Towards Enhancing Resource Scarce Cloudlet Performance in Mobile Cloud Computing

As mobile computing has been developed for decades, a new model for mobile computing, namely, mobile cloud computing, emerges resulting from the marriage of powerful yet affordable mobile devices and cloud computing. In this paper we survey existing mobile cloud computing applications, as well as speculate future generation mobile cloud computing applications. We provide insights for the enabling technologies and challenges that lie ahead for us to move forward from mobile computing to mobile cloud computing for building the next generation mobile cloud applications. For each of the challenges, we provide a survey of existing solutions, identify research gaps, and suggest future research areas.

Mobile cloud computing has become a research hotspot in the fields of cloud computing and mobile computing. At present, many researches on offloading computation to cloud resource and their related work have been done and some achievements have been obtained in the field of mobile cloud computing. However, some problems of the current researches have also been found such as the separation between computation and data, limited network resource, and lack of location-aware, etc. In this paper, we have presented a novel mobile cloud computing model and proposed a heuristic approach MCC-particle swarm optimization (PSO) of placement selection of mobile applications’ partitions for minimizing the overall processing time and energy saving. The algorithm of the proposed MCC-PSO approach includes two parts. One is that it combines the PSO idea with the simulated annealing (SA) idea to achieve an improved PSO-based approach with the better global search’s ability. The other one is that it uses the probability theory and mathematical statistics and once again utilizes the SA idea to deal with the data obtained from the improved PSO-based process to get the final solution. And thus the whole approach achieves a long-term optimization of mobile cloud computing. The experimental results demonstrate that MCC-PSO evidently reduces the overall processing time of mobile applications and energy consumption of mobile devices while better guaranteeing the performance of executing mobile applications. MCC-PSO better achieves the idea of mobile cloud computing and makes the mobile cloud computing model more high-effective and meaningful.

Mobile cloud computing (MCC) is the availability of cloud computing services in a mobile environment. By providing optimal services for mobile users, MCC incorporates the elements of mobile networks and cloud computing. In mobile cloud computing, all the data and complicated computing modules can be processed in clouds, and mobile devices do not need a powerful configuration like CPU speed, memory capacity, etc. However, the mobile devices are facing up with many struggles in their resources (e.g., battery life, storage, and bandwidth) and communications (e.g., privacy, mobility, and security). These challenges have a significant effect on the improvement of service qualities. In this paper, a literature survey on the MCC and security issues in MCC has presented.

As the technology is developing with a huge rate, the functionality of smartphone is also getting higher. But the smartphones have some resource constraints like processing power, battery capacity, limited bandwidth for connecting to the Internet, etc. Therefore, to improve the performance of smartphone in terms of processing power, battery and memory, the technology namely, augmented execution is the best solution in the mobile cloud computing (MCC) scenario. Mobile cloud computing works as the combination of mobile computing and cloud computing. Augmented execution alleviates the problem of resource scarcity of smartphone. To get the benefits from the resource-abundant clouds, massive computation intensive tasks are partitioned and migrated to the cloud side for the execution. After executing the task at the cloud side, the results are sent back to the smartphone. This method is called as the computation offloading. The given survey paper focuses on the partitioning techniques in mobile cloud computing.

MCC, or mobile cloud computing, is a new field. Mobile cloud computing is becoming a crucial component for mobile devices due to reliability and portability as data processing and storage take place outside of the mobile due to the widespread use of mobile devices and the variety of apps. It helps mobile devices conserve battery life and processing power, which is important for highpower mobile devices. Mobile cloud computing offers consumers to make calculations and use cloud services on their mobile devices. It is essential to gain a full understanding of current models and emerging trends because mobile Cloud computing is still in its infancy. The purpose of this survey is to identify and describe the main risks and obstacles associated with mobile cloud computing while alsoshowcasing emerging trends in this area.

Despite their progress and improvements, mobile devices are still regarded as restricted computer devices. Users are growing more discerning, expecting to be able to run computationally intensive applications on their smartphones or tablets. As a result, Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) integrates mobile computing and Cloud Computing in order to use offloading techniques to increase the capabilities of mobile devices. Although offloading programmes to the cloud might improve mobile device performance, it can also increase processing delay. Inevitably, the quality of user service (QoS) suffers as a result, particularly for specific applications (especially workflow applications). To address the problem of network latency, a new paradigm known as mobile edge computing (MEC) has been developed, which may be thought of as a subset of MCC. We also see deployment of Cloudlets, which are a form of edge server, to minimize latency and energy usage by offloading applications to the cloud, resulting in an efficient and cost-effective architecture as well as various decision-making techniques for offloading. And so, a literature survey regarding this will be presented which focuses on various methods of offloading and its decision-making techniques.

Following the growth of mobile device applications in the past years, mobile computing and cloud computing are suggesting a new computing paradigm. Demands for computing capability regarding potential technologies that are provided as mobile service are also growing. Meanwhile, necessity of Mobile cloud computing (MCC) is increasing due to the problems of mobile devices, such as resource poverty, battery constraint. However, clear definition is required as the concept of MCC is still ambiguous. Currently, it is necessary to classify the configuration methods of the resource-providing infrastructure environment of MCC. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of MCC and proposes a basic scheme. We suggest instance MCC (iMCC), which is a framework implementing offloading for the purpose of achieving efficient computing process and service provision. iMCC includes improved resource allocation method in MCC infrastructure as well as efficient offloading method. Finally, we summarize the conclusion and discuss future research.

In recent years, mobile cloud computing (MCC) is treated as one of the important enablers of Internet of Things. MCC has evolved from a mix of mobile computing and cloud computing. Most of the researcher works on MCC focus on the reduction of cost of applications in mobile devices by leveraging cloud technology. The limitations of mobile environment such as computation capacity, battery power and limited memory lead to the integration of cloud technology. The performance of the mobile environment improves by the implementation of task offloading using cloud technology. In this paper, a model for task offloading using learning automata based decision making algorithm (LADMA) is proposed. The algorithm considers the completion time and energy consumption of the tasks during the allocation of the tasks to the suitable VMs in the cloud. The proposed model is tested on Amazon EC2 and Android X 86 Platforms.

Mobile cloud is the infrastructure that facilitates the offloading of storage and computing resources of mobile devices pertaining mobile applications to cloud computing. Mobile devices can run expensive applications using mobile cloud as they can outsource services to cloud while providing interface for mobile users. Emerging mobile applications that are expensive can overcome the inherent problems of hand held devices through the concept of mobile cloud computing. The offloading process provide mobiles a rich platform for pervasive computing with on-demand services linked to cloud computing through mobile cloud infrastructure. Thus the mobile cloud computing is an inevitable phenomenon which bring about plethora of pros besides the mobility. The mobile cloud users can perform their resource intensive operations on the fly without time and geographical restrictions. In spite of the advantages it bestows mobile cloud computing has its own security issues. This paper throws light into the security issues and solutions in terms of secure channels transmission in mobile cloud computing. In this paper, we present state-of-the-art of mobile cloud computing besides its security aspects that are to be taken care of for successful mobile cloud computing.

The highly computationally capable mobile devices and the continuously increasing demand for high data rates and mobility, which are required by several mobile network services, enabled the research on fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks that are expected to be deployed beyond the year 2020 in order to support services and applications with more than one thousand times of today’s network traffic. On the other hand, the huge and complex location-aware datasets exceed the capability of spatial computing technologies. In this direction, the mobile cloud computing (MCC) technology was introduced as the combination of cloud computing and mobile computing, enabling the end-users to access the cloud-supported services through mobile devices (e.g., smartphones, tablets, portable computers or wearable devices). The mobile applications exploit cloud technologies for data processing, storage and other intensive operations, as they are executed on resource providers external to the devices. This tutorial article is a comprehensive review of the current state-of-the-art and the latest developments on mobile cloud computing under the 5G era, which helps early-stage researchers to have an overview of the existing solutions, techniques and applications and investigate open research issues and future challenges in this domain.

Since2009, the term “Mobile Cloud Computing,” which refers to a hybrid model that blends cloud computing with mobile computing, has been a hot topic in the information technology sector. Being in its infancy, MCC requires a solid grounding in the technology before researchers may suggest avenues for further study. Mobile cloud computing is quickly becoming the norm, both for consumers and major companies like Amazon, Google, Facebook, and Apple. The mobile environment is anticipated to witness a growth in cloud computing due to the rapid improvements in wireless access technology. A foundation in mobile cloud computing underpins these applications on mobile devices. Despite the convenience and scalability that come with cloud storage services—users may access their data from anywhere at any time—and from any device—including mobile devices—new security concerns have recently come to light. Correct data processing can fix these security risks.

Providing mobile cloud services requires seamless integration between various platforms to offer mobile users optimum performance. To achieve this, many fundamental problems such as bandwidth availability and reliability, resource scarceness, and finite energy must be addressed before rolling out such services. This chapter aims to explore technological challenges for mobile cloud computing in the area of resource management focusing on both parts of the infrastructure: mobile devices and cloud networks. Starting with introducing mobile cloud computing, it then stresses the importance of resource management in the operation of mobile cloud services presenting various types of resources available for cloud computing. Furthermore, it examines the various types of resource management techniques available for mobile clouds. Finally, future directions in the field of resource management for mobile cloud computing environment are presented.

The vision of augmenting computing capabilities of mobile devices, especially smartphones with least cost is likely transforming to reality leveraging cloud computing. Cloud exploitation by mobile devices breeds a new research domain called Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC). However, issues like portability and interoperability should be addressed for mobile augmentation which is a non-trivial task using component-based approaches. Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a promising design philosophy embraced by mobile computing and cloud computing communities to stimulate portable, complex application using prefabricated building blocks called Services. Utilizing distant cloud resources to host and run Services is hampered by long WAN latency. Exploiting mobile devices in vicinity alleviates long WAN latency, while creates new set of issues like Service publishing and discovery as well as client-server security, reliability, and Service availability. In this paper, we propose a market-oriented architecture based on SOA to stimulate publishing, discovering, and hosting Services on nearby mobiles, which reduces long WAN latency and creates a business opportunity that encourages mobile owners to embrace Service hosting. Group of mobile phones simulate a nearby cloud computing platform. We create new role of \textit{Service host} by enabling unskilled mobile owners/users to host Services developed by skilled developers. Evidently, Service availability, reliability, and Service-oriented mobile application portability will increase towards green ubiquitous computing in our mobile cloud infrastructure.

Since the concept of merging the capabilities of mobile devices and cloud computing is becoming increasingly popular, an important question is how to optimally schedule services/tasks between the device and the cloud. The main objective of this article is to investigate the possibilities for using machine learning on mobile devices in order to manage the execution of services within the framework of Mobile Cloud Computing. In this study, an agent-based architecture with learning possibilities is proposed to solve this problem. Two learning strategies are considered: supervised and reinforcement learning. The solution proposed leverages, among other things, knowledge about mobile device resources, network connection possibilities and device power consumption, as a result of which a decision is made with regard to the place where the task in question is to be executed. By employing machine learning techniques, the agent working on a mobile device gains experience in determining the optimal place for the execution of a given type of task. The research conducted allowed for the verification of the solution proposed in the domain of multimedia file conversion and demonstrated its usefulness in reducing the time required for task execution. Using the experience gathered as a result of subsequent series of tests, the agent became more efficient in assigning the task of multimedia file conversion to either the mobile device or cloud computing resources.

Mobile cloud computing (MCC) is a technique or model, in which mobile applications are built, powered and hosted using cloud computing technology. It refers to the availability of Cloud Computing services in a mobile environment and it is the combination of the heterogeneous fields like mobile phone device, cloud computing and wireless networks. Of all that has been written about cloud computing, precious little attention has been paid to authentication in the cloud. In this paper we have designed a new effective security model for mobile cloud Database as a Service (DBaaS). A user can change his/her password, whenever demanded. Furthermore, security analysis realizes the feasibility of the proposed model for DBaaS and achieves efficiency. We also proposed an efficient authentication scheme to solve the authentication problem in MCC. The proposed solution which we have provided is based mainly on improved Needham-Schroeder’s protocol to prove the users’ identity to determine if this user is authorized or not. The results showed that this scheme is very strong and difficult to break it.