USING DIGITAL FEEDBACK IN TEACHING ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING

This chapter explains the overview of Technology-Enhanced Language Learning (TELL); the overview of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL); the relationship between Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) and language learning; the overview of Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL); and the technological utilization for language learning in the digital age. TELL, CALL, and MALL significantly deal with the impact of technology on teaching and learning the second language or foreign language. TELL, CALL, and MALL are the utilization of the advanced devices as the technological innovation to display multimedia as the modern language learning methods in the digital age. TELL, CALL, and MALL effectively improve learning motivation and develop better attitudes in students and language learners toward language learning. The chapter argues that encouraging the applications of TELL, CALL, and MALL has the potential to improve language learning performance and reach strategic goals in the modern language learning environments.

Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) is no longer popular among language learners due to its impractical comparison to Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL). MALL is a language learning tool that can assist students in expanding their learning possibilities and reshaping their language learning approach. This research aims to analyze the students’ perception of using MALL to learn English. This research was conducted using mixed methods and closed-ended questionnaires using the Likert scale of 1 to 6 to find out student perceptions of the use of MALL on the Perceived Usefulness (PU) and Perceived Ease of Use (PEoU) to gather the data. An interview was also conducted to get a more comprehensive finding. The respondent showed that they had a positive perception of the use of MALL to learn English. They agreed on the potential of MALL as a practical approach to learning English. Meanwhile, the interview session revealed that the students had drawbacks in using MALL to learn English, such as networking, technical problems on camera, and vocabulary difficulties on certain websites. Still, the students can maximize their use of it.

The implementation of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) has provided tremendous opportunities for language teachers to promote their computer literacy and adopt a learner-centered approach to teaching. Accordingly, with the rising advent of language learning technologies, language teachers would occupy a fundamental role in preparing and encouraging students to use various technologies for language learning purposes. In particular, the purpose of this study is to explore the attitudes of Iranian English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers toward the implementation of mobile-assisted language learning (MALL). The survey target participants were 168 EFL teachers who worked in a number of language teaching institutions in Iran. In-depth interviews with 55 EFL teachers were conducted as well. The findings from the survey and interview studies indicated moderately positive attitudes of the participants toward the use of mobile phones for language learning and teaching. The findings suggest that the presence of a couple of perceived challenges might be the reason for the nonuse of mobile phones for EFL learning and teaching in Iran. The teachers reported that they do not use any kind of MALL activities or software programs in their EFL courses. Results demonstrated that the EFL teachers did not have the required skills to use/develop MALL activities. The paper proposes recommendations and suggestions on how to implement MALL and remove potential barriers to MALL implementation in EFL contexts.

Mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) has witnessed significant development, with a growing number of university learners relying on their mobile devices for language learning. However, limited research has been conducted on the influence of demographics, including age, gender, and university level, on students' perceptions of MALL. Addressing this research gap, the current study was conducted at the University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, in Morocco, focusing on English department students. The study employed a quantitative approach, utilizing a questionnaire to collect data from 164 students. Through the examination of variables such as gender, age, and university level, the findings indicated that gender did not significantly impact students' acceptance of MALL while age and university level emerged as influential factors in shaping students' preferences. These findings highlight the potential effectiveness of MALL as a language learning tool. The results are particularly relevant for informing policymakers considering the implementation of MALL-based systems in higher education. Furthermore, educators are invited to consider their student cohorts' diverse age and university-level characteristics and adapt MALL activities accordingly.

This study aims to investigate the relationships among the aspects of writing self-efficacy and students’ writing quality in the argumentative writing domain. Multiple linear regression analysis is applied to reveal how writing self-efficacy, in the aspect of ideation, convention and self-regulation, predicts the students’ argumentative writing performance. The participants in this study are the fourth semester students of English language teaching department in Mahasaraswati University Denpasar enrolled in argumentative writing class (N = 135; 4 classes). The results indicate that convention self-efficacy made the largest significant contribution to students’ writing quality, followed by self-regulation self-efficacy. Nonetheless, the ideation self-efficacy gives the lowest insignificant contribution to students’ writing quality, although its items have been already adjusted to argumentative writing. These findings suggest that the students’ perception on their ability to express ideas in an appropriate rule of written expression would best reflect their written product quality. Therefore, EFL teachers should still consider providing intensive assistance on writing conventions for their students, because students would rely more on the rules of written expression to be able to produce a high-quality writing. Besides, other researches are required to corroborate these findings in another writing domains to extend the body of knowledge of writing and writing self-efficacy.

Recent researchers have advocated mobile technology for education. e adoption of technology in language learning has advanced from Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) to Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL). is study examined the fundamental issues in deploying mobile technology-mediated language learning, including teacher attitudes and challenges faced, for a feasible adoption approach. Six pre-service teachers were introduced to a mobile device, and asked to collaboratively design and implement MALL. Perceived usefulness, ease of use of the device, and their propensity to innovate the device were surveyed. Following adoption, an interview was conducted to address the challenges teachers faced. e results echoed literature findings on teacher adoption of other technologies and presented some new findings. For example, organizational effort should focus on providing knowledge and experience of mobile technology to teachers, or arranging a special design task for teacher participation. Using mobile technology in the classroom reveals pedagogical challenges such as balancing the attractiveness of the device with student engagement in the curriculum. Finally, this study also recommends a special supportive team to facilitate teacher adoption of mobile technology. Based on these preliminary results, this study hopes for better deployment of future mobile technology-mediated language learning.

ABSTRACTContextualised mobile assisted language learning (MALL) has been known for its potential in language learning rooted in social constructivism theories. However, a consistent approach to constituents of contextualised MALL, in addition to a quantitative tool to evaluate it, is missing in reported case studies. The present research, drawing upon literature context definitions, presents a research framework for analysing, designing and evaluating contextualised MALL. Real world and real life context variables were analysed and the potential influence of the country (target and non-target) and the mobile activities language learning orientation (generic/dedicated) on contextualised MALL was suggested. Empirical data collected from 53 L2 Chinese students in Taiwan and Israel, encompassing 296 types of MALL activities performed by students, was used to develop the contextualised MALL model as well as an index for measuring real world and real life context learning. This measuring index was subsequently established in a combined top-down and bottom-up process, using pre-defined context literature augmented with students’ stories. At the end of the research procedure a quantitatively operative evaluation tool was developed. Real world was measured by the amount of content activity in relation to the place, typical or non-typical objects of the place and typical situations at the place. Real life was measured by the degree to which other tools assisted in other core activities whose purpose was not learning. The paper presents the research framework, the developed model and index with examples illustrating their application. They are offered for the research and practice community to use.

Data-driven learning (DDL) has traditionally been studied via standard corpus interfaces, such as COCA, Sketch Engine, IntelliText, and other similar corpus tools. In addition, DDL has traditionally been seen as part of the computer-assisted language learning (CALL) approach, primarily because access to corpora and corpus interfaces has historically been limited to desktop computers. However, with the emergence of several simplified and mobile-friendly web corpus interfaces and with mobile assisted language learning (MALL) gaining momentum in language education, along with its potential in DDL, mobile-assisted DDL has become an alternative learning technique. This paper reports on a study carried out with a group of undergraduate EFL students studying at International Balkan University (IBU). In this study, the participants were given linguistic tasks to complete using new web corpus interfaces as reference tools, namely, CorpusMate and Netspeak. The first corpus interface was exploited via the traditional CALL approach, whereas the latter was utilized with mobile technology. The results of the study revealed positive learner perceptions and experiences with the newly introduced tools, while they also displayed enthusiasm and motivation to engage in DDL within the context of MALL. The present study provides valuable insights into students’ perspectives and experiences with state-of-the-art corpus tools and mobile technology, which can help shape future paths for research in DDL and MALL.

Jeong-Bae Son's edited volume, Computer-Assisted Language Learning: Learners, Teachers, and Tools (2014), offers an extensive examination of the landscape of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL), illuminating the intricate dynamics among learners, educators, and digital tools. This review delves into the book’s diverse contributions, which range from empirical studies to theoretical discussions, shedding light on the evolving role of technology in language education. The book is structured into eight chapters, each addressing distinct aspects of CALL. Notably, Kao and Windeatt’s exploration of multimedia environments for low-achieving learners challenges the presumption that technology alone can overcome educational barriers, emphasising the need for supportive learning strategies. Similarly, Gobel and Kano’s analysis of mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) in Japanese contexts highlights the potential of mobile devices but underscores gaps related to the digital divide. Park’s task-based needs analysis for MALL offers insights into enhancing language proficiency but lacks a critical view of the limitations of mobile contexts. Dashtestani’s examination of Wikipedia use among English for Academic Purposes (EAP) students underscores the double-edged nature of open-access resources, stressing the need for digital literacy. The book also addresses professional development, with chapters focusing on Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) and the transition from CALL coursework to practice. Despite its comprehensive coverage, the book would benefit from a more integrated approach to synthesising its diverse perspectives and addressing broader theoretical issues. Son’s volume remains a useful resource for understanding the complexities of integrating technology in language learning and offers practical insights for educators and researchers exploring this dynamic field.

This book provides a deep exploration of technological advancements in language education, tracing its evolution from Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) to Web-based Language Learning (WELL) and Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL). It highlights the importance of personalized, selfdirected learning while addressing the need for expert guidance in autonomous learning scenarios. The chapters identify persistent challenges in technologyenhanced language education and introduce a diverse range of innovative methods, tools, and pedagogies. They thoroughly examine the effectiveness of MOOCs, cutting-edge teaching practices, and resources that support independent learning, including flipped classrooms, digital dictionaries, and Moodle lessons. This interdisciplinary approach bridges fields, integrating courses that combine optics and coding with language learning, as well as collaborative digital dictionaries and Moodle-based instruction for ESP in Criminology. Overall, the book emphasizes the transformative and collaborative role of technology in reshaping how languages are taught and learned.

Students studying abroad already don’t leave home without their mobile devices—phones, MP3 players, netbooks, laptops. The potential for m-learning for these device-toting learners holds great promise that can easily be capitalized upon by the savvy teacher. Learners studying abroad who are outfitted with m-learning devices which include well-chosen Web 2.0 resources derive immediate and long range benefits. Furthermore, when organized to communicate with learners back home, the travelers help create a transnational community of practice that shares the wealth of the experiential learning. This chapter takes a tour of mobile learning technologies and techniques that enhance and extend the study abroad experience far beyond the reach of a small group fortunate enough to travel. As has long been the case with CALL (Computer Assisted Language Learning) and TELL (Technology Enhanced Language Learning), and now with MALL (Mobile Assisted Language Learning), experts note that well-chosen resources, along with carefully structured and planned activities, enhance various aspects of language acquisition and social interaction. After the literature review, this chapter considers lessons gleaned from the author’s trails, trials, and errors across a range of technologies and borders. It ends with suggestions for ways to optimize iStudyAbroad today and tomorrow.

The impact of Covid-19 disease requires the educational process have to be implemented in an integrated way with technology. Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) as the recent methods becomes more popular because of these, where everything can be simplified by using mobile devices. This research aims at exploring the use of Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) on students’ listening activities especially related to their leaning experience. This research investigated the use of various applications and learning resources that can be accessed by students by themselves. It also gave a description about the students’ experience in using the applications on their listening activities which is considered as learning activity that is integrated Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) on the process. This study was designed as descriptive quantitative research. The participants involved in this study were 33 English Department students who taken listening subject. Questionnaire was used as instrument in collecting the data in this stud, and it was distributed by using Google form. It was found that Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) support students’ listening activities through several recommended applications. Most of the students got better learning experience on their listening activities through exercises that they got from the applications they used. It means that Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) brings a great learning experience on students’ listening activities. Therefore, it can be concluded that Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) support students’ listening activities through several recommended applications.

Mobile assisted language learning (MALL) research has been characterized by an overemphasis on technology, while the wide variety of approaches to the uses of mobiles has painted an atomized picture of L2 instruction. This paper discusses various conceptualizations of MALL that favour areas of language learning that are anchored on different theories of learning and language learning. Drawing on the seminal work by Traxler (2018, 2019), as well as on research that has examined self-directed uses, the use of apps and Augmented Reality (AR) in MALL, the authors contend that it is essential to shift our focus away from device-oriented pedagogies to more socially situated practices that take stock of new ecologies of language use. We contend that the research field is in search of a wider theoretical perspective in the context of SLA and language education that explores what we label here as socially contextualized MALL.

Mobile phone is very important for EFL teaching and learning. In education, there are several ways in which mobile phones can increase foreign language education. Then, this is the digital era students are very familiar with using mobile phones, gadgets, and other mobile applications that are English this requires teachers to master various skills. Teachers must be creative in the teaching and learning process, for example, using technology such as mobile phones. This study aims to explore how the teachers apply MALL (Mobile Assisted Language Learning) and what difficulties teachers face in implementing MALL (Mobile Assisted Language Learning) for EFL Learning at a Junior High School in Cirebon. This research was conducted by using a case study method in Junior High School. The subjects of this study were English teachers who had used MALL (Mobile mobile-assisted language Learning) in their learning; The results of this study show that the use of Mobile Assisted Language Learning is related to using MALL devices Laptops, and Mobile Phones as teaching media, and applications used by teachers, WhatsApp, Telegram, YouTube, Google Classroom, Zoom, Jamboard, Padlet, Live Worksheet, and Quizizz in EFL learning. The difficulties that teachers face are Classroom Management, Connectivity and Internet, Distraction, and Time management.

Mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) has been developed rapidly and integrated into language learning in various levels in recent years, particularly for the young generation. Many previous studies reveal that young learners have autonomous learning in using online sources or apps in the MALL context. However, not many studies in China have examined Chinese students' use of MALL. Therefore, this chapter investigates how Chinese college students perceived their use of mobile devices for English as a foreign language (EFL) learning. It was based on two small studies and focused on using online sources and mobile apps for EFL learning on learners' mobile devices. Participants were 166 students from 21 universities in China. Research tools consisted of questionnaires and interviews. The findings demonstrate a high motivation among the participants in using online sources and apps for EFL learning on their mobile devices. The results also showed the impact of different regions on students' attitudes toward MALL. Mobile apps that are related to EFL class context could enhance students' EFL learning.