Verborgen zorgbehoeften bij ouderen

Early childhood during its development period experiences significant changes in various aspects, including emotional and behavioral aspects. Problems that arise related to emotion and behavior can affect their overall growth and development. In a previous study, 81 children aged 4-10 years were identified through a Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) filled out by parents in Krendang Village, West Jakarta. The results found significant differences between boys and girls. Boys were more often in the abnormal category, especially in the aspects of emotional, behavioral, and social relationship problems, which means that boys are more vulnerable in these categories. While girls fared better, there’s just little difference in terms of percentages between the two genders. The majority of children, both boys and girls, are still in the normal range, but parents still need to pay attention to signs of behavioral and emotional problems in their children. The results of this study were then socialized back to the parents, accompanied by the provision of psychoeducation about handling emotional and behavioral problems in early childhood. The results of this psychoeducation are considered very useful for parents, because through this psychoeducation and dissemination, tips and knowledge about parenting have been given. That way, parents can also understand that proper parenting can help overcome children's emotional and behavioral problems. Early childhood during its development period experiences significant changes in various aspects, including emotional and behavioral aspects. Problems that arise related to emotion and behavior can affect their overall growth and development. In a previous study, 81 children aged 4-10 years were identified through a Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) filled out by parents in Krendang Village, West Jakarta. The results found significant differences between boys and girls. Boys were more often in the abnormal category, especially in the aspects of emotional, behavioral, and social relationship problems, which means that boys are more vulnerable in these categories. While girls fared better, there’s just little difference in terms of percentages between the two genders. The majority of children, both boys and girls, are still in the normal range, but parents still need to pay attention to signs of behavioral and emotional problems in their children. The results of this study were then socialized back to the parents, accompanied by the provision of psychoeducation about handling emotional and behavioral problems in early childhood. The results of this psychoeducation are considered very useful for parents, because through this psychoeducation and dissemination, tips and knowledge about parenting have been given. That way, parents can also understand that proper parenting can help overcome children's emotional and behavioral problems.

Behavioural and emotional problems occur at a high rate in children and adolescents with intellectual disability, often from a young age. Some studies have indicated that children and adolescents with autism present with even higher rates. Less is known about the presentation, development and family impact of these difficulties in young children with autism. This study aimed to explore these issues in toddlers with pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs), those with delay without a PDD, and their families. Participants were 123 children aged 20-51 months, referred to a developmental assessment clinic. Parents completed a checklist on child behavioural and emotional problems, and individual questionnaires on family functioning, their own mental health, and stress in relation to parenting their child. The child's language and cognitive skills, adaptive functioning and behaviour were assessed by standardized measures. Measures were repeated 1 year postdiagnosis. Behavioural and emotional problems in young children with a PDD were compared with those in children with developmental delay without a PDD, and their impact on parental outcomes explored over time. Initial and follow-up measures of child behaviour and emotional problems, parent mental health problems, parent stress and family functioning were significantly correlated, providing some evidence of stability over time. Child emotional and behavioural problems contributed significantly more to mother stress, parent mental health problems, and perceived family dysfunction than child diagnosis (PDD/non-PDD), delay or gender. Compared with mothers, all fathers reported significantly less stress in relation to parenting their child. Results highlighted the importance of addressing emotional and behavioural problems in very young children with autism and/or developmental delay. The need for early support and intervention for mothers, fathers and families in this context was also evidenced. As research has shown that behavioural and emotional problems persist into adolescence and young adulthood, understanding of these issues in very young children and their parents has important implications for intervention and long-term outcomes.

Effects of Multisystemic Therapy for Child Abuse and Neglect on severity of neglect, behavioral and emotional problems, and attachment disorder symptoms in children

Effect of foot reflexology on behavioral and emotional problems in preschool children

People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at increased risk of developing co-occurring mental health difficulties across the lifespan. Exposure to adverse life events and parental mental health difficulties are known risk factors for developing a range of mental health difficulties. This study investigates the association of adverse life events, parental stress and mental health with emotional and behavioral problems in young adults with ASD. One hundred and fifteen young adults with ASD derived from a population-based longitudinal study were assessed at three time-points (12-, 16-, and 23-year) on questionnaire measures of emotional and behavioral problems. Parent-reported exposure to adverse life events and parental stress/mental health were measured at age 23. We used structural equation modeling to investigate the stability of emotional and behavioral problems over time, and the association between adverse life events and parental stress and mental health and emotional and behavioral outcomes at 23-year. Our results indicate that exposure to adverse life events was significantly associated with increased emotional and behavioral problems in young adults with ASD, while controlling for symptoms in childhood and adolescence. Higher reported parental stress and mental health difficulties were associated with a higher frequency of behavioral, but not emotional problems, and did not mediate the impact of adverse life events. These results suggest that child and adolescent emotional and behavioral problems, exposure to life events and parent stress and mental health are independently associated, to differing degrees, with emotional or behavioral outcomes in early adulthood. LAY SUMMARY: People with autism experience high rates of mental health difficulties throughout childhood and into adult life. Adverse life events and parental stress and mental health may contribute to poor mental health in adulthood. We used data at three time points (12-, 16-, and 23-year) to understand how these factors relate to symptoms at 23-year. We found that emotional and behavioral problems in childhood, adverse life events and parent mental health were all associated with increased emotional and behavioral problems in adulthood.

The aim of this study was to investigate the elements of the parental marital relationship which put children at risk for behavioural and emotional problems. Data from 119 families from the general population with a child aged between 9 and 12 years were analysed for the present study. The relationship between children's emotional and behavioural problems and overt parental conflict, covert tension between parents and discrepancy on child-rearing practices was assessed. Overt parental conflict was found to relate most strongly to children's emotional and behavioural problems using mothers', fathers' and children's accounts of the children's symptoms and after controlling for other aspects of marital disharmony. Aspects of the parent-child relationship were hypothesized as mediating variables in the relationship between parental conflict and children's emotional and behavioural problems, but the data did not support this hypothesis.

Background: The emotional-behavioral repertoire has been extensively studied in children and adolescents, devoting less effort to preadolescence. Objective: To investigate the emotional-behavioral repertoire compared to different sources of information – parents versus children – on a pilot non-clinical sample of Italian preadolescents. Methods: Thirty pre-adolescents aged 11 to 14 years old (16 females, 14 males) are consecutively referred to the Service of Psychotherapy, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan for an evaluation of their mental health status. Pre-adolescents and their parents were respectively asked to fill in the Youth Self- Report (YSR) and the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL). Results: Significant differences between mothers and fathers emerged at Syndrome Scales (SSs): Anxious/ Depressed (p=0.026), Social Problems (p=0.035); at DSM-oriented Scales (DOSs) in Emotional Problems (p=0.012) and at the scales in Internalization (p=0.019). There are also significant differences on the total score (p=0.035). Comparing answers reported by pre-adolescents versus those reported by their parents, the number of scales with significant differences increases (SSs. Anxious/Depressed: p=0.032; Somatic Complaints: p=0.004; Thought Problems: p=0.010; DOSs. Anxiety Problems: p=0.044; Somatic Problems: p=.006; Internalization: p=0.016), with influences also the total score (p=0.049). Discreet correlations in all the global scales and in total scores between pre-adolescents and mothers, but not fathers, were found. Conclusions: Parents show differences in their perception of children’s emotional- behavioral problems, especially of internalizing behaviors. These results suggest the specific importance of an extended family analysis at this stage of development.

The focus of this paper – analysis of associations of emotional and behavioral problems of referred and non-referred children with family socio-demographic variables. For this purpose, we used data from a clinical sample (N = 780) that consists of children placed for treatment to child psychiatry centers and mental health centers, and data from a representative sample (referred children are excluded) (N = 3191). Worldwide known ASEBA instruments CBCL6/18 and YSR 11/18 were applied in this research to evaluate children's emotional and behavioral problems, also a questionnaire to collect data on socio-demographic variables about child and his family. We made a comprehensive analysis of social, demographic, economic variables in relation to emotional and behavioral problems assessed by CBCL and YSR, also comparisons between clinical and representative groups were made. Results show that gender was important variable influencing level of internal and external problems both in clinical and representative samples. Age was more important determinant in representative group. Children from incomplete families showed higher levels of emotional and behavioral disturbances (particularly, external). Children from clinical sample from incomplete families more often were receiving in-patient treatment rather than outpatient treatment. Better educational background (especially that of mothers) was important social factor determining lower levels of psychological problems in both clinical and representative samples. Family SES (income per person) negatively correlated with most CBCL and YSR scales scores, although there were no significant relations with Somatic Complaints and Rule Breaking Behavior scales. Prognostic power of socio-economic, demographic variables to predict child behavioral and emotional problems was assessed. In addition, revised norms for CBCL6/18, TRF6/18 and YSR11/18 are enclosed.

Emotional and behavioral problems in early adolescents and association with socio-demographic risk factors

Lithuania was one of the countries that applied quarantine during the rise of COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020, the duration of which was three months (from March 16th, 2020 to June 16th, 2020). Despite emerging literature showing negative effects of quarantine on children’s mental health, insight into specific risk factors is lacking due to limited longitudinal data. The aim of the present study was to analyse changes in Lithuanian pre-schoolers’ emotional and behavioural problems during the first quarantine due to COVID-19 pandemic and their relations to the potential risk factors such as parental distress and increase in daily screen time. Parents of 78 children aged 4 to 6 (31% girls and 69% boys, mean age at the first measurement 66.1 months (SD = 10.33)) completed Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL/1½-5), questions on children’s screen time and physical activity and reported their distress before the quarantine (November 2019–February 2020) and at the end of it (May–June 2020). Results showed that children had more behavioral problems, spent more time on screens and were less physically active during the quarantine, and their parents were experiencing more distress than before. However, parental distress emerged as the only variable that predicted preschoolers’ emotional and behavioral problems during the quarantine after a child’s previous problems were taken into account. This highlights the importance of targeting support towards families raising children with behavioral problems, as the challenges they were already facing increase during quarantine and their parents may be more susceptible to less desirable practices such as providing children with more screen time as a way to cope with this situation.

IntroductionThe children of female sex workers are the victims of their circumstances from the beginning and are deprived of an environment that encourages optimal physical and psychological development. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems among adolescent offspring of female sex workers and compare that with adolescent offspring of slum-dwellers in Daulatdia and Dhaka city, Bangladesh.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 394 adolescent children (196 adolescent offspring of sex workers and 198 adolescent offspring of slum dwellers) from March 2024 to May 2024 using a structured questionnaire. The study was conducted through face-to-face interviews where sociodemographic details, along with information regarding emotional and behavioral health problems, were assessed through the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) scale, and health-related quality of life was assessed through the Kidscreen-10 scale. Descriptive analysis, bivariate analysis, and binary logistic regression analysis were performed.ResultsThe prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems was 13% for adolescent offspring of Daulatdia and 15% for Korail slum. Age and gender in brothel settings and HRQoL in both settings were found to be significantly associated with emotional and behavioral difficulties. Adolescent offspring of FSWs with low HRQoL (OR = 4.09, p-value < 0.05, CI 1.579–10.595) were 4.09 times more likely to suffer from abnormal mental disorders than those with average or high HRQoL. While in a slum setting, it is 2.825 times higher (OR = 2.825, p-value < 0.05, CI 1.142–6.987).ConclusionThe study concluded that the overall prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems for adolescent offspring of FSWs was significantly lower than for adolescent offspring of slum dwellers in the emotional problem subscale. Tailored interventions should be developed to address the specific needs of individuals with emotional and behavioral health problems while minimizing the detrimental impacts of their stigmatized identity.

Teachers' Assessments of Children's Mental Problems With Respect to Adolescents' Subsequent Self-Reported Mental Health

Many people with dementia live in residential homes, but little is known about their quality of life. To compare the views of residents with dementia with the views of staff as to their quality of life, and to look at factors associated with these ratings. The Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease (QoL-AD) scale was used to rate residents' and staff's perceptions of the quality of life of 238 residents of 24 residential homes in the UK. There were 119 QoL-AD scales completed by both residents and staff. For the residents, high QoL-AD scores strongly correlated with lower scores for depression (rho = -0.53, P < 0.0001) and anxiety (rho = -0.50, P < 0.001). In contrast, better quality of life as rated by staff correlated most strongly with increased dependency (rho = -0.53, P < 0.001) and behaviour problems (rho = -0.40, P < 0.001). The QoL-AD could be used as an effective measure of the quality of life of people with dementia in residential homes. Whereas mood was the main predictor of residents'own assessment of their quality of life, staff ratings were strongly linked with dependency. Staff should be aware that mood rather than level of dependency has a greater impact on residents' quality of life.

ObjectivesRetrospective harmonisation of data obtained through different instruments creates measurement error, even if the underlying concepts are assumed the same. We tested a novel method for item‐level data harmonisation of two widely used instruments that measure emotional and behavioural problems: the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).MethodsItem content of the CBCL and SDQ was mapped onto four dimensions: emotional problems, peer relationship problems, hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems. A diverse test sample was drawn from four prospective longitudinal birth cohort studies in Australia and Europe who used one or both instruments. The pooled sample included 5188 data points assessing children and adolescents aged 6–13 years (N = 257–704 participants per cohort). Measurement invariance was assessed using latent variable multi‐group confirmatory factor analysis.ResultsFifteen items from the CBCL and SDQ were mapped onto four dimensions allowing for measurement invariance testing as part of a stepwise process. Partial strict invariance between CBCL and SDQ assessments was established for all four dimensions.ConclusionsThe harmonised dimensions of emotional, peer relationship, hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems are invariant across the CBCL and SDQ suggesting that these dimensions can be reliably compared with limited measurement error.

Prevalence of behavioral and emotional problems among seven to eleven year old children in selected schools in Kandy District, Sri Lanka