International Business Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated. International Business Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ibr/editor/recruitment and e-mail the completed application form to ibr@ccsenet.org. Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 12 Abderrazek Hassen Elkhaldi, University of Sousse, Tunisia Ajit Kumar Kar, Indian Metal & Ferro Alloys Ltd, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India Alina Badulescu, University of Oradea, Romania Anca Gabriela Turtureanu, “DANUBIUS” University Galati, Romania Andrea Carosi, University of Sassari, Italy Andrei Buiga, “ARTIFEX University of Bucharest, Romania Antonio Usai, University of Sassari, Italy Ashford C Chea, Benedict College, USA Celina Maria Olszak, University of Economics in Katowice, Poland Chemah Tamby Chik, Universiti Teknologi Mara (Uitm), Malaysia Christos Chalyvidis, Hellenic Air Force Academy, Greece Cristian Rabanal, National University of Villa Mercedes, Argentina Duminda Kuruppuarachchi, University of Otago, New Zealand Federica Caboni, University of Cagliari, Italy Federica De Santis , University of Pisa , Italy Fevzi Esen, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Turkey Filomena Izzo, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Italy Florin Ionita, The Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies, Romania Francesco Scalera, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Italy Georges Samara, ESADE Business School, Lebanon Giuseppe Granata, University of Cassino and Southen Lazio, Italy Hanna Trojanowska, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland Hejun Zhuang, Brandon University, Canada Imran Riaz Malik, IQRA University, Pakistan Ionela-Corina Chersan, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University from Iași, Romania Isam Saleh, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Jordan Joseph Lok-Man Lee, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Khaled Mokni, Northern Border University, Tunisia L. Leo Franklin, Bharathidasn University, India M. Muzamil Naqshbandi, University of Dubai, UAE Marcelino José Jorge, Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute of Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazil Maria Teresa Bianchi, University of Rome “LA SAPIENZA”, Italy Michele Rubino, Università LUM Jean Monnet, Italy Miriam Jankalová, University of Zilina, Slovakia Mohamed Abdel Rahman Salih, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia Mongi Arfaoui, University of Monastir, Tunisia Muath Eleswed, American University of Kuwait, USA Ozgur Demirtas, Turkish Air Force Academy, Turkey Prosper Senyo Koto, Dalhousie University, Canada Radoslav Jankal, University of Zilina, Slovakia Rafiuddin Ahmed, James Cook University, Australia Riaz Ahsan, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan Roxanne Helm Stevens, Azusa Pacific University, USA Sang-Bing Tsai, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China Sara Saggese, University of Naples Federico II, Italy Sumathisri Bhoopalan, SASTRA Deemed to be University, India Wejdene Yangui, Institute of High Business Studies of Sfax _ Tunisia (IHEC), Tunisia Yan Lu, University of Central Florida, USA Yasmin Tahira, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Al Ain, UAE

This study examines the evolution of Kazakhstani research in the fields of economics and business research. We analyzed Scopus and Dimensions records for 2019–2023 following a PRISMA-like workflow with fully reproducible queries and time-stamped data extractions. We implemented both Bradford’s law of scattering and collaboration analysis. We report both journal-level (Scopus) and publication-level (Dimensions) results as complementary perspectives. Results show the applicability of Bradford’s law of scattering to research publications in Economics, Econometrics, and Finance, Business, Management, and Accounting, and Decision Sciences in Kazakhstan and globally. Collaboration analysis highlights strong regional ties and diversification. Authorship analysis reveals that 85.1% of publications have a Kazakhstan-affiliated first author. Publications were classified into three categories: Kazakhstan-Only (59.0%, N = 1585), International Collaboration with Kazakhstan-led authorship (31.5%, N = 845), and International Collaboration with Non-Kazakhstan-led authorship (9.5%, N = 255). International collaborations had 69–92% higher citation impact than domestic-only publications. The expansion of citing countries doubled in 2023 compared with 2019. Our contributions to bibliometric analysis and science policy are two-fold. First, we provide a comprehensive comparative analysis of publication patterns between Kazakhstani and global journals in economics and business-related fields, revealing specific areas requiring development. Second, we identify collaboration patterns, including citation analysis of studied fields. The analysis revealed strategies that can be applied in other emerging economies.

Abstract The drivers for the internationalization of business teaching and research were multinational corporations, the Cold War, and the relative price advantage of non‐America business schools. Yet, the internationalization largely failed to reflect local contexts. The consequent paucity of original local business thought, international or not, exposes non‐American business schools to the raid of American‐based massive open online courses which will prune off the mainstay courses at emerging market business schools. Deprived of a substantial share of their fee‐paying students, the remaining docents at those schools will be less likely to publish altogether, including in fields that might sustain independent thought. Therefore, American‐like international business research is likely to have a longer life, more narrowly focused on English‐speaking countries and Europe, with even less of a contribution from emerging markets.

Sweden experienced an increase in the ratio of granted patents to research and development spending (R&D) between 1989 and 1998, a period when R&D spending grew rapidly. The ratio of patents granted to R&D spending (research productivity) increased by 40% over the period, and the ratio of quality-adjusted patents to R&D exhibited an even more impressive increase of 60%. Sectors with especially high research productivity and quality-adjusted research productivity include low and medium technology manufacturing, chemicals and transportation. However, the growth in quality-adjusted research productivity was primarily generated by the high-tech pharmaceuticals and electronics industries. The service-based sectors experienced a significant increase in R&D spending over the period, but the research productivity decreased. (Less)

International Business Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.
 
 International Business Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ibr/editor/recruitment and e-mail the completed application form to ibr@ccsenet.org. 
 
 Reviewers for Volume 12, Number 4
 
  
 
 Alireza Athari, Eastern Mediterranean University, Iran
 
 Anna Paola Micheli, Univrtsity of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Italy
 
 Antonio Usai, University of Sassari, Italy
 
 Ashford C Chea, Benedict College, USA
 
 Aurelija Burinskiene, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Lithuania
 
 Bazeet Olayemi Badru, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Nigeria
 
 Bruno Ferreira Frascaroli, Federal University of Paraiba, Brazil
 
 Celina Maria Olszak, University of Economics in Katowice, Poland
 
 Christopher Alozie, Tansian University, Nigeria
 
 Cristian Rabanal, National University of Villa Mercedes, Argentina
 
 Francesco Ciampi, Florence University, Italy
 
 Francesco Scalera, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Italy
 
 Haldun Şecaattin Çetinarslan, Turkish Naval Forces Command, Turkey
 
 Hanna Trojanowska, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
 
 Henrique Fátima Boyol Ngan, Institute for Tourism Studies, Macao, Macao
 
 Herald Monis, Milagres College, India
 
 Hillary Odor, University of Benin, Nigeria
 
 Imran Riaz Malik, IQRA University, Pakistan
 
 L. Leo Franklin, Bharathidasn University, India
 
 Ladislav Mura, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Slovakia
 
 Leow Hon Wei, SEGi University, Malaysia
 
 Luisa Pinto, University of Porto School of Economics, Portugal
 
 M- Muzamil Naqshbandi, University of Dubai, UAE
 
 Manuel A. R. da Fonseca, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil
 
 Marcelino José Jorge, Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute of Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazil
 
 Marco Valeri, Niccolò Cusano University, Italy
 
 Marta Joanna Ziólkowska, Warsaw School of Economics (Szkoła Główna Handlowa), Poland
 
 Michele Rubino, Università LUM Jean Monnet, Italy
 
 Mohamed Abdel Rahman Salih, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia
 
 Mohsen Malekalketab Khiabani, University Technology Malaysia, Malaysia
 
 Muath Eleswed, American University of Kuwait, USA
 
 Nicoleta Barbuta-Misu, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, Romania
 
 Ozgur Demirtas, Turkish Air Force Academy, Turkey
 
 Pascal Stiefenhofer, University of Brighton, UK
 
 Radoslav Jankal, University of Zilina, Slovakia
 
 Razana Juhaida Johari, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia 
 
 Riaz Ahsan, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
 
 Roxanne Helm Stevens, Azusa Pacific University, USA
 
 Serhii Kozlovskiy, Donetsk National University, Ukraine
 
 Slavoljub M. Vujović, Economic Institute, Belgrade, Serbia
 
 Stephen Donald Strombeck, William Jessup University, USA
 
 Sumathisri Bhoopalan, SASTRA Deemed to be University, India
 
 Wejdene Yangui, Institute of High Business Studies of Sfax _ Tunisia (IHEC), Tunisia
 
 Yan Lu, University of Central Florida, USA

The purpose of this paper is to examine ways in which cross-cultural research in international business can use emic–etic approaches more effectively. The majority of research conducted in the field has been etic, while the cross-cultural data used by the researchers have been emic in nature. This resulted in producing ethnocentric results which are biased towards Western perspectives. We call for a re-evaluation of the importance of in-depth qualitative analysis in international business research. We go back to the origins of emic and etic in linguistics and conduct a linguistic and philosophical analysis of these terms to demonstrate that the emic–etic distinction is not helpful for adequately studying cross-cultural data. We provide examples from linguistics, kinship, and from international business research on German-Polish acquisitions. We demonstrate that what conventional etic cross-cultural research perceives to be a problem is often an opportunity to gain deep insight. We find that emic matters in some cases more that etic, and that the emic can often add value beyond the etic. We conclude that a research strategy employing emic and etic approaches is a vital step to enable cross-cultural researchers to obtain more adequate and meaningful results. While most of researchers have treated emic and etic as dichotomous, we demonstrate the benefits of treating them as complementary approaches.

Abstract In recent years area of entrepreneurship has gained significant attention nationally and internationally. It is one of the main skills priorities of national governments and EU council. Traditionally associated with commercial activity, entrepreneurship has gained traction as a key competence necessary to allow society as a whole to adapt to the changing economic climate. Small and medium sized companies (SMEs) greatly contribute to employment and wealth in Europe but there are limited studies into the specific skills needs required for SMEs into the future. Skills such as problem solving, critical thinking and entrepreneurship allow learners to adapt to changes, communication, digital skills and teamwork allow learners to collaborate and exploit technology in the changing workplace. Research is a key element of entrepreneurial success, but how these skills particularly workplace-oriented ones improve entrepreneurial culture has not been widely explored in the literature. This paper explores the importance of entrepreneurship today, the skills required to allow our society to become more entrepreneurial and identifies the potential of workplace research skills to develop entrepreneurial capacity in all facets of work, particularly within SMEs. The authors collaborated on many European projects aimed at improving work and education/training of entrepreneurs. The work presented int this paper resulted from surveys conducted within these projects regarding the problems SME staff have in connection with workplace transformation and entrepreneurship education and training. From this the paper proposes a conceptual model to facilitate the development of workplace research skills which will enhance entrepreneurial capacity in SMEs. The problems discussed in this chapter will also be used within the German initiative Mittelstand 4.0-Kompetenzzentrum with the participation of one author. Companies within this program are eager to improve their workplace research skills and change the learning culture and staff behavior in connection with digital workplaces.

The objective of the present study on corporate governance research in German-speaking countries is to portray the networks in this field, identify the central sources and actors, and establish the relations between individual subdisciplines. The present paper therefore uses bibliometric and network analysis to investigate business research literature in the leading journals in German-speaking countries. As none of the major citation databases could be used for the bibliometric analysis given the subject area under investigation, the first step was to create a bibliometric database for the planned evaluation. Using this as a basis, bibliometric evaluations were then carried out with a focus on co-citation analysis. This analysis was based on an evaluation of over 10,000 references in 267 source documents. This identified the key publications on business research in German-speaking countries that have a particularly strong influence on the subject of corporate governance. The various key areas were clustered according to similarity and visualized in a network.

Since the beginning of business research and teaching, the basic assumptions of the discipline have been intensely debated. One of these basic assumptions concerns the behavioral aspects of human beings, which are traditionally represented in the construct of homo economicus. These assumptions have been increasingly challenged in light of findings from social, ethnological, psychological, and ethical research. Some publications from an integrative perspective have suggested that homo economicus embodies to a high degree dark character traits, particularly related to the construct of psychopathy, representing individuals who are extremely self-centered and ruthless, without feelings of remorse or compassion. While a growing body of research notes such a similarity on a more or less anecdotal basis, this article aims to explore this connection from a more rigorous perspective, bridging insights from psychological, economic, and business research to better understand the potentially dark traits of homo economicus. The analysis shows that homo economicus is not simply some kind of psychopath, but specifically a so-called subclinical or Factor 1 psychopath, who is also referred to as a “corporate psychopath” in business research. With such an analysis, the paper adds an additional perspective and a deeper psychological level of understanding as to why homo economicus is often controversially debated. Based on these insights, several implications for academic research and teaching are discussed and reflected upon in light of an ethics of virtue and care.