Uncovering Regular Travel Pattern for Metro Passenger Through Graph Neural Network

While conflicts and tensions between the public and the private sector exist, there are significant opportunities for project developers and policymakers to develop innovative ways of providing urban mass transit systems in mega-cities. Based on economic and financial benefits, urban mass transportation systems in mega-cities can be developed based on market-driven supply (MDS) principles, which match urban infrastructure development with the presence of a commercially mature market. Fundamentally different from the traditional approach to urban mass transit systems that are developed through supply-oriented options, this approach recognizes that the presence of an urban population is a major determinant in urban transportation planning. Based on the limited resources of the public sector in managing mega-cities, MDS is the appropriate methodology for fast-tracking the development of urban infrastructure, particularly of urban mass transit systems.

Transportation is a field in which the civil engineer has long performed a notable service. Current (1965) urban transportation problem sad demands are economically, politically, socially, and technically complex. There is, therefore, a necessity for the civil engineer to join with other disciplines in planning, building, and operating urban transportation systems. Financing is undergoing changes in policy and attitudes. Urban transit systems generally can no longer be wholly financially supported from fares; some form of public subsidy is required, regardless of whether the transit system is publicly or privately owned or operated. This subsidy is most often supplied through general revenues of the urban area government, or from state sources. Adequate financing of construction and operation of urban area transit systems is aided materially by the creation of a suitable areawide organizational structure with the necessary legal authority to act. Current activity in Massachusetts, New York, Seattle, Wash.; Chicago, Ill.; and the San Francisco Bay Area is based on some form of public financial assistance to improve the urban transportation system.

One inherent nature of the passenger transportation industry is that passengers are directly involved in the entire production process--the transportation itself, and they are always in the center of everything we do in managing the operations of an Urban Rail Transit (URT) system. Hence, a full understanding of the role and the impact of URT passengers is fundamental to the success of the operation of any URT systems. With new technologies being introduced into URT systems, the role of URT passengers has been changing. Traditionally, the role of URT passengers is in general a passive one. However, modern URT systems are increasingly witnessing passengers taking a more and more active role. Thus, a review and rethink of the passenger's role in an URT system is extremely necessary.

This paper proposes a topological analysis of urban transit system based on a functional representation network constructed from the urban transit system in Beijing. The representation gives a functional view on nodes named a transit line. Statistical measures are computed and introduced in complex network analysis. It shows that the urban transit system forms small-world networks and exhibits properties different from random networks and regular networks. Furthermore, the topological properties of the transit-line network are investigated to get some useful conclusions for public transportation engineering.

In reality, the risk in urban rail transit system usually happens. In this paper, we construct the risk chain network in urban rail transit system, where the different factors are considered in detail. Moreover, in order to describe the characteristic of the risk chain network, the propagation risk is proposed. Based on these, the controllability of risk chain network is calculated in four kinds of systems in urban rail transit system. In addition, we analyze the key node, which has a serious impact on the controllability. Our paper may be useful to control the risk in urban rail transit system and improve the safety of urban rail transit.

An Approach to Calculate Overall Efficiency of Rolling Stock for an Urban Rail Transit System

Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) is currently used in the train-ground communication for the urban rail transit systems. Due to the high speed and frequency band limitations, WLAN is unable to meet the demand of future city and intercity rail transit. Time Division-Long Term Evolution (TD-LTE) technology allows to construct a flexible service environment compared with current WLAN based system. In this paper, a TD-LTE based train-ground communication system for the urban rail transit system is given. It integrates all the applications in urban rail transit system. An outdoor testing environment is set up to test the performance of the integrated TD-LTE based train-ground communication system. The packet loss rate, response time, throughput of the TD-LTE system are analyzed. Extensive testing results show that the Quality of Service (QoS) of the integrated TD-LTE based train-ground communication system satisfies the requirements of urban rail transit system.

This study introduces a modeling framework for urban railway transit system planning, addressing the station location determination, network design, and line planning optimization problems. The framework relies solely on gridded population and employment data, which can be sourced from mobile signaling data or open-access datasets by aggregating commuters’ residential and workplace counts within predefined geometric grids. It also incorporates origin-destination passenger demand for the generated stations. By maximizing service coverage and passenger efficiency and minimizing construction costs, the framework successively generates high-quality schemes for stations, networks, and line configurations. The proposed iterative procedures, governed by modified Artificial Bee Colony and Tabu Search algorithms with diversified neighborhood construction, solve these three optimization problems. Real-world instances and experimental results validate the framework's correctness and effectiveness. Case studies in Guangzhou demonstrate the practical application of the proposed framework, providing valuable insights for planners to obtain high-quality urban rail transit schemes with minimal data.

Multimodal trip making, that is trips using a combination of several modes between origin and destination, is expected to be beneficial to society and might offer advantages to the traveler as well. This article looks at some of the implications of multi‐modality in trip making for the design of urban transit systems since these play an important role in multi‐modal transportation systems. In this respect, the article looks at the strategic design characteristics of urban transit networks, that is line density, stop density and service frequencies for the case of multimodal access to urban transit networks and for hierarchical network structures in urban transit systems. The analyses show that multimodal access does not require alternative network structures. For hierarchical network structures it is concluded that these are primarily determined by the hierarchy in demand densities and thus by hierarchy in urban structures.

Topology analysis of Lanzhou public transport network based on double-layer complex network theory

This research study focused on the capabilities necessary to model urban public transit systems. A comparative evaluation of traffic simulation models was conducted based upon the review of previous research and literature. Actual model testing relative to transit and HOV systems was limited to the CORFLO model. The study identified feasible enhancements to the transit-related modeling capabilities of CORFLO. However, revising the CORFLO model to incorporate these enhancements was beyond the scope of the study. Recommended enhancements include increasing the number of bus stops that can be accommodated, refining the modeling of bus movements along links, and adding or improving fuel consumption and emissions algorithms. These enhancements are necessary in order to estimate with reasonable accuracy the fuel consumption, traffic, and environmental impacts of common transit and HOV alternatives.

On passenger repositioning along station platform during train waiting

The effects of energy price escalations on urban transit balance

With the accelerated urbanization in China, passenger demand has dramatically increased in large cities, and traffic congestion has become serious in recent years. Developing public urban rail transit systems is an indispensable approach to overcome these problems. However, the high energy consumption of daily operations is an emerging issue due to increased rail transit networks and passenger demands. Thus, reducing the energy consumption and operational cost by using advanced optimization methodologies is an urgent task for operation managers. This work systematically introduces energy-saving approaches for urban rail transit systems in three aspects, namely, train speed profile optimization, utilization of regenerative energy, and integrated optimization of train timetable and speed profile. Future research directions in this field are also proposed to meet increasing passenger demands and network-based urban rail transit systems.

Great economic benefits are attributed to transit systems serving large urban areas, such as providing mobility, reducing costs associated with automobile use (congestion and air pollution), encouraging greater economic growth in areas served, and increasing the nation’s overall economic productivity. Like the larger urban public transit systems, rural public transit systems have real benefits for the communities they serve. Unlike those of their larger counterparts, the contributions that rural transit systems have made to the economic health and well-being of the communities they serve have gone largely unrecognized. A new report measures for the first time the economic benefits of rural transit operations. The report develops benefit estimates from 22 case studies of rural transit systems and from national transportation and economic data. Large economic benefits were found, demonstrating that public transportation is a good investment for rural communities.