Writing Narrative Essays Using the Problem-Based Learning Model Assisted by Series Drawings in Elementary Schools

To enhance students' critical thinking abilities, it is essential to adopt an interactive learning model where students actively participate, and the instructor acts as a facilitator. This can be achieved through the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in the teaching and learning process. This study aimed to evaluate the improvement of learning outcomes and critical thinking skills through the application of the PBL model among students. Conducted as classroom action research, it involved 40 students from Yogyakarta State University. The research comprised two cycles, each consisting of two sessions. Instruments used included observation sheets for learning implementation, critical thinking assessment sheets, and tests. Data analysis was performed quantitatively using descriptive analysis methods. The findings revealed that (1) the learning process was effectively implemented, with observation data from both cycles rated as good, with a mode of 4 (good); (2) students' learning outcomes improved, with the average post-test scores increasing from 70.85 in Cycle 1 to 80.63 in Cycle 2; (3) students' critical thinking skills also enhanced, with the average score rising from 68.54 in Cycle 1 to 82.08 in Cycle 2. The conclusion of this study is that implementing PBL in the learning process can significantly enhance both critical thinking and learning outcomes. The research implies that teachers' professional competence can be developed through the application of PBL. It is recommended that teachers integrate the PBL model into their teaching practices to foster students' higher-order thinking skills, such as critical thinking, creativity, and scientific reasoning abilities.

This study aims to find out The Effect of Inquiry and Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Models on Understanding of Mathematics Concepts Viewed from Student Learning Motivation. The study employed the quantitative research approach with a quasi-experimental design. Data obtained with the pattern of pretest and posttest. Based on data analysis and discussion, it was be concluded that: (1) there is an influence of Inquiry and PBL learning models on students' understanding of mathematical concepts. This is because the Inquiry and Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model syntax can help students develop their ability to understand mathematical concepts, (2) there is an effect of high learning motivation, moderate learning motivation, and low learning motivation on students' understanding of mathematical concepts after applying the learning model, (3) there is the interaction between the Inquiry learning model, the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) learning model, and Direct Instruction (DI) with learning motivation in influencing the ability to understand mathematical concepts. Therefore, mathematics teachers should pay attention to students' learning motivation towards their abilities and apply Inquiry or Problem-Based Learning (PBL) learning models that help increase students' understanding of mathematical concepts.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the problem-based learning (PBL) model in improving the critical thinking skills and learning motivation of 10th grade senior high school students through the biology-based learning of environmental concepts and pollution, especially water and soil pollution. This study also aims to determine students' responses to the problem-based learning model. A quasi-experiment with a control group before and after the test is used to conduct the research. This research was done over the course of four meetings. The population of this study consists of all 10th-grade senior high school students, with the following characteristics: the first 10th-grade senior high school students are an experimental class implementing PBL with Zoom Cloud Meeting, and the second 10th-grade senior high school students are a control class with a scientific approach learning model. The N-Gain test was used to measure critical thinking skills before and after learning, as well as the level of motivation at the end of learning, to collect data for this study. The findings showed that: 1) The PBL model was implemented successfully, with a score of 95%, using Zoom cloud meetings. 2) When compared to the 5M models, the implementation of learning using the PBL model through Zoom Cloud Meetings improved students' critical thinking skills. The N-Gain test results were within the middle range, precisely 0.51. 3) Using Zoom cloud meetings to apply the PBL approach has no meaningful effect on increasing students' learning motivation. 4) Students were highly enthusiastic about studying the PBL methodology using Zoom cloud sessions

This study aims to analyze the application of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in physical education to improve students' motor skills. This study uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method, which is carried out in two cycles, where each cycle consists of the planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The research subjects were students who participated in physical education classes. Data collection was conducted through observation and assessment of students' motor skills, which included locomotor, non-locomotor, and manipulative movements. The results showed that there was a gradual increase in students' motor skills from the pre-cycle stage to cycle I and cycle II. This improvement was evident from the increased student participation in the learning process and the increase in the average motor skill scores achieved by students in each cycle. The application of the Problem-Based Learning model encouraged students to be more active, work together in groups, and engage in problem-solving activities related to movement. Thus, the Problem-Based Learning model can be an alternative effective learning strategy to improve students' motor skills in physical education

This study aims to find out: (1) the influence of the use of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on the mathematical communication skill; (2) the influence of the use of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on the mathematical problem-solving skill. This study was conducted on class VIII. The research design is pre-post quasi experimental design. Samples were selected using the cluster random sampling technique. The employed instrument in this study was an essay test. The obtained data were then analyzed using independent samples t-test and simple linear regression. The results indicated that (1) the average score of students' mathematical communication skills taught by problem-based learning models was higher than those taught by conventional methods; (2) the average score of students' mathematical problem-solving abilities taught by problem-based learning models is higher than students taught by conventional methods

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) learning model in improving student learning outcomes in the material Welcoming the Age of Puberty in grade IV of SDN 106210 Rambung Besar. This study uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method which is carried out in two cycles, with stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of the study were grade IV students of SDN 106210 Rambung Besar. Data were collected through learning outcome tests, observations of student and teacher activities, and interviews. The results of the study showed that the implementation of the PBL model can significantly improve student learning outcomes. In the first cycle, the average student score increased compared to the conditions before the action. The second cycle showed further improvements in conceptual understanding, critical thinking skills, and student activity. The PBL model also encourages students to be more active in discussing, working together, and solving problems related to the material being studied. The conclusion of this study is that the PBL learning model is effective in improving student learning outcomes in the material Welcoming the Age of Puberty. Therefore, it is recommended for teachers to adopt this model as an innovative learning strategy to improve the quality of learning in elementary schools

The students' understanding ability is still relatively low, caused by the quality of mathematics learning in the classroom, so students feel bored in learning mathematics, passive students in learning, students are not independent in constructing knowledge and students are not trained to develop the ability to think. Learning model that is expected to be good for applied to learning mathematics and in order to encourage the emergence of students' understanding in mathematics is Problem Based Learning and Teams Games Tournament model. The purpose of this study is to improve the students' understanding in mathematics through the application of Problem Based Learning and Teams Games Tournament Model. This research is experimental research with preetest-postest design group design. The population of this study is all students of class XI SMKN 4 Kendari, the research sample taken two classes with purposive sampling technique and the determination of experimental class and control class chosen at random. First experimental class got model of Problem Based Learning Learning (PBL) and second experiment class got cooperative learning model Type Teams Games Tournament (TGT). The research instrument used is pretest and postes Mathematical Understanding. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively qualitative and t-test. Based on the results in data analysis can be concluded that: 1) There is improvement of students' understanding in mathematics through PBL model .2) There is an improvement in students' mathematical understanding through TGT model. 3) There is a difference in students' mathematical understanding improvement among those taught by PBL and TGT model.

Problem-solving is one of the competencies in the learning innovation that students must possess to prepare life challenges in the 21st century. This study aimed to improve student problem-solving ability and cognitive learning outcome through the implementation of problem-based learning (PBL) model in learning biology at the senior high school. This research is a quasi-experimental research with pretest and posttest design. Two classes were chosen randomly from five classes of 10th-grade students for conducting research by implementing PBL and direct instruction learning models as an experiment and control (conventional) class, respectively. The problem-solving ability was measured by the essay test as well as the cognitive learning outcome at the end of the research and was analyzed by t-test. The result showed that students in the PBL class have a higher improvement in problem-solving ability. The student ability to problem-solving in the PBL class was also significantly higher than the conventional class. In addition, students in the PBL class have a higher cognitive learning outcome than the conventional class. This finding indicates that the PBL model can be implemented in the learning practices, especially in biology, to develop the problem-solving skill of students. Problem-solving is one of the competencies in the learning innovation that students must possess to prepare life challenges in the 21st century. This study aimed to improve student problem-solving ability and cognitive learning outcome through the implementation o f problem-based learning (PBL) model in learning biology at the senior high school. This research is a quasi-experimental research with pretest and posttest design. Two classes were chosen randomly from five classes of 10th-grade students for conducting research by implementing PBL and direct instruction learning models as an experiment and control (conventional) class, respectively. The problem-solving ability was measured by the essay test as well as the cognitive learning outcome at the end of the research and was analyzed by t-test. The result showed that students in the PBL class have a higher improvement in problem-solving ability. The student ability to problem-solving in the PBL class was also significantly higher than the conventional class. In addition, students in the PBL class have a higher cognitive learning outcome than the conventional class. This finding indicates that the PBL model can be implemented in the learning practices, especially in biology, to develop the problem-solving skill of students.

This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of students in class VI.A SD Negeri 4 Palembang on Energy Literacy material through the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model. This research used the Classroom Action Research method carried out in two cycles, involving 23 students. Data were collected through observation, tests, and documentation to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of the learning model. The PBL model is designed to improve energy literacy by actively involving learners in solving problems relevant to everyday life, so that learning becomes more meaningful and contextual. Each cycle includes planning, action implementation, observation and reflection to ensure continuous improvement. The results showed significant improvements in the understanding of energy literacy concepts, learning outcomes, and critical thinking skills of learners. They became more active, enthusiastic and showed deeper engagement in the learning process. In addition, learners also showed an increased ability to connect energy literacy concepts with everyday phenomena, making learning more relevant. This study concludes that the implementation of the PBL model can improve students' energy literacy. The researcher recommends the use of PBL model as an alternative strategy to be applied in other classes, because it is proven to be able to encourage active, creative, and relevant learning. This strategy is expected to have a positive impact in improving the quality of education, especially at the elementary school level.

This paper reports students’ learning outcomes by applying the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in class V at SDN 11 Kurao Pagang Padang in thematic learning. The research is CAR (Classroom Action Research) by applying qualitative and quantitative approaches. In order to obtain the expected learning outcomes by implementing the PBL model, four activities are applied, namely planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. In Cycle I, the result indicates a percentage value of 81.25% and increased to 97.5% in Cycle II. In the implementation aspect, the learning outcome in Cycle 1 was 80.35 and increased to 96.42% in Cycle II. In another aspect, learning outcomes indicate an average score of 77.25 in Cycle I and increased to 87 in Cycle II. Therefore, it can be concluded that the model, Problem-based Learning model (PBL), can produce an increase in the acquisition of students’ learning outcomes.

This research is motivated by the main problems that occur in students who have the notion that social studies is a very boring subject and there are not a few students who try to avoid these subjects. Then the learning method applied by educators is still conventional with the Teacher Centered Learning (TCL) approach. The purpose of this research is to identify that there is an increase in social studies learning outcomes when using the problem based learning model. The research method used is a quantitative method with a type of quasi-experimental method. As for the results of this study it can be identified that there is a significant increase in learning outcomes when applying the problem-based learning model, then the results of data analysis and statistical calculations using the Likert scale show that the attitude of students towards the problem-based learning model in general shows a very good attitude and the attitude of students towards the problem-based learning learning model each individual shows a very good attitude, it can be concluded that the interpretation of the student's attitude scale towards the problem-based learning learning model is in the very good category. Therefore the problem-based learning model is effective in improving student learning outcomes.

This Classroom Action Research (CAR) aims to improve the critical thinking skills of Grade X students at SMK Pertukangan Santo Yusup by applying the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model. The background for this research is the previously low critical thinking skills of students, who tended to be passive and less actively involved in the learning process. The method used is Classroom Action Research (CAR) divided into two cycles, Cycle I and Cycle II, covering the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. In the first cycle, observation results showed that most students were still in the low category of critical thinking skills, with only a few reaching the "Proficient" category. After improvements in the second cycle, there was a significant increase. The number of students able to think critically in the "Proficient" category rose to 47%, and many students began to analyze, evaluate, and argue more effectively. The study also proved that the application of PBL increased students' active involvement in learning. They became more engaged in group discussions, problem-solving, and independent problem analysis. The classroom atmosphere also became more dynamic, with more positive interactions between students and between students and teachers. In conclusion, the PBL model is effective in improving students' critical thinking skills. The recommendations are to strengthen the implementation of PBL, develop relevant learning materials, provide sufficient time for learning, and conduct regular evaluations to ensure continuous improvement. With proper implementation, PBL can be further developed to help students hone their critical thinking skills.

This study intends to determine whether there is a difference in the creative thinking and mathematical collaboration abilities of students with the problem-based learning model and discovery learning model by learning media. The type of research used is quasi-experimental, a nonequivalent control group design. The research sample was 58 students from two elementary schools using the cluster random sampling technique. The data collection technique was carried out using a test and observation sheet, which were analyzed descriptively. The findings of the study indicated that (1) there is a difference in the creative thinking abilities of fourth-grade elementary school students between students taught the problem-based learning model and the discovery learning model. This finding is based on the results of the Paired-Sample T-Test analysis, which obtained a Sig value of 0.028 < 0.05. (2) There is a difference in the ability of fourth-grade elementary school students to collaborate in mathematics between students taught by the problem-based learning model and the discovery learning model. This is based on the results of the Paired-Sample T-Test analysis, which obtained a Sig value of 0.001 < 0.05. (3) For fourth-grade students, problem-based learning has a greater impact on their creative thinking and collaboration abilities compared to the discovery learning model. This is based on the results of the MANOVA analysis, which obtained a significant value of creative thinking ability showing 0.040 < 0.05 and a significant value of collaboration ability showing 0.001 < 0.05, so it can be concluded that H0 is rejected, and Ha is accepted.

The purpose of this research is to know the difference of mathematical representation skill, the result of science learning and its influence on problem-based learning and discovery learning model. The population of this study was 16 students of PGSD FKIP University of Lampung. Among 534 students, there were two experimental classes consisting of 35 students and each was determined through cluster random sampling. The data on mathematical representation skills and learning outcomes of science were obtained through a description test, five questions for assessing mathematical representation skills, and ten questions for assessing science learning outcomes. From the instruments that had been tested to 30 respondents, it was obtained a valid and reliable instrument with a score of 0.505 for mathematical representation skills, and 0.832 for learning outcomes. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by using normality test, homogeneity test, independent sample t-test, correlation test, and simple linear regression test. The results showed that there was no difference in the result of mathematical representation skill and science learning outcomes, between the problem-based learning model and real discovery. But there is a positive and significant linear influence between the mathematical representation skill and the learning outcomes of science, through a problem-based learning model of discovery.

Mathematics is an important part of science education and plays an important part in lots of aspects of life. However, students' low self-efficacy in mathematics is often an obstacle in learning. Low self-efficacy can inhibit students' confidence in solving problems and impact on their learning outcomes. One method that might be utilized to improve students' self-efficacy is the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model. This search aims to analyze the impact of PBL models on their self-efficacy in learning mathematics. This research used quasi-experiment method with Nonequivalent Posttest Only Control Group design. The research sample consisted of fifty-two seventh grade students of SMP IT Madani Islamic School Payakumbuh who were divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group was treated with PBL model, while the control group used conventional learning. Data was collected through self-efficacy questionnaire and analyzed descriptive and inferential statistical tests. The findings revealed that pupils who studied with PBL models had higher self-efficacy compared to students who used conventional learning models. In conclusion, the application of PBL can increase students' self-efficacy in learning mathematics because this method encourages active involvement, contextual problem solving, and reflection on the thinking process. This research shows the urgency of implementing PBL in mathematics learning to significantly improve students' confidence and learning outcomes.