The article presents a brief analysis of the practice of formation and the current state of multimodal tourism clusters abroad. The theoretical foundations of the cluster approach in tourism and the features of multimodality are considered. Using several cases of foreign experience, examples of several tourism clusters located in the North American, European and Asian centers of cluster development are considered. The article also touches upon the economic, social and environmental effects of the functioning of these clusters.

Digital transformation and the acceleration of technological cycles are radically transforming the corporate competitive landscape, calling into question the sustainability of traditional strategic paradigms. This study analyzes the challenges that innovative technologies (artificial intelligence, blockchain, the Internet of Things, generative models) and the new business models they generate (platforms, ecosystems, subscription-as-a-service, product-as-aservice) pose for corporate strategy. This empirical analysis covers 127 large corporations from the S&P 500 index for the period 2015–2024. revealed a critical dilemma: 68% of companies that successfully implemented advanced technologies failed to transform their business model, which resulted in a shortterm increase in operational efficiency (+11–14%), but a lack of sustainable competitive advantage and a subsequent loss of market capitalization (–23% over the five-year period after the peak). In contrast, 22% of companies that implemented a systemic transformation of the business model with simultaneous adaptation of the organizational architecture achieved sustainable growth in market capitalization (+47% over the five-year period) and export share (+31%). The key barriers to strategic adaptation turned out to be: (1) the cognitive inertia of management tied to historical sources of profit; (2) organizational rigidity of functional structures, hindering cross-functional integration; (3) a conflict between short-term financial metrics and long-term investments in transformation; (4) a lack of “strategic ambidexterity” — the ability to simultaneously optimize the current business and create new directions. The study proposes the concept of an “evolutionary strategy” based on continuous experimentation, modular organizational architecture, and the dynamic redistribution of resources between mature and emerging business models. Case studies of Microsoft (successful transformation), General Electric (failed diversification), and Siemens (hybrid adaptation) confirm that the survival of corporations in the era of technological disruption is determined not by technological sophistication, but by the ability to strategically adapt — continuously reassess the fundamental assumptions of the business in response to technological shifts. Practitioners are provided with principles for building “antifragile” strategic systems capable of not only adapting to change but also capitalizing on the volatility of the technological environment.

The purpose of the research is to provide a theoretical and applied rationale for the management strategy of current and prospective development projects, taking into account limited resources, industry specifics and regional specifics. The research materials include the provisions of modern project management methodology, industry analytics, as well as personal professional experience in project management in development. The article uses such research methods as interpretation of design decisions, deductive reconstruction of strategies and modeling of strategic management mechanisms. Research result: the author’s model of strategic achievement of a balance between the implementation and preparation of new projects in conditions of limited resources is proposed. Conclusions: a) a unified logic of project management, taking into account different life cycles, should take into account the need to build internal and external consistency; b) the absence of such logic creates risks and reduces the effectiveness of development activities; c) the role of the project manager is to organize a coordinated analysis, develop priorities and create a controlled environment for balanced current and potential projects, capable of sustainable development.

The article is devoted to the study of the features of the construction of buildings and structures within the historical part of the city of Krasnodar. In the article, the authors consider the key aspects that affect the construction and development of the central part of the city. For example, legal restrictions, requirements for the preservation of historical appearance and the difficulty of integrating new facilities into the historical quarters of the city. Special attention is paid to the problems of preserving architectural heritage, as well as the interaction between new construction sites and historical monuments, as well as methods that will promote the harmonious coexistence of different architectural styles. The authors were based on an analysis of current regulatory legal acts, as well as examples of already implemented facilities in the historical part of Krasnodar, which made it possible to identify the most successful approaches to project implementation for future developers and architects, as well as to show the problems and obstacles faced by developers.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of small business in the modern economy, going beyond traditional indicators of employment and GDP. It examines its importance as a driver of innovation, a factor in social stability, a player in shaping the competitive environment, and a testing ground for new market models. Particular attention is paid to the synergistic effect of interaction between small and large businesses. Based on the analysis, a conclusion is drawn regarding the need for targeted government policy focused not only on quantitative growth but also on the qualitative development of the SME sector.

The transition from subsistence farming to a market economy in the XVIII–XIX centuries represents one of the most significant stages in the history of world economic development, since it not only changed the principles of production organization and distribution of material resources, but also created those socio-economic conditions that predetermined the formation of an industrial society and the formation of modern national economies. The article examines the key areas of economic evolution of this period, including changes in the structure of production, the development of manufactures and the formation of a factory system, the transformation of labor relations in the context of industrialization, the expansion of domestic and foreign trade, the formation of national and global markets, as well as the modernization of the agricultural sector associated with the abolition of traditional forms of dependence, the reform of land relations and the transition peasant farms for commodity production.

The goal of the paper is to establish the parameters of financial stability depending on the selected tax strategy. The article uses a systems approach in a combination of methods of regulatory and comparative analysis, as well as economic and mathematical modeling to predict the effectiveness of various tax payment optimization schemes. An innovative method for calculating the amount of VAT payable to the budget has been developed, based on determining the difference between the accrued amount of tax and tax deductions. This method can serve as a foundation for improving the tax administration system; reducing the tax burden will increase the financial stability of the company. The practical value of the work lies in the possibility of applying the obtained results to formulate specific measures to improve the tax system and reduce the tax burden on enterprises in various sectors of the economy. The scientific novelty of the study consists in conducting a comprehensive analysis of the VAT calculation mechanism taking into account the current rate system, which allows studying the specifics of their application and assessing the effectiveness of the tax system existing at enterprises.

This article provides a comparative analysis of the impact of Web 2.0 social educational networks (such as Edmodo and Discord) and Web 3.0 intelligent learning systems (based on blockchain and artificial intelligence) on the development of students’ cognitive activity. It examines the key pedagogical conditions necessary for the effective integration of these technologies into the educational process. Particular attention is paid to the transformation of the teacher’s role: from a facilitator of group interaction in Web 2.0 to a tutor supporting personalized learning in a Web 3.0 environment. The study includes an analysis of the advantages and limitations of both technological paradigms, as well as the prospects for their convergence in the context of the digitalization of education.

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the municipal policy aimed at improving the quality of life in the municipality of Krasnodar. The study covers 2023–2024 period and is based on regional statistics, regulatory legal acts of the Krasnodar administration, and results of quality of life ratings. Key methodologies and indicators used to assess the effectiveness of socio-economic policies are examined, including quality of life indices, unemployment rates, accessibility of social infrastructure, and the implementation of job quota programs. Special attention is paid to the role of digitalization in municipal governance and the adaptation of strategic planning to modern challenges. The results demonstrate a steady improvement in the quality of life in Krasnodar, which maintained high positions in the all-Russian regional ranking, while also highlighting problem areas such as ecology and business conditions in the city. Recommendations are provided to optimize municipal policy based on best practices from other Russian regions and modern trends in urban environment development.

The article examines the current state, challenges, and prospects for the development of green transport in Kyrgyzstan. It analyzes issues related to infrastructure, the cost of eco-friendly vehicles, government support, and dependence on imports. The article also suggests possible solutions, such as infrastructure development, subsidization of electric vehicles, promotion of alternative transport, and attraction of investments.