Tools in Problem-Solving Methodology as Strategic Basis for the Development of Modern Enterprises

We often watch computer science students struggle to write programs to solve a programming problem. Quite often the student reads the given problem, turns on their computer, starts their programming language application, and begins to type. They give little thought to the problem or the design of their solution. The end result-a poorly designed program, that if it even works, has consumed much more of the student's study time than the instructor intended. Some students eventually derive their own problem solving methodologies, but many continue to struggle, earn poor grades, become frustrated with computes science, and eventually leave the field. This paper proposes a method of introducing problem solving and programming methodologies that will help the student avoid the frustration of poorly designed solutions and programs and instead devote more time to design than coding.

The article discusses the features of the transformation of enterprise development management in an inclusive economy, emphasizing the significant benefits of inclusive entrepreneurship. This article reflects a new approach to enterprise management, one that opens up new opportunities and increases organizational competitiveness. The purpose of the study is to consider theoretical issues related to the spread of inclusive policy in the management and development of modern enterprises and organizations. An inclusive approach to financial and economic activities expands the company's ability to increase competitiveness in the market by: expanding the sales market; creating a barrier-free environment to attract new employees; enhancing the company's brand values and consumer loyalty; piquing investors' interest; and creating a positive reputation in the market. The main directions of transformation of enterprise development management in the context of inclusive entrepreneurship are determined. The main directions of changes in enterprises' pricing and investment policy in implementing the principles of inclusive development are generalized. Changing the management strategy in the formation of the personnel potential of the enterprise should consider the principles of implementation of inclusive business development. They are based on increasing the participation of all segments of the population in society, especially those who have difficulties in physical development. In the context of the implementation of the principles of inclusive development, the pricing policy of the enterprise should be aimed at ensuring the availability of goods (services) for the most vulnerable segments of the population. The possibilities of implementing the principles of inclusive development, which will increase the competitiveness of the enterprise (organization), are identified. These include increasing the potential by expanding the market for products, entering new market segments, and improving the reputation of the enterprise. The presented data indicate the need to create equal employment opportunities for socially vulnerable segments of the population, as well as proposals for new approaches to solving the problems of consumers with special needs. The implementation of the principles of inclusive development involves changes in the pricing, personnel and production policy of the enterprise. These changes not only enhance the enterprise's competitiveness but also bolster its reputation as a socially responsible entity, thereby reassuring stakeholders about the potential benefits of this approach. Keywords: inclusive economy, enterprise management, vulnerable groups of the population, business, economy, employment

This article is devoted to the definition and analysis of such a concept as "Internet marketing". In the work will be studied different definitional approaches to the interpretation of this definition, put forward their own judgment about what is Internet marketing based on the analysis of literature and considered briefly retrospective analysis of the formation of Internet marketing, what types of marketing, at what stage it was and still is. The paper will also focus on modern forms of Internet marketing: "Marketing 4.0" and "Marketing 5.0". The author will describe how these types differ from each other and which one should be used by a modern commercial organization. At the same time, the work pays special attention to the need to create at the enterprise is not just traditional marketing, and it is the use of digital technologies inherent in Internet marketing. As a result of the research conclusions are made about the huge influence of Internet marketing on the development of modern enterprises and once again emphasizes that such a new promotion strategy is not stable, it has already developed and there are many of its forms that have changed over time.

The article analyzes the impact of emotional burnout on the development of modern enterprises in the context of expanding international economic relations. Information on the main causes of emotional burnout in staff is given, namely: excessive workload, work involving prolonged interaction with people, imbalance between personal and professional life, lack of proper recreation, inability of employees to organize their time (the lack of time-management skills), inflated requirements for themselves, lack of appropriate remuneration from the employer organization and employee motivation. The categories of professions whose representatives are most prone to emotional burnout are identified. Data on the most common signs of emotional burnout of staff are presented. The consequences of ignoring the psycho-emotional state of employees of the enterprise on the results of work are also generalized. Information on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the emotional state of the personnel of enterprises in various industries is presented (special attention is paid to the impact of the emotional burnout syndrome on medical and educational workers). The problem of quantitative measurement of the emotional burnout syndrome is raised, information on the emotional burnout syndrome is presented, which is the result of a survey of 1,029 US residents in 2017. Information on phenomena similar to the emotional burnout syndrome (depression and stress) is given. There are two approaches to the selection of stages of emotional burnout - the approach of J. Greenberg, who identifies five stages of emotional burnout, and V. Boyko, who identifies three stages. In addition, methods of elimination of emotional burnout and prevention measures are summarized, recommendations for employees of the enterprise and for management on combating this phenomenon are given.

In the article possibilities of increase in the level of competitiveness are certain by industrial enterprises in the conditions of realization of strategies of their development. Theoretical and methodological basis of research are the scientific developments of home and foreign scientists, related to the competitiveness as priority economic factor of strategic development and functioning of industrial enterprise in a changeable environment, materials of the specialized scientific conferences and symposiums. The research showed that strategic changes that come forward as a mortgage of creation of future competitive edges are the result of providing the protracted development of enterprise in the corresponding competition terms of business. It is shown that the basic condition of development and effective functioning of modern enterprises in market conditions is high competitiveness, and the main feature of development of industrial enterprises on microeconomic level is, first and foremost, a general strategic orientation to the markets of sale, source of supply, and also to placing of production facilities in different countries of the world. There are analysed general competitive strategies that provide the business level of the diversified enterprise and business level of his management. Special attention is focused on the necessity of development of global strategy, that allows to use the resources got in one part of the world, to win competition over other, aimed at development and improvement of competition position of enterprise in the future. The process of managing a competitiveness and implementation of functions of administrative activity phases is investigated at all levels of the sensor-based system of organization, which is the necessary condition of realization of strategy of development of enterprise. The obtained results of the research make the basis for the scientific ground of competitiveness management process that is the necessary condition of realization of strategy of enterprise development. The expediency of study and analysis of existent strategies as an instrument of forming competitiveness, and also forming personal strategic development on this basis.

Corporate culture is the key to the survival and development of enterprises. Corporate moral responsibility is an important part of the construction of corporate culture, a core element of the sustainable development of an enterprise, and a key component of the core values of an enterprise. To strengthen the construction of corporate culture with corporate moral responsibility as its content is the inevitable way for the development of modern enterprises.

A high level of quality, efficiency, innovation and flexibility is the basic conceptual feature of innovative enterprises, while in order to build an innovative country, the successful functioning of a large number of innovative enterprises in it is necessary. The article is devoted to the study of the process of forming a modern paradigm for the formation of an innovative strategy for the development of an enterprise. The methods used in writing the work are complex and relate to analysis and synthesis. The article shows the role and place of innovations in the innovative activity of modern enterprises, describes the tasks of the existence of a modern successful enterprise. The significance of technological progress of enterprises is depicted and the importance of the technological factor is proven. The concept of an innovative enterprise and the features of its functioning are presented. The key factors of the competitiveness of enterprises are depicted, which today are inextricably linked with technological innovations. The innovative development of an enterprise is described as an integral process of the sustainable development of a modern enterprise. It is proposed to divide the system of innovative behavior of innovative enterprises into three subsystems (organizational, technological innovations and enterprise efficiency). It is stated that the innovative development of an enterprise should be a diversified ecosystem, an organization that is too homogeneous and cannot adapt to the rapidly changing environment. It is proved that the theory and practice of sustainable development of modern enterprises have proven that innovation is a powerful engine for the continuous progress of human society. It is illustrated that technological improvement requires a high degree of autonomy, high intensity and continuous investment in research and development, as well as the support of high-tech talents. It is concluded that innovative enterprises should work between various innovations as a whole, realize dynamic adaptability in the process of enterprise development, enhance their competitiveness and promote their sustainable development.

The aim of the article is to identify the external environmental factors that most significantly affect the operations of hospitality enterprises and to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the intensity of their impact on the development of these enterprises. The results of the comprehensive assessment of the intensity of external environmental factors’ impact have shown that the hospitality sector in Ukraine, like any business, develops under the direct influence of a wide range of external factors, some of which are unpredictable. To evaluate the impact of a large number of weakly structured and heterogeneous external environmental factors, a list of factors crucial for maintaining the economic activity of enterprises during a crisis period has been compiled, grouped according to the components of the GETS (government, economy, technology, society) model. To ensure a comprehensive approach to assessing the intensity of external factors’ impact on the development of hotel and restaurant enterprises, a causal network of GETS factors was developed, identifying the characteristics of the industry’s enterprise operations. Based on the own graphical model, the level of influence of each group of external environment factors on the development of hotel and restaurant enterprises in Ukraine in 2024 was evaluated. Considering the need for an integrated analysis of external environment influences, the GETS factor impact intensity index was calculated, the value of which allowed determining the continuous nature of the dynamic development processes inherent in hotel and restaurant enterprises. It is substantiated that some of these processes create new opportunities for business entities, providing favorable conditions for operation and development, while others, conversely, generate additional constraints, risks, and complications for enterprise activities.

Purpose: The article is devoted to the formation of innovative technologies at enterprises of the hospitality industry. It is substantiated that innovative technologies will allow hoteliers and restaurateurs to a chieve certain advantages over competitors; innovation is a source of long-term economic growth, because those enterprises that constantly apply innovative approaches will always work successfully and obtain high results from their production and economic activities. The objective of the article is to generalize and systematize the formation of the main components of the innovative development of enterprises in the hospitality industry and their significance and use at the modern stage of management. Design / Methodology / Approach: To achieve the aim of the study, the following scientific methods were used: historiographical, comparative, analysis and synthesis methods. Findings: We are living in the most exciting time in human history. Technology is developing exponentially, not linearly as it used to be, and the use of modern technologies and innovations has become an integral part of the survival of businesses in a pandemic and martial law. Modern technologies allow maintaining a high level of service, expanding the range of services, improving the management system, strengthening control over the work of staff, and ensuring a high level of security for guests. Therefore, their study is an urgent task today. Today’s realities of life dictate working conditions for all enterprises of various forms of ownership. Businesses in the hospitality industry are the most vulnerable to these changes. Therefore, hotels and restaurants must focus on their audience, and their owners must do everything possible to expand the number of consumers and protect their business from risks and losses. An important condition for their implementation should be the ability of entrepreneurs to adapt to the new conditions that have developed at this stage of business and to be able to timely and effectively implement various types of innovations (technological, production, logistic, economic, social, informational), skilfully connect them in management activities. For many enterprises, the inability of managers to understand the need and achieve innovative renewal remains a problem, as there is a mis understanding of the role of information as a basic resource of enterprise management. Because innovative technologies today, more than ever before, are becoming a valuable resource for hotel and restaurant businesses. Originality / Value: It is proved that innovation is an integral element in the development of hospitality industry enterprises. Practical Meaning: A number of features of innovative activity in the hospitality industry are highlighted. Further Research: Development of methodological support for the analysing the effectiveness of innovations at enterprises of the hospitality industry.

The article is aimed at substantiating and forming theoretical and methodological foundations of strategic management of development of transport enterprise. The author of the article reveals the dependence and importance of the category of development strategy of transport enterprise on external changes in the market segment, which is necessary in conditions of uncertainty, the growing rapid variability of the environment and the need for instant response. The article forms, substantiates and improves the content and essence of the components of the strategy for managing the development of transport enterprise. Attention is focused on the importance of integration processes for transport enterprises regarding the implementation in their work of the principles of sustainable development in the field of transport system. The stages of strategic management and structuring of problems as an instrument for assessing the initiative of holistic-oriented thinking in relation to managerial decision-making were also considered. One of the most urgent tasks of modern management is the formation of a model of strategic management of the development of a transport enterprise, the search for modern and novel instruments for its implementation, which are able to ensure economic development and its effective functioning in both the domestic and the foreign markets. It is determined that the solution of this problem depends on timely and preliminary formation of a map of actions for strategic management of the enterprise’s activity. The formed model of strategic management of the development of a transport enterprise will allow systematizing the managerial decisions, problem areas of management, will reduce uncertainty in matters of the relative state and efficiency of the enterprise in a changing situation of the external environment. The article substantiates practical necessity of a model of strategic management of development of a transport enterprise to achieve continuous and efficient operation of the transport enterprise.

مقدمه: اصول و قوانین، نقش بیان اساسی‌ترین ایده‌ها در یک علم و نیز ایجاد چارچوب و روش‌شناسی برای حل مسائل آن علم را بازی می‌کنند. این مقاله بر آن است تا با گذری بر مفاهیم و مراتب چهارگانه سیبرنتیک، به بررسی اصول حاکم بر این علم بر اساس رویکردهای فیزیک جدید و قدیم بپردازد. روش‌: در نگارش مقاله رویکرد مروری‌تحلیلی مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. این مقاله سعی دارد با بررسی متون علمی این حوزه از طریق روش کتابخانه‌ای، ابتدا گذری بر مفاهیم و مراتب چهارگانه سیبرنتیک داشته باشد، سپس اصول حاکم بر این علم از دو دیدگاه پوزیتیویستی و هرمنوتیکی بررسی نماید. یافته ها: نحوه نگرش به جهان هستی موجب شکل‌گیری دیدگاه‌های مختلف در علم و در عین حال پیشرفت شناخت علمی شده‌است. در ابتدا دیدگاه پوزیتویستی بر اساس تئوری نیوتون و دیدگاه مکانیکی شکل گرفت. سپس پسا اثبات‌گرایان با توجه به دو اصل ضرورت و تصادف قوانین زیست‌شناسی را پی‌ریزی کردند. با ورود تئوری کوانتوم و نسبیت به عرصه فیزیک و آشکار شدن ناتوانی‌های فیزیک کلاسیک در چند مورد، برداشت از جهان و پدیده‌های آن به‌کلی متحول شد. گذر از فیزیک نیوتنی (فیزیک قدیم) به فیزیک کوانتومی (فیزیک جدید)، تحول تئوریک و فلسفی را موجب گردید. در سایه این چرخش، مبانی تئوریک علوم مختلف نیز دگرگون گردید. سیبرنتیک نیز از این نگاه متحولانه بهره‌مند شده‌است. تحلیل متون نشان می‌دهد، بن‌مایه فکری نسل‌ها و اصول سیبرنتیک آمیزه‌ای از رویکردهای پوزیتویستی، ارگانیستی، جهان‌بینی سیستمی، و فیزیک جدید است. بحث و نتیجه گیری: راه‌حل‌های معمول سنتی دیگر جواب‌گوی آشفتگی‌های موجود در دنیای کنونی نیست و به راه‌حل‌های جدیدی نیازمندیم تا بتوانیم پیچیدگی‌های موجود در این دنیا و عصر حاضر را کنترل نماییم. سیبرنتیک یکی از این راه‌حل‌هاست. تفاوت در نوع نگاه به مفهوم مشاهده و مشاهده‌گر است که باعث شکل‌گیری رویکردهای متفاوت و جهان‌بینی‌های مختلف در علوم و متعاقب آن سیبرنتیک شده است. تا جایی که نقطه عطف شکل‌گیری فیزیک جدید را می‌توان مداخله دادن مشاهده‌گر در رویداد دانست. جهانی که در آن مشاهده‌کننده جدای از آنچه مشاهده می‌کند نیست، بلکه قسمتی از همان پدیده‌ است در حالی که در فیزیک کلاسیک تمام پدیده‌ها مستقل از مشاهده‌گر همچون ساعتی دقیق و قانون‌مدار با نظم و ترتیب خاص رخ می‌دهند. بنابراین می توان گفت بن‌مایه فکری نسل‌ها و اصول سیبرنتیک آینده‌ای از رویکردهای پوزیتویستی، ارگانیستی، جهان‌بینی سیستمی و فیزیک جدید است. بر این اساس رویکردی سیبرنتیکی در طی عمر کوتاه آن متکی بر دیدگاه‌های حاکم متحول شده است.

The article deals with the main aspects of the stages of development and construction of an optimization of the economic and mathematical model of agricultural enterprises' resources for identifying reserves of resource potential, its rational use and increase of the economic efficiency of economic activity. Some economic indicators of functioning and development of agricultural enterprises that can be taken into account when compiling an optimization model are analysed. The basic stages of construction of the economic and mathematical model and their characteristic features are revealed. Applied testing of mathematical calculations has been carried out for the agricultural enterprise LLC UM-Vatutino, which wants to optimize the structure of its production in order to ensure maximum overall profitability. The developed economic and mathematical model provides the main activities of the UM-Vatutino LLC. They are the cultivation of grain and forage crops, cows of various productivity. Such a model can be used to analyse and identify the reserves of resource potential of enterprises of any form of ownership, at different periods of time, as well as to identify features of strategies for improving the economic efficiency of economic activity of the enterprise itself and its individual units. In addition, the constructed model can be modified both structurally and substantively. The analysis results are processed by means of one of the office programs of Microsoft Office Excel spreadsheets. Data analysis has been performed with the use of the "Solver" tool in spreadsheets. It allows finding an optimization solution with a large number of variables. As a result, it has been confirmed that the application of economic and mathematical methods is very effective in assessing not only the resource potential of agricultural enterprises, but also optimizing the volumes of sales of products, feeds, raw materials for another. The process of modelling in the activities of agricultural enterprises gives the opportunity to make managerial decisions at various stages of the operation and development of the enterprise.

Most computer science programs at various universities offer courses in problem solving which are generally taken by the student in the first year. The student learns problem solving methodology which includes problem definition, analysis, design, and documentation. Although a student is graded/evaluated in each course, it may not reflect the student’s success potential in a real work environment. What is lacking is standards for various components of problem solving methodology.

Climate change has become a critical global issue and challenge, with significant implications for financial enterprises as an integral part of economic activities. A thorough analysis of the impact of climate change on the high-quality development of financial enterprises is of great importance for financial sustainability. This paper first conducts an in-depth mathematical analysis of the intrinsic mechanisms through which climate change affects the high-quality development of financial enterprises by establishing a game theory model. Secondly, using data from listed companies for the years 2000–2020, an econometric model is constructed to empirically examine the relationship between climate change and the high-quality development of financial enterprises. The research findings demonstrate that climate change significantly inhibits the high-quality development of financial enterprises, as evidenced by robust results obtained through various methods such as data truncation, variable substitution, and changes in sample periods. Furthermore, this study addresses the endogeneity of the regression model using propensity score matching (PSM), instrumental variable methods, and system generalized method of moments (GMM). Additionally, climate change impacts the high-quality development of financial enterprises through technological innovation. Given the backdrop of climate change, understanding the relationship and logic between climate change and the high-quality development of financial enterprises and discerning the channels and mechanisms through which climate change affects their development are crucial. This research provides a new perspective and expands the research frontier on the high-quality development of financial enterprises, enriching the theoretical foundations in this field.

The article is devoted to the problems of financial and economic activities management of metallurgical enterprises on the basis of risk management, taking into account the division of their activities into operating, investment and financial. The essence of the risk concept in the situation of alternative behavior of the business entity is considered. The development of the economic category "Aggregate Risk" is analyzed and this concept is clarified on the basis of the alternative approach in the multi-probable situation of the final result. The indicators of determining the total risk from financial and economic activities, which were proposed by O.S. Stoyanova, have been investigated and the possibility of their application in the economy of Ukraine. The general approach to complex risk management in activity of the metallurgical enterprise has been defined. It is proposed to combine operating and investment activities and consider their combination as a single economic activity. An economic-mathematical model of optimization of the aggregate risk of the business entity was built on the basis of finding a compromise between profit maximization and minimization of aggregate risk. Analytical dependences were constructed between different parameters of functioning of the business entity, which together with the existing functional dependencies created the equations and inequalities of the obtained economic-mathematical model. It is proved that the management of the total risk of economic and financial activities at metallurgical enterprise is more effective risk management tool than the individual risks management. The application of the approach to aggregate risk management in strategic management ensures the complexity and systemic nature of risk management of industrial enterprises. The proposed conceptual approaches to the management of aggregate risk of financial and economic activities are the basis for the formation of the development strategy of the metallurgical industry. Approbation of the research results was carried out in the conditions of PJSC «Interpipe NTRP» to determine the main parameters of the risk management strategy. The effectiveness of the developed risk management strategy of the business entity is determined on the basis of the difference between the optimized and actual values of the main indicators of its financial and economic activity. The effectiveness of the implementation of the developed strategy is to reduce the overall level of risk of the enterprise by 1.71 and increase the return on capital of the enterprise by 7.65%.