What is Computational Economics

The rapid development of Big Data as result of increasing interactivity with online systems between humans (e.g., online shopping, marketplace) and machine (internet of things, mobile phone, etc.) has led to a measurement revolution. This massive data if being mined and analyzed correctly can provide valuable alternative data sources for official statistics, especially price statistics. Several studies for using diverse Big Data as new sources of price statistics in Indonesia have been initiated. This article would provide a comprehensive review of experiences in exploiting various Big Data sources for price statistics, followed by the current development and the near future plans. The development of system and IT infrastructure is also discussed. Based on this experience, limitations, challenges, and advances for each approach would be presented.

In the article, the author starts from the different approaches between heritage studies on the one hand and disciplinary heritage approaches on the other hand to consider current and future developments in the field of intangible cultural heritage. In the play between critical studies and broader studies, there are risks of regression as well as opportunities for progress. To underpin his analysis, he refers to his experience of development processes in the field of cultural heritage and to some recent research in France on the institutional functioning of UNESCO in the field of intangible cultural heritage. He then focuses on the notions of “retrotopia” (Bauman, 2017) and “prospective” (Godet, 2004), which seem to him to be suitable for triggering a fundamental anthropological reflection on the future of cultural heritage research. At the end, he draws some conclusions about the possibilities of progress – or, conversely, regression – in intangible cultural heritage.

Le groupe FRANCOGYN : bilan et avenir

A smart fluid comprises a suspension of micrometre-sized particles in a dielectric carrier liquid. The application of a suitable stimulus – either electrical or magnetic – causes a significant increase in the resistance to flow of the fluid. Current and future developments in smart fluids are reviewed, paying particular attention to electro-rheological (ER) and magneto-rheological (MR) fluids. ER fluids have been the focus of intense academic interest over several decades. However, not until the re-discovery of MR fluids did commercial exploitation finally occur. Both microscopic and macroscopic models of smart fluids will be described. The link with industrial applications is established by introducing the three modes of operation through which smart fluids are harnessed. Insight into the behaviour of smart fluids is obtained through the development of relatively simple quasi-steady and dynamic models. A concise summary of the latest industrial applications is provided. Future trends are then considered under the headings of smart fluid technology, modelling of smart fluids and, finally, engineering devices.

The objective of this paper is to demonstrate necessity to inform relevant parties about engineering‐geological conditions for various practical purposes, especially including appropriate land‐use planning. However, the relationship between relevant geological information and the geological environment is vital for foundation engineering purposes, especially where demanding structures are involved. This information is most conveniently structured when accumulated information concerning engineering‐geological zones is utilized. This necessarily includes knowledge of rock workability and also of the pre‐Quaternary bedrock, and these characteristics were then related to the current built‐up area and future development according to the land‐use plans in a case study are from the Petrvald Region (Czech Republic). The geological environment of area has been severely influenced by anthropogenic effects of deep black coal mining. Results of this research showed that future development should be founded on spoil banks, dumps, and settling basins. According to the land‐use plan, this zone occupies 44.9% of the area of interest, and its materials predominantly emanate from mining in the Ostrava–Karvina Coal District. For future foundation structures planned there, it is imperative to consult detailed engineering‐geological study. However, attention to and reliance on this necessity is not reflected in the existing land‐use plan.

Quaternary palaeoecology and vegetation science— current contributions and possible future developments

Asia-Pacific Interdisciplinary Translation Studies, taken the promotion of multicultural exchanges in the Asia-Pacific region as its duty, has published 11volumes in total from 2015 to 2022. This paper, based on the data of 11 volumes, analyzed the six fronts of this journal, including article quantity and particle pages, downloads and citations, author’s title and organization, article quantity of funded projects, columns and selected topic trends as well as keyword cloud. This article aims to have a good understanding of its current development, column planning and article topic selection according to its publishing principle and self-orientation, in order to make its evolution and trends clear provide reference data to potential authors and bring about inspiration to its future development.

SummaryThe present state of knowledge about embryo transfer and the techniques used in recovering, manipulating and sexing embryos are discussed. Speculation is made about possible future developments, including gene injection and application of recombinant DNA technology. It is concluded that such studies will open up new developments in animal breeding. The end result, however, will still depend on an embryo being transferred to a recipient to carry the pregnancy to term.

A set of dynamic evaluation systems based on data envelopment analysis (DEA), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation II has been constructed to determine the financial performance of Chinese nuclear power-related enterprises; the evaluation indicators reflect not only current development but also future development. (1) A comparison of the competitiveness of nine companies is conducted showing that Everbright Jiabao Co. Ltd. has the strongest competitiveness, the relative competitiveness of Dongfang Electric Corporation has declined year by year, and the competitiveness of Atlantic has increased year by year. (2) According to the analysis of the overall sustainable development capability indicated by financial performance, the financial performance of DUNAN Environment and Everbright Jiabao Co. Ltd. is relatively better than that of the other companies, and that of Atlantic is the worst. (3) According to the analysis of the sustainable development capability indicated by investment efficiency and development performance, during the 10-year development period, the investment efficiency and development performance of Dongfang Electric Corporation, DUNAN Environment, Wintime Energy Co. Ltd. and Everbright Jiabao Co. Ltd. increased, while those of Shanghai Electric and Hubei Energy Group Co. Ltd. declined. In the 10-year period, the other three companies, Boasteel Group, Atlantic, and HBIS Group Co. Ltd., developed unevenly. In addition, the investment efficiency and development performance of the nine companies are unbalanced in the two short-term development stages from 2007 to 2011 and from 2011 to 2016.

This paper reports on current developments in the area of model-based video coding, a technique which shows promise of achieving very large bit-rate reductions for moving images. After an introduction and historical review, advances are summarized in several areas, among them improved 3D tracking of the human head and of facial expressions, the use of muscle-driven model animation with skin synthesis, techniques for luminance compensation, and switched coders. Bit rates ranging from 64 kb/s down to about 1 kb/s have been obtained using head-and-shoulder video sequences. Problems with model-based methods are identified and future developments in both CBR and VBR transmission discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Positron emission tomography (PET) has now gained a place in the management of patients with cancer, including those with Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Restaging studies and those addressing the monitoring of response to treatment are especially in focus. Most of the knowledge gained has been achieved with dedicated BGO-based PET technology, but there are a number of developments that will impact on the use of this metabolic imaging technique in the investigation of patients with lymphoma. The challenges ahead are determined by the need for high-quality whole-body imaging associated with increased patient throughput and the need to investigate the role of new labelled ligands. The latter are likely to yield new insights into tumour cell characterisation, tumour behaviour and tumour outcome assessment. The study of new radiolabelled ligands will impose further demands for rapid dynamic data acquisition and accurate tracer quantification. Current and future developments in PET technology range from the use of new detector materials to different detector geometries and data acquisition modes. The search for alternatives to BGO scintillation materials for PET has led to the development of PET instruments utilising new crystals such as LSO and GSO. The use of these new detectors and the increased sensitivity achieved with 3D data acquisitions represent the most significant current developments in the field. With the increasing demands imposed on the clinical utilisation of PET, issues such as study cost and patient throughput will emerge as significant future factors. As a consequence, low-cost units are being offered by the manufacturers through the utilisation of gamma camera-based SPET systems for PET coincidence imaging. Unfortunately, clinical studies in lymphoma and other cancers have already demonstrated the limitations of this technology, with 20% of lesions <15 mm in size escaping detection. On the other hand, the recent development of combined PET/CT devices attempts to address the lack of anatomical information inherent with PET images, taking advantage of further improvement in patient throughput and hence cost-effectiveness. Preliminary studies using this multimodality imaging approach have already demonstrated the potential of the technique. Although the potential exists, certain technical issues with PET/CT require refinement of the methodology. Such issues include organ movement (such as respiratory motion), which strongly influences the image fusion of a rapidly acquired CT scan with the slower acquisition of a PET dataset, and the derivation of CT-based attenuation coefficients in the presence of contrast agents or metallic implants. The application of the technology for radiotherapy planning also poses a number of associated challenges. Finally, the development of dedicated PET systems based on planar detector arrangements with new detector components has the potential to improve clinical throughput by over 100%, but clinical trials using such systems have still to be carried out in order to establish the associated whole-body image quality.

On 7 November 1996, the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (OECD/NEA) initiated a series of international nuclear emergency exercises (INEX-2) involving specific Member country nuclear facilities. The first of these exercises is to be conducted in conjunction with a regional exercise (FORTUNA) in Switzerland and south-western Germany. The sponsorship of such exercises by the OECD/NEA started in 1993 with INEX-1.

Thin film nanocomposite (Tfnc) membranes: Future direction of Tfnc synthesis for alcohol dehydration

A Place Beside Satoshi – Scientific Foundations of Blockchain and Cryptocurrency in Business and Economics

Metal 3D AM (Additive Manufacturing) has been becoming a more common production method for larger variety of parts. In this review the current situation and future development trends of the 3D metal AM are presented, concentrating on the SLM (Selective Laser Melting) technology. A holistic approach to the AM as a digital manufacturing method is presented and different manufacturing aspects of the AM production are identified. The most promising aspects for the future development are the automatization of the AM design tasks and automatization of the production. With the development of these aspects the production and cost efficiency of the metal AM can be increased to a more competitive level compared with other manufacturing methods.