Tradição oral e ancestralidade africanas no romance Jesusalém, de Mia Couto

The Locus of Creativity in Classical Performing Arts: Economics and Intellectual Property in Theatre Management

Digital collections in public institutions can benefit from Creative Commons licenses, as they allow the responsible sharing and use of information online by faculty, students, researchers, and the public at large. This essay outlines the proper management of Creative Commons licenses in the following order: first, the current state of copyright in Canada; second, how the Creative Commons functions and its relation to free culture and Open Access; third, Creative Commons for public institution collections, and not just as a holding body, but as a repository; fourth, tools for managing Creative Commons licences online, including digital rights management (DRM) and technological protection measures (TPMs); and fifth, future impacts of the Creative Commons on digital collections. Creative Commons licences offer libraries that opportunity to expand their patronage and explore broader uses of their collections.

Copyright law, together with the market logic it carries, penetrates deeply into our daily life. The copyright regime is so restrictive that it turns a normal learning process into a series of potential copyright violations. The Free Software Movement (FSM) represents a substantial community effort to counter this trend. It seeks to supersede the copyright regime by offering the ‘Copyleft’ licensing mode, which facilitates the formation of a cooperative, resource-sharing community. The FSM has been so successful that it has challenged the utilitarian values presumed in copyright law, has fuelled widespread reassessment of copyright law, and has influenced many who engage in various creative activities. Claiming to bear similar values, Creative Commons (CC) provides licensing models for people to waive some rights granted to them. However, CC differs from the FSM in significant ways. Most notably, the flexible CC licensing model weakens the firm philosophical and political ground which binds FSM advocates together. Hence, although CC's rapid growth seems to signal its success, it is questionable whether such success is as enduring as the FSM's, or if it is leading to a different result. While CC champions the author's freedom to decide how to use his or her bundle of property rights granted by copyright law, the FSM advocates the freedom to build and live in an alternative, vital and self-sustaining community. The existence of such an alternative model not only allows these particular participants to be independent from the proprietary world, but also may empower the rest of society to imagine different kinds of relationships between human beings and their creative activities.

Social media on the World Wide Web, such as Wiki, are increasingly applied to support collaborative learning for students to conduct a project together. However, recent studies indicated that students, learning in the collaborative project, may not actively contribute to the collaborative work and are involved only in a limited level of positive interdependence due to the ambiguous ownership on the collaborative work. To this end, this study proposes an approach to support collaborative learning based on the notion of Creative Commons (CC). CC may be helpful to enhance positive interdependency because it provides a mechanism which protects individual creations while encouraging remixing and deriving new creations from them. This study conducted an empirical evaluation to examine how students react to the collaborative learning with CC notions. The results showed that CC can significantly improve participants' attitude to the derivative works, the satisfaction level of remix outcomes, perception to the peer interaction and the sense of work ownership. Such results suggest that CC may be a potential avenue for increasing individuals' responsibilities and motivating them to participate in the collaborative learning activity.

This study aims at reaching the emerging global thinking around the relations of access to digital artistic content available on the internet. Through the appointments of the intersection between the knowledges of the law, anthropology, philosophy, physics and art - organized in a multidisciplinary way - the present scientific narrative is build. Initially, a brief history of the idea of constructing copyright in the global context is presented. Subsequently, the digital object is analyzed as material to produce art in the contemporary context. Then, the post-internet cultural phenomenon is observed, so that the current Brazilian Copyright Law System can be inquired due its limits and openings. Finally, the 'Creative Commons' is presented analytically in the face of current demands in the follow of the contemporary understanding around copyright.

Musicians and the Creative Commons: A survey of artists on Jamendo

The Creative Commons (CC) licenses are a suite of copyright-based licenses defining terms for the distribution and re-use of creative works. CC provides licenses for different use cases and includes open content licenses such as the Attribution license (CC BY, used by many Open Access scientific publishers) and the Attribution Share Alike license (CC BY-SA, used by Wikipedia, for example). However, the license suite also contains non-free and non-open licenses like those containing a “non-commercial” (NC) condition. Although many people identify “non-commercial” with “non-profit”, detailed analysis reveals that significant differences exist and that the license may impose some unexpected re-use limitations on works thus licensed. After providing background information on the concepts of Creative Commons licenses in general, this contribution focuses on the NC condition, its advantages, disadvantages and appropriate scope. Specifically, it contributes material towards a risk analysis for potential re-users of NC-licensed works.

This article consists of an analysis and critical assessment of the current framework for Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) and Creative Commons (CC) in Brazil. It aims to provide an overview of the adoption and operation of both the FOSS and CC regimes within the Brazilian legal system, as well as their interplay with intellectual property and constitutional rules. It covers all aspects relevant to the understanding of FOSS and Creative Commons in Brazil: traditional contract law, intellectual property regimes and a more specific analysis of cases, policies, studies and discussions regarding alternative licenses and their usage in Brazil. FOSS and Creative Commons licenses do not always align with the country’s traditional IP licensing models provided for by the Copyright and Software Acts of 1998. Instead, they find themselves in a complicated middle ground regulated by judicial opinions, governmental policies and scholarly work. The coexistence of alternative licenses and traditional contractual IP related schemes within the Brazilian legal system depends on the ability of the parties to comply with, on the one hand, the generic legal requirements for contracts and, on the other hand, the statutory provisions related to copyright, such as the author’s moral rights.

A defining characteristic of contemporary copyright law is the willingness of governments to accept the argument that the impact of digital technologies requires copyright owners to be given ever greater control over the use of their works, regardless of the detriment to the copyright regime's 'public interest' elements. Yet a one-size-fits-all 'all rights reserved' copyright regime clearly fails to meet the requirements of many rightsholders. One response has been the Creative Commons movement which seeks, through licences based on existing copyright laws, to provide a simple mechanism for rightsholders to disseminate their works under less restrictive conditions. The Creative Commons' initial success has led to suggestions that its principles could be equally applied to scientific research outputs, such as publications, licensing of research materials, and datasets. This article argues that the Science Commons approach, if based on the Creative Commons model, and premised at its root on utilitarian copyright law, will both fail to address contemporary policy drivers in research, or to provide researchers with the type of rights that they actually want. It suggests that constructing an appropriate set of rights for the Science Commons, particularly for datasets, will require a willingness to step outside the utilitarian model and look to the Continental copyright tradition, which sets less store in economic rights and gives greater weight to moral rights.

This chapter is aimed at giving an overview of copyright license contracts, free and open source software (FOSS) and creative commons in Belgium. In the area of copyright contracts, similar to other branches of the law, general principles of contract law, including the principle of freedom of contract, dominate. Belgian contract law does not contain special provisions either on license contracts in general or on FOSS and alternative licensing models, such as Creative Commons licenses. Nonetheless, several acts contain mandatory rules that provide specific protection to the author and to licensees who are consumers. These mandatory rules limit parties’ freedom of contract. The main legal framework relevant in this respect is comprised of a set of different statutes including the Belgian Copyright Act of 1994, the Belgian Software Act of 1991, the Law on Market Practices and the Protection of the Consumer of 2010 and the Belgian e-Commerce Act of 2003. As of January 1st 2015, all these statutes are included in the Belgian Code of Economic Law.

User-Generated Content & the Open Source/Creative Common Movements: Has the Time Come for Users' Rights?

Marieke Guy and Brian Kelly, QA Focus information for digital libraries, Indicare, April 5, 2005. Abstract: 'Creative Commons (CC) licences are a way to clarify the conditions of use of a work and avoid many of the problems current copyright laws pose. This article describes how a CC licence has been used to maximise take-up of the deliverables from QA Focus, a JISC (Joint Information Systems Committee) funded project.

<p>Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) are harmonized biodiversity variables and their asssociated measurements needed for developing indicators of global biodiversity change. EBVs can serve the important purpose of aligning biodiversity monitoring efforts, much as Essential Climatic Variables (ECVs) help align allied efforts in climate science. One of six initially proposed EBV classes is devoted to species' traits, since traits form the crucial link between the evolutionary history of organisms, their assembly into communities, and the nature and dynamic functioning of ecosystems. Despite their importance, prevalence, and scientific promise, the biodiversity community is still developing the conceptual, informatics, technical, and legal frameworks required for the large scale implementation and uptake. As part of an international consortium called GLOBIS-B, and in coordination with the The Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON; geobon.org), we report on recent efforts to synthesize current efforts in trait data collection and trait datasets, computational workflows, ways to standardize data and metadata, and assessments of the openness and accessibility of existing species trait datasets. Members of the GLOBIS-B (www.globis-b.eu/) consortium also produced a set of candidate EBVs within the broader trait class ('Phenology', 'Organism morphology', 'Reproduction', 'Physiology' and 'Movement'). In this presentation, we begin by introducing the concept of EBVs, the current working definition of traits in the context of the EBV process, and workflows that have been developed for other EBV classes ('Species Populations') and the importance of standardizing EBV classes and the trait class, in particular. Building on this introduction, we discuss how the EBV concept is operationalized, focusing on workflows for trait integration, and the importance of data and metadata standards,following work from Kissling et al. 2017 (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/brv.12359/full). On the legal front, we suggest that the Creative Commons (CC) framework provides effective tools for designating legally interoperable and open data, especially when trait data are in the public domain (CC0, CC PDM) or assigned with a CC BY license, and metadata citation and other forms of attribution are available in both human and machine-readable form. We also suggest how EBVs can inform policy at national and global scales. Moving forward, renewed efforts of repeated trait data collection as well as standardised protocols for data and metadata collection are needed to improve the empirical basis of species traits EBVs. Moreover, open data as well as computational workflows are required for comprehensively assessing progress towards conservation policy targets and sustainable development goals. We conclude with a call to action for the TDWG community to consider their role in further developing, implementing, and scaling biodiversity monitoring under the EBV framework.</p>

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ARTICLES ASAPPREVViewpointNEXTAn Advanced Guide to Assembly and Operation of CO2 ElectrolyzersHugo-Pieter Iglesias van MontfortHugo-Pieter Iglesias van MontfortDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology; 9 van der Maasweg, Delft, 2629HZ The NetherlandsMore by Hugo-Pieter Iglesias van Montforthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9594-392X, Siddhartha SubramanianSiddhartha SubramanianDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology; 9 van der Maasweg, Delft, 2629HZ The NetherlandsMore by Siddhartha Subramanianhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7992-3849, Erdem IrtemErdem IrtemDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology; 9 van der Maasweg, Delft, 2629HZ The NetherlandsMore by Erdem Irtemhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2730-8932, Mark SassenburgMark SassenburgDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology; 9 van der Maasweg, Delft, 2629HZ The NetherlandsMore by Mark Sassenburghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2826-7765, Mengran LiMengran LiDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology; 9 van der Maasweg, Delft, 2629HZ The NetherlandsMore by Mengran Lihttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7858-0533, Jesse KokJesse KokDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology; 9 van der Maasweg, Delft, 2629HZ The NetherlandsMore by Jesse Kok, Joost MiddelkoopJoost MiddelkoopDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology; 9 van der Maasweg, Delft, 2629HZ The NetherlandsMore by Joost Middelkoop, and Thomas Burdyny*Thomas BurdynyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology; 9 van der Maasweg, Delft, 2629HZ The Netherlands*Email: [email protected]More by Thomas Burdynyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-9558Cite this: ACS Energy Lett. 2023, 8, XXX, 4156–4161Publication Date (Web):September 13, 2023Publication History Received31 July 2023Accepted28 August 2023Published online13 September 2023https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01561Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society. This publication is licensed under CC-BY 4.0. License Summary*You are free to share (copy and redistribute) this article in any medium or format and to adapt (remix, transform, and build upon) the material for any purpose, even commercially within the parameters below:Creative Commons (CC): This is a Creative Commons license.Attribution (BY): Credit must be given to the creator.View full license*DisclaimerThis summary highlights only some of the key features and terms of the actual license. It is not a license and has no legal value. Carefully review the actual license before using these materials. This publication is Open Access under the license indicated. Learn MoreArticle Views2021Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (4 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (4)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Chromatography,Electrocatalysts,Electrodes,Liquids Get e-Alerts

This paper aims to present an overviewof the Thingiverse digital model repository and provides an analysis of a subset of randomly selected models of this site. To carry out this study, literature research was conducted to identify relevant works. Based on existing research, a subset of available models is acquired and analysed utilising existing open source software. Focusing on the geometrical details of the acquired models, an analysis is performed. Furthermore, statistical data such as download, view counters, and utilised licences of these models, is collected. For the literature review on this platform, 25 existing works were identified. From the 10,000 randomly selected ThingIDs, 3528 were existent and were acquired. Most metrics calculated are dominated by less than 20% of all the analysed models. Online repositories are a source for user-generated digital models. This paper suggests that the licence of choice is a creative commons – attribution – share alike licence.