Using quantum computing algorithms in future satellite communication

This paper has two objectives: to discuss the role of small satellites in the satellite communications R&D (research and development) in the IT (Information Technology) era, and to show communications technology topics in small satellite applications. The need for small satellite communications is first discussed. The future (next three decades) vision of satellite communications R&D is then described, corresponding to the recent rapid increase of capacity of terrestrial links. Third, the role of small satellites in future satellite communications R&D is discussed. Finally, small satellite related communications technology topics are described to show that there are many interesting research issues.

Quantum computing simulation platform can simulate the computation results of the quantum computer based on traditional computers, which is an effective way to promote the development of quantum computing software, algorithms and hardware at the current immature stage of the real quantum computer. Since quantum computers have exponential calculation acceleration compared with traditional computers, the main problems in implementing quantum computing simulation on traditional computers are low computational efficiency and long time-consuming. A quantum circuit which is a sequence of quantum gates acting on a collection of qubits is the general quantum computing model. So by the means of quantum circuit optimization, the calculation speed can be significantly increased while keeping the calculation result unchanged. The existing empirical rules of quantum circuit optimization methods have limitations and there is no common and automatic quantum circuit optimization method. In this paper, a general and automatic quantum circuit optimization method based on the genetic algorithm is proposed, by which the equivalent optimal quantum circuit is obtained through a finite number of searching in a large searching space. This method is not limited by the hardware of the quantum computing simulation and the composition of the quantum circuit. The experimental results show that for the QFT algorithm of 29 qubits, the running time can be shortened by 41.4% and for the variational circuit of 6 qubits, the running time can be shortened by 18.8% compared with the state-of-the-art quantum circuit optimization method. So this method can improve the quantum computing simulation capability and operating efficiency and provide a rapid development way for quantum algorithms and applications.

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb. and Greetings.I am pleased and honored to welcome you at the First International Conference on Computer Science and Applied Mathematic (ICCSAM 2018), which was held this year by AMIK and STIKOM Tunas Bangsa Pematangsiantar in collaboration with the Indonesian Computer and Information Professional Association (IPKIN), Indonesian Mathematical Society (INDOMS) and Bank Muamalat. As Chair of the Foundation, I would like to convey a greeting Welcome to Parapat City Lake Toba to presenters from various countries and especially those I respect for the presence of scientists in the field of Computer and Mathematical Sciences and industry practitioners in the 2018 ICCSAM event.I see that this activity is designed to enhance the exchange of knowledge and new discoveries in computer science and mathematics and related fields in industry. I hope that scientists in the field of computer science and mathematics and those who work in the industry can share knowledge and work together as a team that has mutual relations with each other. I am very pleased to say that the theme of this conference, “Advancing Computability Innovation” is very much in line with the objectives of AMIK and STIKOM conferences and missions, namely “to become a Science and Technology based Study Program that meets industrial needs and functions as a research center in Information Data Science. The conference was held in response to output and aoutcame which had a significant contribution in the field of computer science and mathematics as an inseparable unit of science towards the development of local and global industries. It is our happiness and honor to welcome distinguished professors present to convey their expertise at this conference.I hope this meeting will enable the development of productive dialogue between participants from various countries. They also provide invaluable opportunities for networking among participants, institutions and industries. I also hope that diversity in these fields can reveal more opportunities for researchers and practitioners from all over the world to start a lot of research related to the industry in the future.I would like to congratulate AMIK and STIKOM Tunas Bangsa for starting this conference with a synergistic contribution from dedicated partners namely the USU Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, USU’s Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, the Indonesian Computer and Informatics Professional Association (IPKIN), Indonesian Mathematical Society (INDOMS), Bank Muamalat, Malaysia Pahang University (UMP), University of Essex, United Kingdom, Ankara, Turkey and Institute of Applied Mathematics Middle East Technical University to all delegates for their full support, cooperation and contribution to the 2018 ICCSAM. I also want to thank the Organizing Committee for their perseverance and extraordinary efforts. Various sponsors are also rewarded for their contributions. I really hope that all participants will get a pleasant stay here at NIAGARA HOTEL and bring back unforgettable experiences and valuable knowledge from this conference.Thanks.H. Ahmad Ridwansyah Putra

The advancements within the field of computer science in the last years has been enormous. AI cloud services, crypto currencies, 5G, autonomous vehicles, smart homes, quantum computing, affective computing. The traditional organizational model for preparing computer science educators should be also following this fast pace and study programs should be aligned with recent developments and the latest trends in industry. The aim of this article is to present to future educational designers examples of one new program in the domain of Fintech, and how 3 technical Universities in Europe prepared their Fintech Masters degrees. We give further suggestions and guidelines for universities how to develop such programs.

Nature has remedies for almost all problems. Though biological systems exhibits organised, complex and intelligent behaviour, they comprise of simple elements and governed by simple rules. Hence, mimicking such systems has been the attraction of researchers in the fields of computer science, neuroscience and biology for a long time. Generating complex behaviour from small agents working locally following simple rules is a highly cost-effective solution of the real life problem. Bio-inspired computing can be achieved through different models such as stochastic, ad hoc or discrete models; new paradigm inspired from nature like evolutionary approach and immune systems; and new platform, novel architecture and specially designed material such as artificial fuel cell. The consortium of bio-inspired computing are artificial neural networks, evolutionary algorithms, swarm intelligence, artificial immune systems, fractal geometry, artificial life, DNA computing and quantum computing, etc. This article discusses consortium of bio-inspired computing along with applications and research scope. In spite of having advantages offered by partial simulation of natural intelligence, there are some limitations of the bio-inspired computing that need to be addressed. These challenges include creation of new model, techniques and platforms for bio-inspired computing. This article concludes with the challenges to be explored in the field.

While quantum computing has shown great promise in the field of computer science, a lack of actual practical quantum hardware means that mainstream research must rely on simulations. As such, a wide number of quantum computing simulation libraries have been developed, each with their own strengths and weaknesses. A good simulator must not just be accurate, but fast as well. This is especially relevant for quantum systems since the problem size growth for quantum systems is super-exponential. For this paper, we introduce a quantum computing simulation system that takes advantage of multiple gpus to achieve up to 400 times faster simulation time. We discuss the implementation details and provide analysis of its performance. We also demonstrate how the real-world phenomenon of quantum gate incoherence can be accurately simulated by varying the floating point precision and demonstrate it by using a precision of 9 bits, which we evaluate using Randomized Benchmarking.

Quantum computing has quickly become at the vanguard of many computer science fields today. This is motivated by quantum computers ability to perform computational tasks with efficiencies that are not possible with classical computers. Quantum computing technology has a lasting potential impact on society and a broad implications on many aspects of our lives. Communications Industry Researchers (CIR) estimates that the global quantum-computing market is expected to reach $1.9 billion in 2023, increasing to $8 billion by 2027, in spending on associated software and services. Although quantum computing has several advantages, it threatens the current cryptographic techniques, which are necessary for today’s Internet standards like the Transport Layer Security (TLS). This is due to its ability to perform infinite complex computations in parallel. Therefore, it is expected that quantum computers will be able to solve the key distribution problem and break every single cryptography and authentication algorithm based on Asymmetric cryptography, such as: RSA, ECC, and Diffie-Hellman. New emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, autonomous vehicles, 5G, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and robotics all rely on cryptography for their secure operation. Although quantum computing supports technological evolution and growth, it will pose a threat to the current progress and future development of these technologies. Therefore, cryptography and authentication techniques need improvements as introducing quantum computing would put today’s cybersecurity in serious risk. NSA and NIST proposed solutions to tackle these challenges. However, these solutions are still immature as they need major upgrade of hardware implementation. Instead, the recommendations focus on what is called post-quantum, quantum-proof, quantum-safe or quantum-resistant cryptosystems. This talk outlines how the impact of quantum technologies on authentication, data exchange, and data storage, as well as areas where cryptography plays an essential role, such as: blockchain, 5G, IoT, and AI technologies. It investigate the possible impact of quantum technologies on these emerging technologies. Finally, it discusses some of the current quantum security solution that are devoted to protect the devices and systems in the quantum era, and mitigate quantum attacks.

Quantum Computation in a Human Environment

A 64-element, Ku-band, active phased-array antenna developed for application in communications satellites is presented. Antenna radiation pattern and spatial isolation measurements show good agreement with predictions. In order to minimize the performance variations among the array elements, the 5-b digital phase shifter, the 50-b digital attenuator, and the amplifiers have been realized using MMIC (monolithic microwave integrated circuit) technology. This allowed the realization of 64 active modules whose amplitude and phase variations over 11.7 to 12.7 GHz are within +or-1.5 dB and +or-10 degrees . The successful development of this broadband active phased array has demonstrated the maturity of MMIC technology and the feasibility of active arrays in future communications satellites. >

A double-layered constellation for a future global satellite communications network connected by optical intersatellite links has been proposed. The constellation consists of lower layer satellites for mobile and personal satellite communications, and upper layer satellites for large- capacity fixed satellite communications and feeder links. Optical inter-satellite links, which can perform high-capacity communications with small terminals, are used for all intersatellite data transmission. Although a polar orbit constellation offers the merit of simpleness in network configurations, the inclined orbit constellation offers the potential for reducing the required number of satellites, improving link properties, and enhancing the coverage in middle and low latitudes, by selecting the most adequate inclination of the orbits. The optical inter- satellite link properties, coverage properties, and required number of satellites are evaluated for constellations using inclined orbits, and then compared with those of a polar orbit constellation. Three constellation types in each layer achieving continuous double coverage are assumed. For each constellation, the relations between these properties and the inclination of the orbits are examined. The basic parameters of optical inter-satellite links on satellite constellations using inclined orbits are also shown.

Despite great effort in research and teaching as well as in raising women’s quotas in the public sector and in enterprises, a gender gap in computer science can still be observed. The reasons are manifold, including the lack of interest of girls because of existing stereotypes of male nerds, misconceptions in the field of computer science, and concrete differences in students’ self-concept and performance. Girls do not choose schools or studies in the field of computer science because working on computers or coding is unattractive to them. Research shows poorer performance, missing interest, and lower self-concept for girls in secondary computing education as well as a high dropout rate of female students in computer science courses at the bachelor’s level. Software development exams contribute to those high dropout rates, and women often choose a different subject or even stop their university education altogether. This leads to fewer female employees in the field of computer science, and this situation calls for special measures at several levels. The current paper provides an overview of the initiatives of our university that aim to address several aspects of the gender gap. The programs offered aim to (1) increase interest in computer science and recruit (highly) gifted girls for our talent programs, (2) recruit and support female bachelor’s and master’s students in computer science, and (3) redesign programming courses and teaching materials to reduce the gender gap in performance and support, especially for female students. This study also describes a cyber tutoring program in which highly gifted girls between 13 and 16 years collaborate with and are supervised by female role models in higher positions in STEM. The evaluation results gained in the first year of this case study are promising and suggest that the extension and further development of the program would be advantageous.

Guest editorial IJSCN special issue on 3GPP NTN standards for future satellite communications

Quantum computers differ from traditional computers because unlike traditional computers that use and process information in bits (0 or 1), the unit of information in quantum computers is the quantum bit, or qubit, that can represent additional states beyond ones and zeros at the same time. The additional states called superimposition and entanglement facilitate phenomenal processing speed of quantum computers. The emergence of quantum computers has raised many concerns in various areas of information security. This paper employs a literature survey methodology to elucidate the positive and negative impacts of quantum computers on information security. This paper further addresses the concern that quantum computers will negatively impact information security by examining all recommended information security and privacy controls of the NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 catalog of controls. Furthermore, the paper briefly outlines the recent work towards quantum-resistant standards.

Nowadays, quantum computing is a very promising technology. Quantum computers, rather than using merely 1 s or 0 s, execute calculations based on the probability of an object's condition before it is measured, allowing them to process exponentially more data than traditional computers. A bit is a single state, such as on or off, up or down, 1 or 0. Instead, operations in quantum computing utilise the quantum state of an item to produce a qubit. These are the undefined qualities of an object before they are discovered, such as an electron's spin or a photon's polarisation. Several firms are releasing tools for quantum computing practice. One of the tools we'll use to implement our quantum programming is IBM's experience. It also aids in the execution of our programs on real quantum devices. We'll look at the IBM Q experience, circuit composer and building circuits with quantum lab notebooks in this chapter. The dashboard containing the fundamental information is introduced in the IBM Q experience. The user interface for learning quantum circuits, qubits and the gates that are used to perform operations on each qubit is outlined in circuit composer. Creating quantum circuits using quantum lab notebooks shows how to build circuits with the Notebook with Qiskit that comes pre-installed on IBM Quantum Experience.

The evolution of twenty-first-century science has increasingly relied on interdisciplinary exploration, where boundaries between traditional disciplines blur to foster new innovations. Quantum computing has emerged as a leading area of modern innovation, uniting concepts from physics, mathematics, engineering, and computer science. Using quantum-mechanical properties like entanglement and superposition, these systems are capable of addressing complex problems that traditional computers cannot efficiently handle. This chapter examines the interdisciplinary nature of quantum computing, focusing on how it integrates theoretical physics with computational models to push the frontiers of human knowledge. Through this synthesis, quantum computing not only expands the limits of computation but also demonstrates how collaboration across disciplines can yield transformative technologies that redefine our understanding of science and information. Keywords: Quantum Computing, Interdisciplinary Research, Computer Science, Quantum Algorithms, Innovation, Physics, Future Technology