<p class="AGGAbstract"><span lang="sr-Cyrl-BA">The process of infill within the built environment represents a fundamental and increasingly indispensable approach to sustainable societal and environmental development. Although rooted in past practices and experiences of modern urbanization, its methodological frameworks must be continuously reinterpreted in response to climate change and contemporary modes of living. In this context, the re-examination of both architectural heritage and professional practice becomes essential, ensuring that sensitivity, creativity, and innovation remain central to design strategies.</span></p> <p class="AGGAbstract"><span lang="sr-Cyrl-BA">This paper examines the evolving approaches to integrating new structures within existing built environments, arguing that such integration should arise not only from aesthetic alignment with the surrounding context but also from the dynamic interplay between interior and exterior spaces, reflecting both everyday practices and environmental change. Focusing on three residential projects in small-scale urban environments, the study employs a methodological framework based on the analysis of ambient conditions, design principles, and spatial outcomes. The findings demonstrate how urban infill can simultaneously preserve the character of local communities while meeting contemporary functional and environmental demands.</span></p>

<p>On December 29, 2020, a shallow magnitude 6.2 earthquake struck northern Croatia near Petrinja. This earthquake was preceded by a strong foreshock with a magnitude of 5. In response to the Petrinja earthquake, a team of European geologists and engineers from Croatia, Slovenia, France, Italy, and Greece was promptly mobilized to conduct a thorough assessment of the environmental impact of the earthquake. Their observations in the Petrinja area revealed surface deformation, tectonic breaks along the earthquake source at the surface, liquefaction features in the fluvial plains of the Kupa, Glina, and Sava rivers, and slope failures caused by strong motion. However, with the analysis of geodetic data, the team concluded that the field measurements largely underestimated the total coseismic deformation at the surface: a large part has been distributed and diffused off the main fault. Liquefaction extended over nearly 600 km<sup>2</sup> around the epicenter, with the typology of liquefaction features including sand blows, lateral spreading phenomenon spreads along the road and river embankments, and sand ejecta of different grain sizes and matrices. After a series of investigations along the 2020 earthquake causative fault, we documented several paleo-ruptures during the Holocene and evidenced a cumulative strike-slip fault displacement all along the Petrinja Pokupsko Fault (PPF), including a few of those segments which did not rupture in 2020. Based on the Croatian experience of the last three years, we stress that further detailed studies, including neotectonics, paleoseismological and geophysical investigations, could bring new relevant information on the seismic activity and seismic hazards in the regional fault zone, the southern continuation of the PPF, along the related fault zone that stretches towards Kostajnica.</p>

<p>This paper portrays the room as the fundamental beginning of architecture, exploring how our earliest spatial memories shape the way we perceive and understand architectural space. Drawing on Louis Kahn's philosophical reflections on the room as architecture's elemental unit, the insights of Peter Zumthor and other architects on childhood memories, and empirical evidence from 78 architecture students' representations of their earliest spatial recollections, this paper explores the formative role of early spatial perception in the development of architectural consciousness. Our analysis identifies seven recurring themes in spatial memory that resonate with Kahn's theoretical framework: the primacy of light and openings, the significance of haptic experience, child-scale perception, the room as a refuge, the integration of organic elements, spaces defined by movement, and rooms activated by human presence. These findings suggest that architectural theory is rooted not merely in intellectual construction but in universal human experience. The room emerges as a complex constellation of memory, identity, and embodied experience—an elemental starting point from which architecture evolves both individually and collectively.</p>

<p>Reinforcing soil for foundations or embankments is crucial for ensuring structural stability and longevity. Many methods are used in Geotechnics to reinforce soils, which can be broadly categorized into chemical processes and mechanical approaches. Furthermore, reinforcing soils with fibres is an effective technique in geotechnical engineering to enhance the mechanical properties of soils, such as their strength, stiffness, and resistance to deformation. Despite significant research in this area, the stabilization of clay soils remains a dynamic and evolving field, with ongoing efforts to explore innovative materials, advanced techniques, and sustainable practices to address the challenges associated with problematic soils in construction and infrastructure development. This research aims to improve the geotechnical characteristics of very plastic clay by a combined stabilization: lime treatment at a minimum dosage and reinforcement with PVC (polyvinyl chloride )-type plastic fibres of different sizes from industrial waste. The study involves a comprehensive approach to soil stabilization by first characterizing the reference clay material, then enhancing its properties through lime pre-treatment and reinforcement with plastic waste, followed by assessing the geotechnical properties through various tests: bearing capacity, compressibility and direct shear tests. As a result, Californian Bearing Ratio (CBR)  immersion tests revealed that mixtures of treated clay and PVC fibres achieve acceptable bearing capacity under low and medium compaction energies without requiring intense compaction. Furthermore, Unconsolidated undrained shear tests highlighted the short-term behavioural improvements from combining lime treatment with PVC fibres, while œdometric tests demonstrated their positive impact on the swelling and compression of plastic clays. Through this experimental study, it can be concluded that the treatment of clay with lime at minimum dosage and the reinforcement of its structure with the addition of PVC waste is an interesting technical solution for the improvement of clay soil behaviour.</p>

<p>The following paper provides research analysis on the influence of wind on a building, considering the regional and local climate conditions, to improve dynamic stability and reduce wind disruption effects on high-rise reinforced concrete buildings. The main aspect of disturbance in living conditions is caused by wind loads on the building. The data is based on structural analysis, generated by the “Lira CAD 2013” ​​software, for a construction project of a 19-story residential building, completed in Georgia’s capital Tbilisi, 58 Kavtaradze St., in accordance with the given necessary requirements and restrictions by general terms and conditions of the Georgian state law. Computer aided modeling provides the ability to simulate and define parameters caused by the wind disruption on an actual site. Calculation process is based on variables specified by state law for each region of the country. Modified accelerations which have been caused by wind in multi-story, high-rise buildings have significantly greater values on upper floors, and reaching the edges ​​​​of the minimum living comfort criteria. The given study features the estimation for high-rise buildings under various combinations of loads. High-rise buildings have gone under significant restrictions due to use of conventional rigid frames as structural elements in the construction process. That process tends to develop a series of new research and findings for proper architectural forms, which became possible using the new generation of fast digital computing software and hardware.</p>

<p class="Abstract" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="sr-Cyrl-BA">In this paper, three case studies of various nature</span><span lang="sr-Latn-BA" style="mso-ansi-language: #181A;">s</span><span lang="sr-Cyrl-BA">, scale</span><span lang="sr-Latn-BA" style="mso-ansi-language: #181A;">s</span><span lang="sr-Cyrl-BA"> and position</span><span lang="sr-Latn-BA" style="mso-ansi-language: #181A;">s</span><span lang="sr-Cyrl-BA"> within the discipline are identified and analyzed as exemplary of Vojvodina in the discussion of large-scale projects of socialist Yugoslavia. </span><span lang="sr-Latn-BA" style="mso-ansi-language: #181A;">The i</span><span lang="sr-Cyrl-BA">nterpretive-historical method is used to describe and interpret the case studies, while primary sources are subjected to qualitative content analysis in order to extract the underlying narratives of these projects, as well as to establish their position more firmly in the field. The first one is the Grand Canal Danube-Tisa-Danube (<i>DTD</i> waterway), the biggest spatial project of Vojvodina, conceptualized by the engineer Nikola Mirkov </span><span lang="sr-Latn-BA" style="mso-ansi-language: #181A;">in</span><span lang="sr-Cyrl-BA"> 1947 a</span><span lang="sr-Latn-BA" style="mso-ansi-language: #181A;">nd</span><span lang="sr-Cyrl-BA"> completed by </span><span lang="sr-Latn-BA" style="mso-ansi-language: #181A;">the </span><span lang="sr-Cyrl-BA">early 1980s. The second is the case of two plans for road and railway networks in Vojvodina by the architect Dimitrije Marinković, from his 1950 General Plan of Novi Sad, which proved to be more visionary than plans made by spatial planning institutions </span><span lang="sr-Latn-BA" style="mso-ansi-language: #181A;">since</span><span lang="sr-Cyrl-BA">. The third case is a network of memorial graveyards <i>Rohalj Baze</i> (1973) and <i>Jabuka</i> (1974) on the Fruška Gora mountain by the architect Milorad Berbakov, as an example of a new landscape-based paradigm of Yugoslav memorial architecture in Vojvodina. The questions discussed in this paper are</span><span lang="sr-Latn-BA" style="mso-ansi-language: #181A;"> as follows:</span><span lang="sr-Cyrl-BA"> 1) the importance of narratives for the success of a project; 2) the expanded definition of projects to include networks; 3) arts as networks (with <i>Neoplanta Film</i> as a showcase); 4) the creative output of individual creators versus institutions.</span></p>

<p class="Abstract" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Structures supporting the slopes of the foundation pit were installed in a densely built-up city area. Geological studies had been carried out, and based on the conclusion, the design of reinforcing the pit was prepared for the first time along the outer perimeter with interlocked steel piles. Due to the insufficient length (12 m) of the steel pile sheets, additional column constructions were used, which created a spatial supporting frame of the pit, ensuring the stability of the pit’s slopes.</span></p>

<p>The aim of this paper is to investigate the daylight performance in an Austro-Hungarian heritage building located in Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The building was originally used as a military headquarters and was later reused for administration and educational functions. The measurement of daylight was performed in a representative room-office in the building. The measurement results are discussed with respect to international standards and in relation to the specific architecture of the building. Furthermore, the simulation of the daylight performance was performed by using the Design Builder software.</p>

<p>Complex social changes, mobility, progressive information and communication technological advancement, as global achievements of the modern era, lead to the transformation of space at the local level and change of the identity patterns of a place. Starting from the problem of loss of identity features of a place or inability to identify them in the contemporary context, through an extensive review of theoretical sources, the paper seeks to understand the meaning of both the spirit of place and the spirit of time. The model presented in the paper as a synthesis of theoretical research and the preferred approach to the resuscitation of the spirit of place, introduces new layers of meaning and interpretation of the spirit of place in a modern context, and is based on three key principles: assimilation, acculturation and adaptation.</p>

<p><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: 'Noto Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;">There are more than forty projects for building Orthodox churches preserved in the Archives of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Sarajevo. Presented here are four projects for the churches with domes and one for three-conchal building with no dome.</span><br style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: 'Noto Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;" /><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: 'Noto Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;">The oldest projects are those of Višegrad (dated from 1882) and Zenica (dated from 1889), which represents the church built between 1883-1885. Name of the architect remains unknown in both cases– a project for the church in Višegrad is not signed and signatures of Franz Blazek and perhaps Miloš Komadina on a project for the church in Zenica are not a proof of them being the authors. Projects testify the wishes of the church patrons for their temples to show connection with the Serbian sacral architecture of the 13th century (Višegrad) or to visually manifest growing economic power and social standing of the Serbian Orthodox community, building their church similar to the cathedral in Sarajevo (Zenica). Project for the St Sava church in Blažuj was created in 1895/96, following wishes of the patrons, representatives of the Church community. Project of August Butschа embodied the idea of national recognition in historicist neo-byzantine style created by famous architect of historicism Teophil Hansen, which was back in the time generally recognized as a neo-Byzantine style, and in this specific case as an Orthodox and Serbian one. “Serbian-Byzantine style” of the mausoleum chapel of Lower Tuzla merchants Jovanovićs at Trnovac was almost for sure initiated by their wishes, and the chapel was built in 1889 by well-thought design of the architect Franz Blazek. Neo-Moravska three-conchal basis of Vodjenica church, projected in 1911 by Milos Miladinovic, can be considered as an aspiration of the church patrons to have their temple look like Mostanica.</span><br style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: 'Noto Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;" /><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: 'Noto Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;">Projects presented can be considered as rare testimonies to the role that “carriers of the patronage mechanism in the process of originating and forming of the church architecture” had in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Austro-Hungarian period, when the lack of national state resulted in lack of a clear view of the sacral construction forms that would express its identity.</span></p>