Why Mothers Attend Playgroup

Background: Changes in a person's life from adolescence to adulthood are accompanied by experiences in college life. Self-esteem, positive and negative life experiences, and student life satisfaction can be interesting topics to study in more depth. Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the correlation between self-esteem, positive experiences, negative experiences, and life satisfaction in university students. Method: The study used The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The data analysis used Spearman's correlation technique. Results: (1) There is a positive correlation between self-esteem and life satisfaction, (2) there is a positive correlation between positive experiences and life satisfaction, and (3) there is a negative correlation between negative experiences and life satisfaction. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it can be indicated that there is a correlation between self-esteem, positive experiences, negative experiences, and life satisfaction of university students.

Understanding the human mind has always been a very complex process and so does emotional impact on individual. Positive and negative interpretations of events create deep impacts on memory due to which a person remembers such events and may feel happy or sad. The experiences are created due to four aspects i.e. sensory interpretations, motor responses, proprioceptive response, and emotional arousal. However, individual remembers the negative events better as compared to positive events and responds more to the negative emotions as compared to positive emotions. This research paper explores the human brain and its neural response with reference to positive and negative experiences of an individual through the unique technique Neuro Signature System i.e. Brain Electrical Oscillations Signature profiling (BEOS) developed by Prof. C.R Mukundan. This technique tries to investigate the some of the major cognitive neural networks and various aspects of participation of a person in a particular event. The paper focuses on the impact of negative and positive experiences of an individual and its remembrance. For this study, total 20 participants were selected of age group between 20-25 years. Their remembrance of positive and negative events was tested by using the BEOS system. The results of the study concluded that though the negative experiences were remembered in greater elaboration, both types of experiences were equally remembered. The participants elicited Experiential Knowledge (EK) scores while remembering both their positive and negative life events, although it was difficult to give elaborated version of positive experiences but the number of EKs produced for event remembered was almost equal when positive and negative experiences were share by the participants.

The authors explored a multidimensional view of drinking, whereby social and solitary drinking represent distinct behaviors associated with positive and negative experiences, respectively. Using daily diary methodology and multilevel analytic strategy, the authors examined, over 30 days, the within-person association of negative and positive experiences and alcohol consumption in different contexts and focused on interpersonal experiences. On days with more negative interpersonal experiences, participants engaged in more solitary drinking (i.e., drinking at home and alone), whereas on days with more positive interpersonal experiences they drank more in social contexts. The authors also demonstrated that individuals high on neuroticism drank more in solitary contexts on days with more negative interpersonal experiences, relative to those with lower neuroticism. These findings lend support to models linking daily drinking motivation and context-dependent drinking behavior.

BackgroundTo date the healthcare experiences of gender diverse Australians have received little attention. Previous international research indicates a range of both negative and positive healthcare experiences amongst this diverse population, with negative experiences being those most frequently reported.MethodAn online survey was designed to examine the healthcare experiences of gender diverse Australians. The survey included Likert scales asking participants to rate their mental and physical health, and their experiences with psychiatrists, general practitioners and surgeons (in terms of perceived comfort, discrimination and information provision). Open-ended questions provided the opportunity for participants to further elaborate on their experiences. Data were collected between June 2012 and July 2013. Quantitative data analysis was conducted utilising SPSS 17.0, including ANCOVAs and correlations to examine the relationships between variables. Qualitative data were coded by the authors in terms of negative or positive responses and the validity of ratings were assessed utilising Cohen's kappa.Results110 people assigned male at birth (MAAB) and 78 people assigned female at birth (FAAB) completed two separate surveys. All identified as gender diverse as defined in this paper. 70% of participants had accessed a psychiatrist. Participants MAAB rated their experiences with psychiatrists more highly than participants FAAB. 80% of participants had accessed a general practitioner. Comfort with, and respect from, general practitioners were both positively correlated with mental health, whilst discrimination was negatively correlated with mental health. 42.5% of participants had undertaken sex-affirming surgery. Those who had such surgery reported higher levels of physical and mental health than those who had not undertaken surgery. Participants MAAB reported more positive experiences of surgery than did participants FAAB.ConclusionsFindings highlight the need for increased education of medical practitioners in regards to engaging with gender diverse clients.

The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are regarded as the key policy agenda for national, regional, and local government to combat climate change impacts and promote sustainable development. For example, in Perth and Peel metropolitan area, the capital city of Western Australia, there has been a shift of policy setting from that of a sprawling city to a denser city, while maintaining and promoting its ecosystem services and achieving sustainable city goals. Residential verge gardens have been widely adopted in recent years by communities and local governments in the Perth metropolitan area. This study reviews the motivations and drivers for the uptake of verge gardens in metropolitan suburbs and identifies potential policy responses. The City of Bayswater local government area was surveyed for this research. The study considers a mixed-methods approach, including site auditing and a questionnaire survey for local residents who have transformed their verges. A total of 534 verge gardens were audited on residential lots, and 166 valid questionnaire responses were received from residents. The site-audit of the verge gardens in Bayswater found that native vegetation is the dominant verge garden of choice, followed by the ornamental garden, with food production (plants/vegetables) seeming to be the least popular option. Regarding the motivations and drivers, the study has found that social (e.g., aesthetics, flowers, social interactions, and social mimicry), environmental (e.g., attracting wildlife and birds and environmental practice waterwise garden), and personal (easy maintenance) drivers are the primary motivators for residents to adopt verge gardens. Whilst the on-ground surveys were prior to COVID-19, the article includes how this topic could relate to pandemic-resilient urban spaces. As local governments look towards supporting the sustainable outcome goals, the observations of this study will be helpful for developing local government policy and community programs in the promotion and uptake of verge gardens in Australian cities.

Based on Marcia's theory, many researchers consider exploration and commitment as the main processes in identity development. Although some identity theorists have hypothesized that emotional experience may also be an important part of the mechanisms of identity development, empirical research to investigate this claim has been lagging behind. In this study, we shed light on the role of emotional experiences in micro-level commitment dynamics, and compare this to the role of exploration. We take a within-individual approach, and particularly focus on educational commitment. We collected weekly measurements among 103 first year university students over several months, resulting in 22 to 30 measurements for each individual. Every week, the students reported an important experience and accompanying positive and negative emotions, their level of educational exploration and commitment. We generated linear growth models for each individual separately, using Dynamic Linear Modeling. These individual models generate regression weights that indicate how strong the impact is of exploration, positive and negative emotional experiences on changes in micro-level commitment for each individual. Our main finding is that both positive and negative emotional experiences are indeed related to changes in educational commitment. Positive experiences, but surprisingly, also negative experiences, are related to increases in educational commitment for the majority of individuals. Moreover, for the large majority of individuals, the impact of emotional experiences is larger than the impact of exploration. Therefore, we conclude that it is highly likely that emotional experiences are an essential part of the micro-level mechanisms of identity development. (PsycINFO Database Record

Associations between positive and negative social media experiences and sleep disturbance among young adults

Limited information is available on the experiences of patients during rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The current study aimed to identify factors that differentiated positive and negative patient experiences during rehabilitation after ACLR. A survey-based study with an online platform was used to identify factors that differentiated positive and negative patient experiences during rehabilitation after ACLR. Seventy-two patients (age 27.8 [8.8]y) after ACLR participated. Data were analyzed and themes were identified by comparing categories and subcategories on similarity. Positive patient experiences were room for own input, supervision, attention, knowledge, honesty, and professionalism of the physiotherapist. Additionally, a varied and structured rehabilitation program, adequate facilities, and contact with other patients were identified as positive patient experiences. Negative experiences were a lack of attention, lack of professionalism of the physiotherapists, a lack of sport-specific field training, a lack of goal setting, a lack of adequate facilities, and health insurance costs. The current study identified factors that differentiated positive and negative patient experiences during rehabilitation after ACLR. These findings can help physiotherapists in understanding the patient experiences during rehabilitation after ACLR.

THE AGE AND BY WHOM A DONOR-CONCEIVED PERSON RECEIVES INFORMATION SIGNIFICANTLY EFFECTS THEIR EXPERIENCE

Research and practice show that within the healthcare system (HCS) in Serbia, women?s passivity during childbirth is normalised. Both HCS staff and female patients hold this representation of women as inherently passive. The paper aims to present research findings on passivity normalisation during childbirth. This study aimed to investigate the factors related to HCS experiences contributing to this passivity normalisation. Participants (N=363, 252 with childbirth experience) completed scales measuring trust in medical staff, distrust in the HCS, reliance on the HCS, frequency of positive and negative experiences with the HCS, and normalisation of passivity during childbirth. The examined factors accounted for 25% of the variance in normalising passivity during childbirth. Specifically, participants who were more reliant on the HCS, had given birth and reported more positive or fewer negative experiences, were more likely to normalise passivity. Paradoxically, a positive relationship with the HCS led to adopting the passivity norm, while negative experiences were a protective factor. The HCS appears to teach women passivity, as positive experiences within the system reinforce the perception of passivity as appropriate.

A growing body of evidence indicates that temperate marine ecosystems are being tropicalised due to the poleward extension of tropical species. Such climate mediated changes in species distribution patterns have the potential to profoundly alter temperate communities, as this advance can serve to push temperate taxa, many of which are southern Australian endemics, southward. These changes can lead to cascading effects for the biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems, including contraction of ranges/habitats of sensitive cool water species. Hence there is growing concern for the future of Australia’s temperate marine biodiversity. Here we examine the diversity and abundance of marine flora and fauna at two reefs near Perth’s metropolitan area—Minden Reef and Roe Reef. We report the presence of 427 species of marine flora and fauna from eight taxon groups occurring in the Perth metropolitan area; at least three species of which appear to be new to science. Our data also extends the known range of 15 species, and in numerous instances, thousands of kilometres south from the Kimberley or Pilbara and verifies that tropicalisation of reef communities in the Perth metropolitan area is occurring. We report the presence of 24 species endemic to south-west Australia that may be at risk of range contractions with continued ocean warming. The results of these surveys add to our knowledge of local nearshore marine environments in the Perth metropolitan area and support the growing body of evidence that indicates a diverse and regionally significant marine fauna occurs in temperate Western Australia. Regular, repeated survey work across seasons is important in order to thoroughly document the status of marine biodiversity in this significant transition zone.

BackgroundCaring for nursing home residents with dementia can be challenging. Staff who work in nursing homes tend to have high staff turnover. In order to help with staff retention, there needs to be an understanding of the job role. There is limited research examining staff experiences providing nursing home dementia care. Prior research has largely focused on the negative experiences of staff, such as difficulty managing residents’ behaviors, staff burnout, and staff stress, instead of positive experiences. It is important to understand the collective staff experience (i.e., both positive and negative experiences) in delivering dementia care, which can inform the development of job descriptions and hiring of nursing home staff who are a good fit.MethodsThis qualitative study was embedded within a pragmatic clinical trial. Participants were interviewed to gather staff perspectives on two approaches to dementia care training (team‐ and problem‐based). Interviews were conducted with 327 staff members representing a range of job roles. A rapid qualitative analysis approach was used to analyze the interviews. During the analysis, staff experiences in providing dementia care were consistently described. A thematic analysis approach was used to further analyze the data describing positive and negative experiences providing dementia care.ResultsStaff described experiencing both positives and negatives caring for residents with dementia. Positive experiences included three themes: the inter‐personal relationship with residents (e.g., learning about residents’ likes, dislikes, history), the emotional experiences from providing care (e.g., having a sense of purpose), and the cognitive demands of the job (e.g., using different strategies to distract residents). Challenges included two themes: the physical and cognitive demands of the job (e.g., not being able to manage residents’ behaviors) and the emotional impact on staff (e.g., affecting staff mental health).ConclusionsNursing home staff report positive and negative experiences while providing care to people with dementia. In order to ensure appropriate staff are being hired, nursing home administrators and hiring personnel should highlight the positives and describe the potential negative experiences that staff may have in caring for residents with dementia.

BackgroundFamily caregivers of older adults with severe dementia have negative and positive experiences over the course of caregiving. We aimed to delineate joint trajectories (patterns over time) for negative and positive experiences, identify risk factors associated with membership of joint trajectories, and ascertain the association between joint trajectories and caregivers’ outcomes after the death of the older adult.MethodsTwo hundred fifteen family caregivers of older adults with severe dementia in Singapore were surveyed every 4 months for 2 years, and 6 months after the death of the older adult. Using group-based multi trajectory modelling, we delineated joint trajectories for positive (Gain in Alzheimer Care Instrument) and negative (sub-scales of modified Caregiver Reaction Assessment) experiences of caregiving.ResultsWe identified four joint trajectories – “very high positive, low negative” (23% of caregivers), “high positive, moderate negative” (28%), “very high positive, moderate negative” (28%), and “high positive, high negative” (21%). Caregivers of older adults with more behavioural symptoms, and who did not receive strong emotional support from family were more likely to have “high positive, moderate negative” or “very high positive, moderate negative” trajectory. Compared to caregivers with “very high positive, low negative” trajectory, caregivers with “very high positive, moderate negative” or “high positive, high negative” trajectories expressed greater grief and distress, with the latter also having lower spiritual well-being and quality of life at 6 months after the death of the older adult.ConclusionThe caregiving experiences for older adults with severe dementia vary between caregivers but remain stable over time. Modifiable risk factors identified for trajectories involving negative experiences of caregiving may be targeted in future interventions to improve the experience of caregiving and caregiver quality of life and distress after the death of the older adult.Trial registrationhttp://www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03382223).Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-024-04777-w.

The current study examined the associations of positive and negative experiences during the Great Recession (GR) with levels of daily well-being. In 2012, participants from the Midlife in the United States Refresher survey reported on their positive or negative GR experiences related to job, housing, or finances. A subsample, selected into the National Study of Daily Experiences (N=782), also reported on their daily levels of health and well-being across eight consecutive days and provided saliva samples, from which cortisol was assayed. The number of negative GR experiences reported related to poorer daily well-being (negative and positive affect, physical symptoms, stress severity, and cortisol daily peak-to-nadir ratio), whereas, the number of positive GR experiences was only related to lower severity of daily stressors (β=–0.03, p=.03). Examining specific GR experiences revealed that individuals who reported bad housing experience during the GR reported higher daily levels of negative affect (β=0.14, p<.001), physical symptoms (β=0.90, p<.001), and frequency of stressor days (β=0.01, p<.001), and lower daily levels of positive affect (β=–0.19, p=.02). Bad financial experience was related to more physical symptoms (β=0.62, p<.001) and greater severity of daily stressors (β=0.14, p=.03). Conversely, positive financial experiences were related to greater cortisol daily peak-to-nadir ratio (β=1.98, p=.03), but also greater frequency of stressor days (β=0.05, p=.01). Results highlight the potential influence of major economic strains on our ongoing daily experiences. This work has implications for policy and interventions around supporting midlife and older adults facing economic strains, in order to improve daily well-being.

This survey among 194 Dutch children ages 8 to 13 who had home access to the Internet was designed to explore (a) children's motives for using the Internet, (b) their positive experiences with the Internet, and (c) their negative experiences with the Internet. Results showed that the most important motive for using the Internet was affinity with computers, followed by information and entertainment. Online social interaction and off-line social interaction were the least important motives. Children's spontaneous descriptions of their positive experiences with the Internet most frequently included playing or downloading computer games (17%), watching video clips and songs (13%), visiting kids entertainment sites (12%), and seeking information about animals (7%). As a negative experience, children most frequently reported a virus or computer crash (10%), violence (4%), and pornography (4%). The authors found several significant age and / or gender differences in children's motives for using the Internet and in their experiences with the Internet.