Without Subsidy, Will Chinese Renewable Energy Power Generation Have a Bright Future?

To promote the implementation of the national strategy of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” (the dual carbon targets), China is constructing a new power grid with renewable energy as its main component. This power grid presents new challenges regarding the reliability, security, and stability of power supply and economic operations. At the same time, there are also a series of key issues in the collaborative and complementary electricity trading between renewable energy and coal-fired power generation companies, especially how to strengthen the optimal allocation of resources between provinces. This article firstly identifies the changes in the new power system under the dual carbon targets. Then, it analyzes the key issues of the collaborative and complementary trading mechanism between renewable energy and coal-fired power generation companies from two perspectives: inter provincial and intra provincial market collaboration and the diversified transaction demand of multiple market entities. Finally, suggestions are put forward for the construction of this electricity trading mechanism.

With the development of renewable resource, the power generated by several renewable resources need to supply the load Simultaneously. Multi-input DC/DC converter is proposed for this application. In order to stabilize the power generation of renewable energy, energy storage system is widely used. Generally, the storage system is the intermediate links, which supply the power to load under the condition of low input voltage. A novel dual-input DC/DC converter is proposed in this paper. The power generation of renewable energy and battery can deliver the energy to load simultaneously or separately. The utilization efficiency of the system is improved. On the condition of no load, power generation of renewable energy can charge the battery. The proposed converter expands the applications of the dual-input buck converter. The battery can be used as an independent power source to improve the output voltage of the converter. And the PV source can charge the battery when the converter has light or no load. The operation principle of the proposed converter is analyzed in detail. The analysis of inductor current in different stages is given. The simulation results verify the feasibility of converter.

To reduce the financial burden brought by the feed-in tariff (FIT) policy, China is shifting its renewable energy support policy to the renewable portfolio standard with tradable green certificates (RPS/TGC). Moreover, the two policies are being implemented in parallel in the transitional period. In this context, this study investigates the game between renewable energy power plants (REPPs) regarding electricity outputs and tradable green certificate (TGC) prices under different renewable energy support policies practiced in China. We focus on analyzing the impact of policy changes on the competing REPPs’ decisions and the renewable electricity market with TGCs. The results show that implementing the RPS/TGC policy inhibits the development of renewable electricity unless the subscription of TGCs is promoted. Government subsidy arrears significantly affect electricity outputs and TGC subscriptions. The low subscription rate of TGCs is caused not by the subsidy-based TGC pricing mechanism but by government subsidies. This suggests that the government should implement the RPS/TGC policy, and demand-side power consumption responsibility weights should also be strengthened to promote TGC subscriptions.

Study of an HTGR and renewable energy hybrid system for grid stability

With the power market reform deepening, the increasing integration of policy objectives and market mechanisms has increased the complexity of the power market. In order to clarify the dynamic relationship between increasingly complex policies and markets, a framework for carbon rights trading and green energy certification and electricity market has been implemented through market mechanisms. Based on this, scenario design and Dynamic Model simulation are carried out, and the sensitivity of key factors is analyzed. Results show that (1) the percentage allocated to renewable energy obligations has an obvious promotion effect on the construction of renewable energy units; the transactions involving power generation rights promote the construction of sustainable energy infrastructure in the coming years and inhibit their development in the long run. (2) Renewable energy quota ratio and power generation right trading target are closely related to green certificate price and carbon emission right price. (3) When the growth rate target of the renewable quota ratio is below 1.5% and the target of the power generation right trading ratio is below 3%, it will have a promoting effect on the accelerated deployment of clean energy technologies.

China introduced the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) in 2019 to boost renewable energy (RE) consumption across provinces, yet the policy overlooks associated employment impacts. To fill this gap, this paper constructs an inter-provincial cooperation model for non-hydro RE power consumption that integrates a dual-objective optimization (minimizing quota completion cost and maximizing employment) and a minimum-deviation benefit allocation approach. The model identifies the roles of green power buyers and sellers, and quantifies optimal RE generation, employment, and costs under both non-cooperation and cooperation scenarios. An empirical analysis is conducted for five representative provinces (Hebei, Yunnan, Jiangxi, Anhui, and Hunan). The results indicate that, compared with the non-cooperation mode, inter-provincial cooperation increases non-hydro RE power generation by 13.42 × 10⁹ kWh (27.4%), creates an additional 1.39 × 105 jobs, and increases total comprehensive benefits by 3.38 × 10⁹ CNY (9.9%). The proposed minimum-deviation allocation method achieves fairer benefit distribution than single methods such as the Shapley value and game quadratic programming. This study provides a practical framework for provincial governments to balance RE consumption, cost efficiency, and employment growth in cross-regional green power cooperation.

Renewable energy policy options for Abu Dhabi: Drivers and barriers

In the future, the large-scale participation of renewable energy in electricity market bidding is an inevitable trend. In order to describe the Nash equilibrium effect and market power between renewable energy and traditional power generators in the tacit competition in the electricity market, a bidding strategy based on deep reinforcement learning is proposed. The strategy is divided into two layers; the inner layer is the electricity market clearing model, and the outer layer is the deep reinforcement learning optimization algorithm. Taking the equilibrium supply function as the clearing model of the electricity market, considering the green certificate trading mechanism and the carbon emission mechanism, and taking the maximization of social welfare as the objective function, the optimal bidding on the best electricity price is solved. Finally, the calculation examples of the 3-node system and the 30-node system show that compared with other algorithms, more stable convergence results can be obtained, the Nash equilibrium in game theory can be reached, social welfare can be maximized, renewable energy has more market power in the market. The market efficiency evaluation index is introduced to analyze the market efficiency of the two case systems. The final result is one of great significance and value to the reasonable electricity price declaration, the optimization of market resources, and the policy orientation of the electricity market with renewable energy.

Climate change significantly impacts people’s lives. Since the declaration of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the nexus of climate change, land use, energy, and water (CLEW) has attracted attention. As an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia, Indonesia was predicted to experience a significant impact of climate change. To minimize the impact of climate change, the government of Indonesia (GOI) commits to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through the Paris Agreement. One of the plans is in the energy sector, in which 87% of existing power plants are made up of fossil fuels. According to the GOI target, renewable energy (RE) should share the national energy mix of a minimum of 31% by 2050. However, RE resources are highly dependent on the natural condition. Currently, Indonesia’s long-term planning has not considered the impact of the CLEW Nexus on RE power generation. This paper reviews the generation expansion planning (GEP) method considering CLEW in Indonesia. Systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted as a methodology of the research. Based on the review results, the system dynamics method is one of the possible solutions to the generation expansion planning problems considering the CLEW nexus.

A fuzzy intelligent forecasting system based on combined fuzzification strategy and improved optimization algorithm for renewable energy power generation

Integration of tradable green certificates trading and carbon emissions trading: How will Chinese power industry do?

In microgrid, distributed generators (DG) can be utilized effectively, and controlled intelligently and flexibly. By use of rich renewable energy sources (RES) on islands, island microgrids can be built to develop clean and pollution-free renewable energy power industry, which makes islands' natural balance of the regional energy industry achieved, the ‘renewable energy’ economy developed, the industrial structure optimized, and industrial systems with circular economy established. RES on islands of China, including wind, solar, biomass, ocean current energy, wave energy, tidal energy, ocean thermal energy, ocean salinity gradient energy and geothermal energy, are summarized in this paper. It was carried out that comparison among international definitions and structures of microgrid currently, together with that analysis on features of an island microgrid. The domestic and international research was reviewed on island microgrid based on renewable energy power generation. A comprehensive overview of some projects was presented. Finally, it was pointed out that some key issues, which should be paid attention to during the island microgrid developing progress. All of these are of great referential and guiding in island microgrid development.

Incentive-oriented power‑carbon emissions trading-tradable green certificate integrated market mechanisms using multi-agent deep reinforcement learning

Estimation of marginal abatement subsidization cost of renewable energy for power generation in Thailand

A novel structure adaptive new information priority discrete grey prediction model and its application in renewable energy generation forecasting