceived environmental impact the Okavango Delta is pristine and has rejuvenating properties. This paper suggests that the respective authorities should reinforce, monitor and implement environmental strategies, policies and regulations in collaboration with tourism stakeholders with the aim of sustainable tourism development in the Okavango Delta.

According to UNWTO report, the international tourist arrivals reached 1.2 billion people in 2016. There was 5% growth in the developed countries and 2% growth in the developing countries, including Indonesia. In 2016, Indonesia welcomed 11.52 million international tourists. As the second biggest city in Indonesia, Surabaya has important roles for the country. Receiving around 564,000 international tourists in 2016, Surabaya had changed into a tourism destination. The development began in 2005 when Surabaya Tourism Promotion Board was set up to promote the city tourism. This board consists of private tourism business, such as hotels, restaurants, travel agents and tourist attraction operators. They are working together with other tourism stakeholders in Surabaya. This study aims to reveal the roles of private business in developing Surabaya as tourism destination. The study describes the activities done by private business to develop Surabaya, such as conducting promotional activities, developing products, initiating new programs and joining in international events. Moreover, they are actually helping their own business as well as supporting tourism destination development in Surabaya. This study shows that commitment, consistency, and collaboration among private business as the stakeholders are the keys to develop tourism destination in Surabaya.Keywords: Destination, Development, Private Business, Roles, Surabaya, Tourism.

Pasraman, as a Hindu educational institution, has great potential to become a unique and attractive tourism destination, especially those based on religion and culture. However, the development of pasraman as a tourism destination requires the important role of effective communication. This article aims to explore the role of communication in the development of Pasraman as a tourism destination. Through a literature review and case studies, this research discusses the dynamics of communication involved in the process of developing pasraman as a tourism destination and the implications for tourism management and marketing. The research findings show that internal communication between acarya and brahmacari pasraman, as well as external communication between tourists and local communities, have an important role in building an authentic and sustainable tourism experience. In addition, the use of digital communication and social media also provides great opportunities in promoting and expanding the reach of pasraman as a tourism destination. The implications of this research underscore the importance of effective communication management in supporting the development of pasraman as a sustainable tourism destination and contributing to the preservation of Hindu culture. This article is expected to provide insight and practical guidance for managers and stakeholders in utilizing communication as the main tool in strengthening the role of Pasraman as an attractive and competitive tourism destination.

Soundscape tourism has become one type of tourism, and its trend is emerging in most areas with hilly, forested, and natural landscapes, such as Bantul Indonesia, becoming a mainstay for region development and its community. This article explores four human manufactured soundscape tourism destinations in Bantul, Indonesia, examining the interrelationships between each tourism stakeholder and pinpointed development from a socio-economic perspective. We adopt a cross-case study approach, drawing main sources from government statistics, regulations, social media narratives, and online news. Using the NVivo 12 Plus software, we coded and annotated the research source. Our research revealed that in four case studies, tourism soundscapes emerged as the primary tourist attractions, with other attractions only marginally contributed. Presenting music or acoustic stages enabled tourism industry to reap benefits, particularly for local community and regional income. However, it is important to emphasize sustainability issues, thus, the continuous increased in music soundscape in nature has led to the formation of collaborations among tourism actors, with local communities “Pokdarwis” posed as the principal driving force behind destination development. This study demonstrates that human-manufactured soundscapes have the potential to increase visitor numbers and outperform natural soundscapes in natural destinations.

Background/Objectives: Despite its growing application, life-cycle assessment (LCA) in the nutraceutical sector has not been systematically studied, leaving a gap in our understanding of the unique challenges of assessing its environmental footprint. The main objective of this study was to provide an overview of scientific publications related to nutraceuticals from the LCA perspective. Methods: This review combined bibliometric analysis, using VOSViewer as an analytic tool, with the search of the Web of Science database, aiming to identify the most relevant papers associated with nutraceuticals and life-cycle assessment. Results: The final selection of the most relevant publications was set at 65, analyzing 78 different nutraceuticals. Results reveal that the main sources of raw materials for extraction of nutraceuticals are marine-based, plant-based, and from agri-food waste. Polyphenols were analyzed 34 times and were predominantly sourced from plants, while carotenoids, analyzed 17 times, were mainly linked with marine-based and food waste-derived sources. The main environmental footprints were focused on climate change, covering most of the nutraceuticals analyzed (97.4%), followed by acidification (78.2%) and eutrophication (74.4%). SimaPro was the prevailing software used for 43.6% nutraceuticals, while the prevailing database was Ecoinvent, used in two thirds of the cases (66.7%). ReCiPe, as a life-cycle inventory assessment method, was used for calculating 34.6% of analyzed cases, followed by CML (33.3%). Conclusions: This systematic review highlights the main challenge in LCA studies, outlining great variability in study boundaries, functional units, and reported environmental footprints, and making it difficult to compare the environmental impacts of similar nutraceutical groups from a life-cycle perspective. This underscores the urgent need to improve input-data quality and develop standardized methodologies to validate sustainability claims using LCA.

Perkembangan industri di Indonesia yang pesat memberikan dampak positif terhadap perekonomian, tetapi juga berdampak negatif pada lingkungan akibat kurangnya perhatian pengelolaan limbah dari kegiatan produksi. Untuk mengurangi dampak buruk tersebut, penerapan konsep produksi bersih menjadi sangat penting. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) merupakan pendekatan untuk mengevaluasi dan mengukur dampak lingkungan secara menyeluruh dari suatu produk sepanjang siklus hidupnya. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada Pengawas dan Analis Lingkungan di Dinas Lingkungan Hidup (DLH) Kabupaten Pangkep dalam memahami, memonitoring, dan mengevaluasi dampak lingkungan perusahaan sesuai persyaratan PROPER Nasional, s Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik dan Informatika, Universitas Patria Artha.erta mendukung tercapainya beberapa poin Sustainable Development Goals. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan metode transfer IPTEKS kepada pihak mitra (DLH). Luarannya adalah kemampuan mitra dalam mengidentifikasi area perbaikan, tahapan siklus hidup penyebab dampak signifikan, melakukan penilaian dan evaluasi dampak lingkungan, menyampaikan hasil LCA, serta memberikan informasi berbasis data untuk pengambilan keputusan. Selama kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan pengukuran tingkat pemahaman peserta pelatihan tentang LCA dengan membagikan kuesioner pra kegiatan dan pasca kegiatan. Dari hasil kuesioner pra kegiatan menunjukkan 90% peserta belum pernah mendengar dan mempelajari terkait LCA. Berdasarkan kuesioner pasca kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa 100% peserta sudah mengetahui penggunaan dan pemanfaatan LCA secara umum dalam melakukan penilaian dampak lingkungan. ABSTRACT The rapid industrial development in Indonesia has a positive impact on the economy, but also has a negative impact on the environment due to a lack of attention to waste management from production activities. To reduce these adverse impacts, the implementation of cleaner production concepts becomes very important. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an approach to evaluate and measure the overall environmental impact of a product throughout its life cycle. This community service activity aims to provide knowledge to Environmental Supervisors and Analysts at the Pangkep Regency Environmental Service in understanding, monitoring, and evaluating the environmental impact of companies according to the requirements of the National PROPER, as well as supporting the achievement of several Sustainable Development Goals points. This community service activity is carried out using the Science and Technology transfer method to the party (DLH). The expected outcomes are the ability of partners to identify areas for improvement, life cycle stages that cause significant impacts, conduct environmental impact assessments and evaluations, convey LCA results, and provide data-based information to support decision-making. During the community service activity, the level of understanding of the training participants about LCA was measured by distributing pre-activity and post-activity questionnaires. The results of the pre-activity questionnaire showed that 90% of participants had never heard of or studied LCA. Based on the post-activity questionnaire, it showed that 100% of participants were aware of the general use and utilization of LCA in conducting environmental impact assessments. Keywords: Life cycle assessment, production system, environmental impact, product life cycle.