Video Watermarking for Persistent and Robust Tracking of Entertainment Content (PARTEC)

Current one-shot, handheld Digital Still Cameras (DSCs) generally offer different file formats to save the captured frames: Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG), RAW and/or Tag(ged) Image File Format (TIFF). Although the JPEG file format is the most commonly used file format worldwide, it is incapable of storing all original data, something that also occurs, to a certain extent, for large TIFF files. Therefore, most professional photographers prefer shooting RAW files, often described as the digital photography's equivalent of a film negative. As a RAW file contains the absolute maximum amount of information and original data generated by the sensor, it is the only scientifically justifiable file format. In addition, its tremendous flexibility in both processing and post-processing also makes it beneficial from a workflow and image quality point of view. On the other hand, large file sizes, the required software and proprietary file formats remain hurdles that are often too difficult to overcome for many photographers. Aerial photographers who shoot with handheld DSCs should be familiar with both RAW and other file formats, as their implications cannot be neglected. By outlining the complete process from photon capture to the generation of pixel values, additionally illustrated by real-world examples, the advantages and particularities of RAW aerial photography should become clear.

Technological advancements, changes in consumer behavior, technological accessibility, social media, streaming services, and advancements in production technology have all led to exponential growth in digital audio and video production. With media convergence, the distinction between audio and video media becomes unclear. This makes multimedia content more flexible. However, changing business models,copyright issues, and content quality are also affected by this phenomenon. The development of digital audio and video production has experienced significant exponential growth, influenced by technologicaladvancements, changes in consumer behavior, technological accessibility, social media, streaming services, and advances in production technology. Media convergence has blurred the boundaries between audio and video media, creating flexibility in multimedia content. However, this phenomenon also has an impact on changing business models, content quality, and copyright issues. Copyright issues are taking center stage in the industry, especially with the rise of video sharing and streaming platforms. Copyright protection is a major challenge, and the law must constantly adapt to technological advances. The methodological approach carried out in this study is called literature research. The result of the discussion was that alternative business models such as subscribe, crowdfunding, and partnerships became strategies to address copyright issues. By studying media convergence, recommendation algorithms, copyright issues, business models, and user roles can help us to understand and control complex developments in digital audio and video production. To maintain the integrity of this industry, ethical guidelines and responses to technological trends must be created.

BackgroundVideos to support learning of clinical skills are effective; however, little is known about the scope and educational quality of the content of freely available online videos demonstrating task-specific training (TST). This review aimed to determine the extent, characteristics of freely available online videos, and whether the content is suitable to guide skill acquisition of task-specific training for neurological physiotherapists and students.MethodsA scoping review was conducted. Google video and YouTube were searched in December 2022. Videos that met our eligibility criteria and were explicitly designed for (TST) skill acquisition were included in the report.ResultsTen videos met the inclusion criteria and were difficult to find amongst the range of videos available. Most were presented by physiotherapists or occupational therapists, originated from the USA, featured stroke as the condition of the person being treated, and involved a range of interventions (upper limb, constraint induced movement therapy, balance, bicycling). Most videos were created by universities or private practices and only two used people with a neurological condition as the participant. When the content of videos and their presentation (instruction and/or demonstration), was assessed against each key component of TST (practice structure, specificity, repetition, modification, progression, feedback), five of the videos were rated very suitable and five moderately suitable to guide skill acquisition. Most videos failed to demonstrate and provide instruction on each key component of TST and were missing at least one component, with feedback most frequently omitted.ConclusionsThere are many freely available online videos which could be described as demonstrating TST; very few are suitable to guide skill acquisition. The development of a standardised and validated assessment tool, that is easy to use and assesses the content of TST videos is required to support learners to critically evaluate the educational quality of video content. Guidelines based on sound teaching theory and practice are required to assist creators of online videos to provide suitable resources that meet the learning needs of neurological physiotherapists and students.

User-Generated Captions: From Hackers, to the Disability Digerati, to Fansubbers

In today’s World there exists various source of data in various formats (file formats), different structure, different types and etc. which is a hug collection of unstructured over the internet or social media. This gives rise to categorization of data as unstructured, semi structured and structured data. Data that exist in irregular manner without any particular schema are referred as unstructured data which is very difficult to process as it consists of irregularities and ambiguities. So, we are focused on Intelligent Processing Unit which converts unstructured big data into intelligent meaningful information. Intelligent text extraction is a technique that automatically identifies and extracts text from file format. The system consists of different stages which include the pre-processing, keyphase extraction techniques and transformation for the text extraction and retrieve structured data from unstructured data. The system consists multiple method/approach give better result. We are currently working in various file formats and converting the file format into DOCX which will come in the form of the un-structure Form, and then we will obtain that file in the structure form with the help of intelligent Pre-processing. The pre-process stages that triggers the unstructured data/corpus into structured data converting into meaning full. The Initial stage is the system remove the stop word, unwanted symbols noisy data and line spacing. The second stage is Data Extraction from various sources of file or types of files into proper format plain text. The then in third stage we transform the data or information from one format to another for the user to understand the data. The final step is rebuilding the file in its original format maintaining tag of the files. The large size files are divided into sub small size file to executed the parallel processing algorithms for fast processing of larger files and data. Parallel processing is a very important concept for text extraction and with its help; the big file breaks in a small file and improves the result. Extraction of data is done in Bilingual language, and represent the most relevant information contained in the document. Key-phase extraction is an important problem of data mining, Knowledge retrieval and natural speech processing. Keyword Extraction technique has been used to abstract keywords that exclusively recognize a document. Rebuilding is an important part of this project and we will use the entire concept in that file format and in the last, we need the same format which we have done in that file. This concept is being widely used but not much work of the work has been done in the area of developing many functionalities under one tool, so this makes us feel the requirement of such a tool which can easily and efficiently convert unstructured files into structured one.

The emergence of online digital media sales services has given rise to the issue of online digital rights management (DRM). This paper presents a novel approach to online digital rights management and video content protection through the use of adaptive perceptual degradation based on usage. The proposed system facilitates the sharing of purchased digital videos between users while offering an incentive for users to acquire original video content through legal means. This is accomplished by adaptively degrading the quality of the digital video content based on a number of usage factors such as the number of times viewed and the number of copies made. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this system in striking a balance between the freedom of file sharing and content protection.

Universities value student satisfaction with online learning techniques because it implies achievement. Additionally, teachers’ use of ICT to boost student satisfaction should be examined. There is a limited amount of research on how video content in video-based learning and online learning experiences can improve student satisfaction as part of online learning strategy formulation. This study uses video content (understandability, reliability, and quality) in video-based and online learning to predict student satisfaction and test hypotheses and proposition using PLS-SEM and fs-QCA on 190 Indonesian university students who have taken online courses. The SEM analysis shows that online learning is the primary determinant of student satisfaction. Video content must be considered by teachers to boost online learning. Simultaneously, the online learning experience mediates content understandability and student satisfaction. The fs-QCA results offer both theoretical and practical insights that enable institutions to assess the degrees of satisfaction among students, distinguishing between those with high and low levels. Content understandability, reliability, and quality contribute to a high level of student satisfaction. Conversely, the absence of comprehensibility, excellence, and a satisfactory online learning encounter leads to diminished levels of contentment. The discoveries will assist establishments in enhancing the online educational encounter, thus impacting students’ satisfaction.

We are studying large video servers suitable for public networks. There are, however, technical problems involved. First, an architecture has to be built that is capable of handling large volumes of traffic, and second, we need to design methods for constructing large continuous media file systems. As an approach to solving these problems, we designed an architecture consisting of a massively parallel processor as the basic unit and distributed ATM interfaces and hard disk units. Based on this architecture, we built the ATM-based interactive multimedia server (AIMS).

The TIFF uncompressed file format is a widely accepted standard for storing master images of digitisation projects. As in the Koninklijke Bibliotheek, The National Library of the Netherlands (KB) the scale of these projects is rising rapidly, the need for an alternative, compressed file format is felt. This paper contains a summary of a research project in which four alternative file formats - JPEG 2000 Part 1 lossless and lossy, PNG, JPEG and TIFF LZW - have been described and tested. Four consequences of a choice for either of the formats have been described: consequences for storage, image quality, long term durability and functionality. In the final recommendations these consequences were weighed against three reasons the KB distinguishes for wanting to store master images:1. Substitution (JPEG 2000 Part 1 lossless or PNG)2. Redigitalisation is no option (Visual lossless JPEG 2000 Part 1 lossy or JPEG)3. Master file is the basis for access (JPEG and JPEG 2000 lossy with higher degrees of compression)

With the number of media platforms and the demand for regionalization and localization increasing, technology such as interoperable mastering format from SMPTE opens the door for standardized interchange of versioned content. This paper looks at the security concerns that might need to be addressed and some of the technologies that address those concerns when high-quality versionable masters are stored in the cloud for rendering directly into a customer’s delivery format. The paper considers many issues of security and efficiency including: (1) identity of the parties trading an asset, (2) establishing trust between parties, (3) encrypting the media, (4) authenticating access to the media, (5) ownership of media components, technical metadata, delivery profiles, and transaction metadata, and (6) compromises between security and efficiency.

To maintain its competitiveness in today's fiercely competitive long-form video platform market, Tencent Video launched the "X" Theater in 2023 from the perspective of long-term value, aiming to satisfy user demand for high-quality short-form videos through diversified and personalized content. This paper explores the development path of Tencent Video from the following four aspects: the industry survey on the foundation of Tencent Video and its development history, the significance of the study, the SWOT analysis of Tencent Video's X-Theatre content innovation strategy, and the optimization proposal for Tencent video's X-Theatre. Through these studies, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the competitive strategies of today's long-form video platforms. The study learns that Tencent has a broad user base and strong liquidity, allowing it to invest flexibly in video content. At the same time, Tencent can test the market's inclusiveness on a wider scale, thus leading similar platforms in terms of revenue. By innovating the scheduling model, improving the quality of video content, and digging deeper into the emotional needs of viewers, Tencent Video has taken the X Theater as a starting point for content innovation, which is now beginning to bear fruit. This innovative strategy is expected to drive the growth of long-form video platforms.

Delivery of multimedia content over network has always been given vital importance since its inception. Different models for content delivery have been proposed with respect to multiple factors like bandwidth, quality of content, importance, and delivery method, etc. In this paper, we propose a Hyper Text Transfer Protocol-based rate adaptive transcoding and streaming technique that maintains its multimedia streaming quality, especially when network grows congested and fragile during Disaster Management and Recovery operations. The proposed solution provides users high-quality audio and video contents even when network resources are limited and fragile. We developed a real-time test bed that can deliver high-quality streaming videos by transcoding the original video in real time to a scalable codec, which allows streaming adaptation according to network dynamics. We also performed validation tests to ensure multimedia delivery in cloud computing, functionality on our hosted website for live communication between transmitter and receiver. From our experiments, we observed that the rate adaptive transcoding and streaming can efficiently deliver information services such as live multimedia in emergency and disasters under very low bandwidth environments.

It has been suggested that institutional e-print services will become an important way of achieving the wide availability of e-prints across a broad range of subject disciplines, but as yet there are few exemplars of this sort of service. This paper describes how physicists make use of a successful subject-based e-prints service, arXiv (formerly known as the Los Alamos XXX service), and discusses the possible implications of this for institutional multidisciplinary e-print archives. A number of key points are identified, including technical issues (such as file formats and user interface design), management issues (such as submission procedures and administrative staff support), economic issues (such as installation and support costs), quality issues (such as peer review and quality control criteria), policy issues (such as digital preservation and collection development standards), academic issues (such as scholarly communication cultures and publishing trends), and legal issues (such as copyright and intellectual property rights). These are discussed with reference to the project to set up a pilot institutional e-print service at the University of Nottingham. This project is being used as a pragmatic way of investigating the issues surrounding institutional e-print services, particularly in seeing how flexible the e-prints model actually is and how easily it can adapt itself to disciplines other than physics.

The drastic increasing of multimedia applications, such as IPTV, Virtual Reality (VR, 360°) and Light Field videos has led to a high computing complexity in video compression and content quality assessment. In the last five years, HEVC standard has been widely used in the industrial community due to its bit-rate gain compared to its predecessor H.264/AVC. Recently, a new coding tools have been developed under the Joint Exploration Model (JEM) software, with the main goal to provide high bit rate saving compared to the HEVC standard. In this paper we investigate the performance and the associated computational complexity of these emerging video coding tools, from both encoding and decoding sides. Two spatial resolutions (HD & 4K) and several video contents have been used in this study. Results have shown that despite the bit-rate saving, a considerable computational complexity can be noticed. A bit-rate saving up to 37% and quality enhancements up to 30% can be achieved by JEM. However, these emerging tools are time consuming between x5 and x12 times compared to the HM reference software, depending on video sequence and encoding/decoding processes.

Since 1995 EUTELSAT, as well as other service providers (in Europe and worldwide), in collaboration with industrial partners and research institutions have been developing digital platforms for providing multimedia services as well as data broadcasting via satellite services. These digital platforms are based on the same technologies as those used for the emerging digital television and radio services, namely Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) and MPEG-2. These platforms will greatly improve the speed of multimedia services to the end user (e.g. up to 2 Mbit/s per session on an Internet connection) and will provide the possibility of downloading very large files in a very short time (e.g. downloading speeds of up to 40 Mbit/s per transponder) to a very large number of customers. By using the same technology as for digital television and radio, large economies of scale are foreseen, thus making these digital platforms very affordable on both the unlink side and the receiver side (e.g. less than $300 for the DVB-PC card kit).