Virtual science learning application and student performance in anatomy and physiology

Gamification refers to the use of game-like components in classrooms to attain students’ attention and provide an engaging learning environment. Previous studies have shown that there are apparent reports on the ineffectiveness of taught literature lessons, calling for the need to have more engaging and student-centered methods such as gamification to improve student engagement and learning outcomes in schools. This review is based on the need to investigate gamification as a teaching approach to teach literature in education (LiE) in a more effective and engaging manner, in order to inform educators and policymakers on best practices for enhancing the teaching of LiE. This paper aims to study the impact of gamification on student engagement and learning outcomes, particularly in the context of Literature in Education It analyzes 36 past studies which investigated the integration of gamification in LiE, specifically focusing on its impact on learning outcomes and student engagement where four phases were administered: identification, screening, eligibility and inclusion. The papers were carefully reviewed to ensure they contributed to a comprehensive and deeper understanding of the impact of gamification on student engagement and learning outcomes in LiE. The review of past studies contributed to a greater understanding of the impact of gamification and was needed to assess the effectiveness of using gamification in LiE. In addition, previous studies and data pertaining to challenges of LiE, students’ and teachers’ perceptions towards gamification as a teaching approach in LiE were included. The findings suggests gamification to be a promising and creative tactic to boost student engagement, involvement and improve learning outcomes.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on every line of human life, including education. This study aims to analyze the application of online learning based on Electronic Scientific Discussion Group (ESDG) in the Biology Tadris Study Program, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, State Islamic University of North Sumatra. This study uses quantitative and qualitative research designs with research procedures including: collecting data, uniting data, reducing data with analytical techniques, and concluding the data findings. The research instrument used was in the form of observation sheets and interviews. The data were collected by interview and observation techniques, then the data were analyzed using inferential statistical techniques and the Miles and Huberman approach. The results of the study indicate that the application of ESDG is carried out in three learning series that are integrated in virtual learning. By applying ESDG student learning outcomes have increased with the highest increase in learning outcomes in the four observation classes of: 86.9%, 84.8%, 87.4%, and 88.2%. The results of the study can be concluded that the application of ESDG has a significant effect on improving learning outcomes in online learning.

This study is motivated by the limited research on the application of interactive technology-based learning media in the subject of Pancasila Education at the elementary school level, despite the fact that this phenomenon significantly impacts students' interest and learning outcomes. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of using Lumi Education games to improve students' learning outcomes on the material of religious diversity symbols in Indonesia. The method used is Classroom Action Research (CAR) with a descriptive quantitative design through a two-cycle approach. The subjects of the study consisted of 19 students from Class IIC at SD Negeri 060913 Medan, selected purposively. Data were collected through observation and learning outcome tests, and then analyzed using descriptive percentage statistics. The results indicate a significant increase in student and teacher activity as well as student learning outcomes from Cycle I to Cycle II, with the average score rising from 70.71 to 83.57 and the completeness of learning reaching 85.71%. These findings align with the objectives of the study and reinforce constructivist learning theory and technology-based learning theory, which emphasize the importance of active student engagement. The main conclusion of this study is that Lumi Education media is effective in improving learning outcomes and student engagement in Pancasila Education. The implications of this research include theoretical aspects in the form of literature enrichment on interactive media in character education, as well as practical aspects in the form of recommendations for teachers and elementary schools to integrate engaging and interactive digital media to create more meaningful learning experiences. This research also opens opportunities for further studies on the optimization of the Lumi Education platform in different educational materials and levels.

The rapid shift to virtual learning during the COVID-19 pandemic brought significant changes to the education system, especially in geographically challenging regions like the remote hilly areas of Uttarakhand, India. This study explores how these shifts affected high school students' academic performance and engagement in virtual classrooms, given the unique challenges posed by limited infrastructure and connectivity. This study investigates the impact of virtual learning on student performance and engagement in the remote hilly areas of Uttarakhand, India. With the sudden shift to virtual education during the COVID-19 pandemic, schools in these regions faced unique challenges due to their geographic isolation, lack of internet access, and frequent power outages. The study aims to assess how these conditions have influenced the effectiveness of virtual learning and its impact on students' academic outcomes and engagement levels. A total of 51 high school students from 05 government schools in remote areas of Uttarakhand participated in this research. Data was collected through structured questionnaires, focusing on students’ experiences with virtual learning, their academic performance before and after the shift, and their engagement with online classes. The study used both quantitative and qualitative methods, including descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and MANOVA, to analyze the data. Findings indicate that while virtual learning provided an essential educational lifeline during the pandemic, students in remote areas encountered significant barriers that hindered their learning experiences. Limited internet access and frequent electricity cuts were among the primary obstacles reported. Despite these challenges, a majority of students found virtual classrooms useful for maintaining continuity in their education. The study also reveals that virtual learning positively influenced student engagement, particularly in subjects that incorporated interactive content. However, the overall academic performance showed mixed results, with some students struggling due to the absence of traditional classroom interaction and practical learning opportunities. This research highlights the need for improved infrastructure and policy interventions to support virtual education in remote regions. It concludes that while virtual learning has potential, addressing technological and logistical barriers is crucial for ensuring equitable and effective learning experiences for all students in such areas.

The implementation of education cannot be hindered by anyone and under any circumstances. Currently, many countries in the world experience obstacles and difficulties in implementing the education process. This is because the world or countries are experiencing the Covid-19 pandemic. So that it threatens various processes of implementing state programs, including the process of implementing education, the most effective thing at this time has been to try to implement the learning process using distance or online methods. Virtual learning mode is a popular method implemented today. Because with this method, students can stay at home, but still actively participate in the learning process. This study aims to determine. Does the adoption of virtual learning have any effect on the academic performance of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) students in Langsa town? This study is a quantitative study on the whole population including all students of 3 MIs of Langsa city, specifically Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 Langsa City, MI Negeri 2 Langsa City and Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Terpadu Langsa class V who are actively study during the school year of an even semester 2020/2021 Sampling was carried out using the corresponding stratified random sampling technique. Based on the research results, it was found that there was an influence of virtual learning on the academic performance of MI students in Langsa City during the Covid-19 period. This can be seen from the R Square value of 0.059, meaning the influence of the independent variable (virtual learning) on ​​the dependent variable (learning outcomes) is 5.9%.The remaining 94.1% were influenced by other factors not included in this study.The obtained significance value is 0.061 > 0.05, so it can be concluded that the virtual learning variable (X variable) does not have a significant effect on learning outcomes (Y variable).This means that virtual learning had a positive but insignificant impact on the academic performance of MI students in Langsa City during the Covid-19 period.

Background: Comparing the effectiveness of virtual and traditional learning methods is crucial for understanding their impact on knowledge transmission in different subjects. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to explore dental students' perceptions and satisfaction levels with their experiences in virtual learning compared to traditional classroom learning. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was administered to all dental students in the College of Dentistry across preclinical (3rd and 4th year) and clinical (5th and 6th year) levels using Google Forms. The questionnaire included items from the validated student survey component of the Blended Learning Toolkit, the Quality Matters Higher Education Rubric, and the Web Learning Project Student Survey. Results: With a 93% response rate from 313 students, the survey results indicated a strong preference (87%) for traditional learning among 3rd-year preclinical students who favored it over virtual learning, contrasting with 54% of 6th-year clinical year students. Most of the students acknowledged that traditional learning facilitates the use of various instructional methods while virtual learning hinders interactions among each other (p = 0.068). However, virtual lectures were perceived as more organized (70% to 89%, p = 0.014). Gender differences were minimal in preference for virtual learning, but male students significantly preferred traditional methods (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The results indicate a preference for traditional over virtual learning, especially among males and preclinical dental students, emphasizing the need for an integrated approach that combines the structured benefits of virtual learning with the interactive advantages of traditional classrooms.

In artwork appreciation activities, visiting physical exhibitions in art museums is often limited by time, distance and cost. Thus, conventional teaching is mostly conducted through textbooks, presentation slides or videos. However, by presenting artwork appreciation through a lecture, it is difficult for students to feel the beauty of artworks, and they can hardly develop accurate appreciation knowledge and critical thinking. To tackle this problem, this study proposed an experiential learning‐based spherical video‐based virtual reality (EL‐SVVR) learning approach based on the experiential learning theory to guide students to browse world‐famous artworks and experience the features of artwork creation. This study developed an EL‐SVVR learning system and adopted a quasi‐experimental design to determine whether the EL‐SVVR learning approach improved students' performance in artwork appreciation in comparison with the conventional teaching approach. A total of 45 university students from two classes who participated in an elective art course were recruited in the study. One class was assigned to be the experimental group and adopted the EL‐SVVR learning approach, while the other class was assigned to be the control group and adopted the conventional technology‐supported learning (CTL) approach. The results showed that in comparison with the CTL approach, the EL‐SVVR learning approach enhanced students' learning achievement, learning motivation, self‐efficacy, critical thinking and performance in digital painting creation during artwork appreciation. Practitioner notes What is already known about this topic Spherical video‐based virtual reality (SVVR) situates students in a simulated environment that enables them to have deep experience regarding the learning contexts. SVVR has great potential in promoting students' learning performance by providing them situational contexts. What this paper adds An SVVR‐based experiential learning approach is proposed to facilitate students' artwork creation. In addition to promoting students' learning outcomes, the EL‐SVVR learning approach could better facilitate students' learning achievement, learning motivation, critical thinking, self‐efficacy, and performance in painting creation. Implications for practice and/or policy SVVR is a potential technology for implementing experiential learning activities; in particular, in improving students' creative thinking for artwork creation. It is potentially worth trying to apply the SVVR technology to other courses related to artwork creation to promote learners' learning performances and perceptions. It is worth promoting the SVVR approach in school settings since it is a low‐tech and low‐cost solution with potentially positive impacts on students' learning outcomes.

This study aimed to enhance the learning outcomes of fifth-grade students in Science by implementing the Think Pair Share (TPS) model with a foundation in Mindmapping. The research was conducted at a particular elementary school and involved two cycles of instructional intervention. The study's objectives included assessing the impact of the TPS model on student learning outcomes, evaluating teacher and student engagement, and refining the instructional approach for improvement. The research employed mixed methods and quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques. Data was gathered through test scores, observation of teacher and student activities, and reflective discussions. The study found that students needed to improve their learning outcomes before implementing the TPS model due to less interactive teaching methods. However, following the introduction of the TPS model coupled with Mindmapping, there was a significant improvement in learning outcomes. The first cycle recorded an average score of 65, with 46.25% achieving the mastery standard. In contrast, the second cycle saw remarkable enhancement, with an average score of 84.42 and 88.46% of students meeting the mastery standard. Observations also indicated substantial improvements in both teacher and student engagement. The teacher's ability to foster motivation, clarify learning objectives, and deliver effective teaching improved significantly. Similarly, students displayed more active participation in learning, paying closer attention, engaging in discussions, and demonstrating better comprehension. In conclusion, implementing the TPS model integrated with Mindmapping techniques led to notable enhancements in student learning outcomes and engagement in Science education. This approach facilitated collaborative learning, boosted critical thinking, and improved classroom experience. The study underscores the efficacy of interactive teaching methodologies in elevating student achievements and offers insights for educational practitioners seeking innovative strategies to foster effective learning environments.

The shift of conventional learning media to more modern learning media is a must for the world of education to be able to adapt to the development of science and technology. This study was conducted to analyse the effectiveness of the use of game-based learning on motivation and student learning outcomes on the subject of camera movement techniques. Data collection uses tests to measure learning outcomes and checks to measure learning motivation. The data analysis technique uses normalized gain (N-Gain). The application of the game-based learning model also improves learning outcomes. The average value of the pre-test was 76.41 and increased at the post test of 90.28. Based on the KKM score, 37 people or 94.9% have completed learning. This shows that there is an increase in learning outcomes seen from the average value. The average value of normalized gain (N-Gain) is 0.60, so the game-based learning quizzes method is quite effective in improving learning outcomes. Teachers should reduce the lecture method by increasing the active play method.

This research aims to 1) determine the feasibility of the product developed from the web-based 360 Degree Virtual Tour, 2) measure the enhancement in student interest, and 3) measure the enhancement in learning outcomes, focusing on disaster education. A research and development (R&D) approach was used with the Successive Approximation Model (SAM) in three iterative stages: evaluation, design, and development. The study involved 36 students from class XI IPS at MA Ahmad Yani Jabung, Indonesia. The feasibility of the product was assessed by a geography material expert, a media expert, students, and a teacher using questionnaires. The questionnaire instrument was used for learning interest, and the test instrument was used for learning outcomes. Data analysis used descriptive statistics to assess product quality, and a paired sample t-test was used to evaluate the effectiveness of a 360-degree web-based virtual tour on interest and learning outcomes. The results showed that 1) web-based 360-degree virtual tour development products have a high feasibility value based on the test results from geography material experts, media experts, teachers, and students. 2) Students' interest was enhanced after using the web-based 360-degree virtual tour. This media can present material interestingly through interactive features that actively involve students in the learning process. 3) Students' learning outcomes were enhanced after participating in learning by using a web-based 360-degree virtual tour. This media utilizes visual and interactive elements that can facilitate a deeper understanding of concepts so that student learning outcomes can improve. Future research is recommended to explore students' learning styles to enhance 360-degree virtual tour-based learning, expand the topic to include climate change and resource management, integrate AR/VR for interactivity, and develop the research for schools in Malang City and Batu City.

The integration of digital learning tools in higher education has transformed online learning, enhancing student engagement and academic performance. This study investigates the impact of digital learning tools such as Learning Management Systems (LMS), interactive simulations, and gamified content on student engagement and achievement in online courses. A qualitative research design was employed, involving semi-structured interviews with 52 lecturers from 12 universities in Uganda. Thematic analysis revealed six key findings: Digital tools enhance student engagement through interactivity, they help bridge the gap between theory and practice, they positively impact academic achievement, they facilitate communication between students and lecturers, Gamification increases student motivation, and they promote student autonomy in learning. The study concludes that digital tools significantly improve online education, but challenges such as limited internet access and digital literacy remain. It recommends improving digital infrastructure, providing faculty training, and integrating interactive digital tools to enhance student engagement and learning outcomes.

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a domain-specific hybrid teaching model for the undergraduate Electric and Hybrid Vehicles course. The model integrates traditional lectures, flipped classroom strategies, and project-based learning to improve student engagement, learning outcomes, and practical application skills. It also examines the potential of AI-based predictive analytics in monitoring and enhancing student performance. The broader purpose is to align teaching methods with NBA and ABET accreditation standards and explore opportunities for scalable implementation in engineering education. Design/methodology/approach A quasi-experimental mixed-methods design was used. The experimental group (n = 30) was taught using the hybrid model comprising traditional lectures (20%), flipped classroom strategies (50%), and project-based learning (30%). The control group (n = 30) received conventional instruction. Pre- and post-test scores measured knowledge gain, while project outcomes assessed practical learning. Student engagement was predicted using an AI-driven decision tree classifier trained on Moodle activity data. Quantitative analysis was supported with qualitative feedback to assess satisfaction levels and perceived learning improvements. Findings The experimental group demonstrated a 41.67% improvement in post-test scores compared to a 20.69% gain for the control group, with large effect sizes indicating strong impact. The AI-driven classifier achieved 87% accuracy in predicting student engagement, enabling targeted interventions for at-risk learners. Student satisfaction levels were high at 88%, and project outcomes showed marked improvement in creativity, technical quality, and teamwork. These findings confirm the hybrid model's effectiveness in enhancing conceptual understanding, practical application, and learner engagement beyond what conventional teaching methods deliver. Research limitations/implications The study was conducted with a relatively small sample size (n = 60) from a single institution, which may limit generalizability. The focus was restricted to one specialized course, so further research is required to validate the model across multiple domains and disciplines. Long-term retention of knowledge and transferability to professional contexts were not measured. Future studies could expand the sample, apply advanced AI methods for predictive analytics, and investigate scalability in diverse institutional settings. These findings imply the potential for hybrid pedagogy and AI-based learning analytics in engineering education. Practical implications The hybrid model provides engineering educators with a structured, evidence-based teaching approach that enhances both theoretical knowledge and applied skills. The integration of AI-driven engagement monitoring enables proactive support for students, reducing dropout risks and improving academic outcomes. Institutions can adopt this framework to align with NBA and ABET accreditation requirements while improving student readiness for industry challenges. The approach is scalable, making it feasible for wider implementation across technical courses. Project-based components foster innovation, teamwork, and problem-solving skills, directly benefiting professional preparedness. Social implications By enhancing engineering education quality C, the hybrid model contributes To Producing More industry-ready graduates who are skilled in emerging areas like Electric and Hybrid Vehicles. The integration of AI for learning analytics demonstrates how technology can personalize education and support equity by identifying and assisting struggling learners early. Improved student satisfaction and engagement can foster a culture of lifelong learning. Broader adoption of such models can strengthen the technical workforce C contributing to sustainable mobility solutions and addressing global challenges in clean energy and transportation. Originality/value This study is among the first to design and test a domain-specific hybrid teaching model in Electric and Hybrid Vehicle education, combining flipped classroom, project-based learning, and lectures in a structured ratio. The integration of AI-driven predictive analytics adds a novel dimension by enabling personalized interventions based on student engagement data. The research provides empirical evidence of significant learning gains, improved project outcomes, and alignment with international accreditation standards. Its value lies in demonstrating a scalable, replicable, and innovative framework for modern engineering education.

This study aims to investigate the implementation of virtual learning on students’ learning outcomes mediated by motivation and to compare its effectiveness between urban and rural areas. This study employed quantitative design, involved 362 students of Faculty of Education in UNESA. To determine the sample, it employed Solvin’s formula. The data were collected by using three instruments, specifically Virtual Learning Effectiveness, Learning Outcomes, and Motivation. To see the difference of virtual learning on learning outcomes mediated by motivation based on student’s location, path analysis was performed twice by separating the data into two kinds of groups. The first group contains student’s data that lived in an urban area. The second group contains student’s data that lived in a rural area. The findings of this research confirm that the virtual learning is effective to improve students’ learning outcomes which was mediated by motivation. In addition, it was found that the motivation of students from urban areas is higher than those from rural areas. It suggests that the native location of students influences their motivation.

This study aimed to provide biology students with a motion kinematics experimental experience using virtual PhET simulations and explore the improvement of their physics learning outcomes. Pre-experimental (pretest-posttest experimental design) was conducted in this study, pretest-posttest was carried out before and after the learning treatment, while the learning treatment was motion kinematics experiment using virtual PhET simulation. The research sample was taken purposively, they were 24 students of the Biology Education Study Program, FKIP Mataram University who took Basic Physics courses. Student learning outcomes were measured using a test instrument. Learning outcomes data were analyzed descriptively with the average score of achievement or performance of students' cognitive learning outcomes on pretest and posttest, as well as n-gain analysis. In addition, statistical analysis (Wilcoxon test) was used to determine the difference in the average score of student learning outcomes between pre-posttest (p < 0.05). The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the average score of student learning outcomes increased from pretest to posttest with successive criteria from "less" to "good," an increase in student learning outcomes with high criteria with an n-gain score of 0.71. The results of the statistical test showed that there was a significant difference in the average score of student learning outcomes before and after the motion kinematics experiment using PhET virtual simulation. The results in this study provide a learning experience related to ways of conducting physics concepts that are more meaningful in the learning process that can be widely used in routine physics teaching in the classroom.

The shift towards online learning has highlighted the need for innovative approaches to maintain student engagement. Traditional video lectures often fail to captivate students, decreasing attention and learning outcomes. Interactive videos incorporating quizzes, clickable hotspots, and branching scenarios have emerged as a potential solution to this challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of interactive videos in increasing student engagement in online learning environments compared to traditional video lectures. Additionally, it sought to identify the most impactful interactive elements and their correlation with learning outcomes. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving 200 undergraduate students from diverse disciplines. Participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group using interactive videos or a control group using traditional video lectures for a 6-week online course. Data collection methods included pre-and post-tests, engagement metrics (time spent, interaction frequency), and qualitative feedback through surveys and focus group discussions. Results demonstrated a significant increase in student engagement for the interactive video group, with 45% higher interaction rates and 30% longer viewing times than the control group. Quiz-based interactions and branching scenarios were found to be the most effective elements. Moreover, the experimental group showed a 25% improvement in learning outcomes as measured by post-test scores. In conclusion, this study provides strong evidence for the efficacy of interactive videos in enhancing student engagement and learning outcomes in online education. These findings suggest that incorporating interactive elements into video content can significantly improve the online learning experience, offering educators a valuable tool to address engagement challenges in digital learning environments.