Abstract: This study aims to explore the role of spirituality among mothers receiving the Family Hope Program (PKH) assistance in strengthening psychological resilience within the family, particularly amidst local socio-cultural pressures. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, 12 informants were purposively selected from three rural villages in Lamongan Regency, East Java. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and field notes, and analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis method. The findings revealed four main themes: (1) spirituality as a source of emotional strength and hope, (2) religious rituals as coping mechanisms, (3) faith-based communities as sources of social support, and (4) spiritual meaning as a tool for managing family conflict. These themes demonstrate that spirituality plays a vital role not only in emotional regulation but also in shaping adaptive behaviors, enhancing social solidarity, and providing constructive interpretations of hardship and household tensions. The study underscores the importance of incorporating spiritual approaches into PKH-based family empowerment programs to enhance emotional well-being and strengthen family resilience holistically. Keywords: spirituality, psychological resilience, PKH Abstract: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran spiritualitas ibu penerima Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) dalam membangun ketahanan psikologis keluarga, khususnya di tengah tekanan sosial dan budaya lokal. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologis, sebanyak 12 informan dipilih secara purposive dari tiga desa di Kabupaten Lamongan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan pencatatan lapangan, yang dianalisis menggunakan metode tematik Braun dan Clarke. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan empat tema utama: (1) spiritualitas sebagai penguat emosi dan harapan, (2) ritual keagamaan sebagai mekanisme coping, (3) komunitas keagamaan sebagai sumber dukungan sosial, dan (4) makna spiritual sebagai penyeimbang konflik keluarga. Keempat tema tersebut menunjukkan bahwa spiritualitas berperan tidak hanya dalam penguatan emosi, tetapi juga dalam membentuk perilaku adaptif, membangun solidaritas sosial, serta menyusun makna konstruktif atas penderitaan dan konflik rumah tangga. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya integrasi pendekatan spiritual dalam program pemberdayaan keluarga miskin berbasis PKH, terutama dalam mendukung keseimbangan emosional dan ketahanan keluarga secara menyeluruh. Keywords: spiritualitas, ketahanan psikologis, PKH

Abstract: This study examines the role of religion in shaping social identity through Hadith learning in the violations of Malang Regency, East Java. This study analyses how the teaching of Hadith in these places of worship affects individuals' perceptions of themselves and their communities. The research methodology involves in-depth interviews with teachers and pilgrims and content analysis of the learning materials used. The results of this study revealed that the practice of Hadith learning in Malang Regency has a significant role in shaping individual social identity. This manifests itself in the influence of religion on social norms, values, and community solidarity. The research also highlights the critical role of teachers in conveying religious messages and how these messages influence individual understanding and identity. This research provides in-depth insights into the complexity of the relationship between religion and social identity in the context of local communities. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the role of religion in shaping social identity and guide learning efforts, as well as a better understanding of religion in diverse societies. Keywords: Religion, Social Identity, Hadith Learning, Langgar, East Java

Abstract: Sholat is one of the commands that are obligatory for all Muslims. Sholat must be carried out regularly every day. The position of Sholat in Islam occupies a position that cannot be matched by other worship. Mentally retarded children who are Muslim also have an obligation to pray like normal children . This causes problems because mentally retarded children have difficulty understanding the procedures for performing prayers properly, so they are not able to perform prayers properly according to Islamic guidance. The research was conducted qualitatively descriptively with data collection tools using interviews, observations, and documents. The results of the study, Islamic Religious Education in class X SLB YPPABK Ngawi "Learning prayer uses core competencies with adjustments between the material and its characteristics. This is done so that mentally retarded students are able to understand the core concepts of Sholat, such as the number of rak'ahs and core readings. The implementation of Sholat learning in class X SLB YPPABK Ngawi starts from ablution practice, prayer practice, lectures and assignments are carried out by continuing to provide direction in addition to learning Sholat at school the role of the family, especially parents, also greatly affects the learning outcomes of Sholat for mentally retarded students.
 Abstract: Ibadah shalat adalah salah satu perintah yang diwajibkan bagi semua umat Islam Ibadah shalat harus dilakukan rutin setiap hari.Kedudukan shalat dalam Islam menempati kedudukan yang tidak dapat ditandingi oleh ibadah lainnya.Anak tunagrahita yang beragama islam juga mempunyai kewajiban untuk melaksanakan shalat seperti anak normal. Hal ini menimbulkan permasalahan karena anak tunagrahita sulit memahami tata cara melakukan shalat dengan baik, sehingga kurang mampu melaksanakan shalat dengan baik sesuai tuntunan Islam.Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pembelajaran sholat dengan metode adaptif untuk anak tunagrahita di SLB YPPABK Ngawi. Penelitian dilakukan secara kualitatif diskriptif dengan alat pengumpul data menggunakan wawancara,observasi, dan dokumen. Hasil penelitian, Pendidikan Agama Islam di kelas X SLB YPPABK Ngawi “Pembelajaran shalat menggunakan kompetensi inti dengan penyesuaian antara materi dengan karakteristiknya. Hal ini dilakukan agar siswa tunagrahita mampu mengerti konsep inti shalat misal jumlah rekaat dan bacaan inti”.Pelaksanaan pembelajaran shalat di kelas X SLB YPPABK Ngawi mulai dari praktek wudhu, praktek shalat, ceramah dan pemberian tugas dilaksanakan dengan terus memberikan arahan selain pembelajaran shalat di sekolah peran keluarga terutama orang tua juga sangat mempengaruhi hasil pembelajaran shalat bagi siswa tunagrahita.
 

This study aims to find out the problems of education and learning in SMA Negeri 12 Kerinci and SMA Negeri 7 Kerinci. The research used is qualitative research with case study method. Data collection techniques in the form of observations, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study can be concluded that SMA Negeri 12 Kerinci experienced educational and learning problems, namely the lack of facilities and infrastructure of science laboratories, lack of computers for the National Computer-Based Examination (UNBK), and the lack of activeness of students in the teaching and learning process. SMA Negeri 7 Kerinci has problems with education and learning, namely the lack of management of school facilities and infrastructure and the lack of learning media in the teaching and learning process.

Kekerasan yang terjadi terhadap anak dan perempuan tanpa kita sadari sering dilakukan oleh orang orang dewasa. Padahal mereka adalah orang yang memiliki tugas sebagai pelindung anak dan perempuan yang paling utama. Parahnya sebuah survei menyatakan 60 % wanita (ibu ) lebih sering melakukan kekerasan dari pada laki laki (ayah). begitu pula dengan tindak kekerasan terhadap perempuan,yang dimana kebanyakan yang menjadi pelaku adalah orang orang yang berada paling dekat dengan mereka, seperti ayah dan juga suami. Terdapat beberapa hal yang melatar belakangi mengapa kekerasan terhadap anak lebih banyak dilakukan oleh seorang ibu, diantaranya adalah stress dan juga kenangan masa lalu yang suram. Kekerasan terhadap anak dan perempuan itu dapat menyebabkan berbagai macam dampak negatif, diantaranya ialah fisik maupun psikis. Bahkan kekerasan terhadap anak dan perempuan itu memiliki dampak yang sangat berbahaya, yaitu dapat menyebabkan kematian terhadap korban. Dampak lainnya yang juga berbahaya ialah trauma yang berkepanjangan, dikhawatirkan hal tersebut akan memicu adanya pengulangan tindakan kekerasan yang pernah dialaminya, yang menjadi korban adalah anak anak mereka dimasa depan. Pelaku tindakan kekerasan ditindak tegas dalam peraturan perundang-undangan. peraturan tidak memandang bulu, walaupun pelaku adalah orang tuaq sendir tetap di tindak dengan tegas guna meminimalisir dan juga menghentikan tindakan kekerasan yang kerap terjadi. 

This paper tries to understand the "Merdeka Belajar" policy program launched by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia in the light of constructivism philosophy. Constructivism is a philosophi that assumes that knowledge is self-construction. Because the nature and learning outcomes are subjective, and depend on each individual, also uncertain, for one's constructivism entity and are more easily recognized by the term "Clutter Paradigm". There are parallels between what was proclaimed by Mas Minister Nadiem Makarim and the concept of education according to the philosophy of the concept of constructivism. Both of them emphasize the aspects of freedom, independence, and flexibility of educational institutions in understanding the competence of students. Learning arrangement with a chaotic approach so that students can be safe, comfortable, and easy to learn. Students as learning subjects –learner control play an important role in structuring the learning. The initiative of children as learners to learn –the willingness to learn- will die when faced with many rules that do not exist in the learning process. It takes freedom, reality, as well as positive attitudes and perceptions of learning as basic capital in the danger of learning initiatives that ultimately result in success in learning.

This study discusses the analysis of rewording in the form of stickers with star images, in increasing the duration of sitting endurance for autistic students during the learning process. This study used an experimental method with a single subject research approach. The subject of this study was a class VI autistic student who had a low duration of sitting resistance during the learning process in the classroom. Researchers made observations during seventeen meetings, all data were obtained through observation, interviews and action tests which were presented in graphic form. To measure the duration of sitting endurance, the researcher used a stopwarch analysis tool. Overall the results of the research on the initial conditions for five meetings were 2 minutes, 2 minutes, 4 minutes, 3 minutes 3 minutes. Furthermore, in the intervention condition during the seven meetings the researcher gave reword in the form of a star sticker image, the results were 4 minutes, 3 minutes, 4 minutes, 6 minutes, 5 minutes, 7 minutes, 8 minutes. At baseline A2 conditions obtained dudu resistance results After being given the treatment, namely 5 minutes, 5 minutes, 6 minutes, 7 minutes, 9 minutes. The results of this study prove that giving rewords in the form of star stickers in the learning process can increase the duration of sitting endurance for autistic students, but it is necessary to develop further research in this problem in different contexts and issues.

Early childhood education started prenatal phase or in the womb, which based on the research behind it is still a lot of older people who did not understand about the start of education towards early childhood, especially in the world of Islamic education. Many scientific studies such as the biological sciences, medicine, and developmental psychology that discusses parenting children against in the womb. Islam actually any review about child development that starts from the process of creating it, upbringing in the womb, to parenting in the family. But the fact that many people still do not know. This research used the qualitative research methodology, sampling done to families and pregnant mother on neighborhood institution ma'arif Metro City of Lampung. The formulation of the problem is, how parenting parents, learning materials and educational perspective of islam against the child in the content of prenatal period. The results of this study explain about parenting and the material provided on Islamic education perspective turned out to give the development and growth of the child in the womb to the prenatal phase. As for parenting and the material provided by prayer, morality and morals, listens to chanting the qur'an, pattern language, creed and Shari'ah.

Abstract: Sexual violence in early childhood is prevalent and shows an increasing prevalence. The impact caused by the occurrence of sexual violence experienced will affect the mental health of the victim. Therefore, early childhood needs to be saved from incidents of sexual violence because children are the future owners of the nation. Thus, the importance of equipping children with knowledge, attitudes and skills about themselves and their bodies to prevent sexual violence. The researchers in this study aim to produce Reproductive Organ Assertive Comics for early childhood and test the validity of assertive comics with the theme "Body Parts" as an effort to prevent sexual violence in young children. This research uses the design of Research and Development (R&D). There are ten stages carried out in this study. In this paper the researcher discusses only the content validity test of three expert judgments. Based on the results of the assessment of expert judgment, it was found that the comic assertive of reproductive organs (the prevention of sexual violence) with the theme "Parts of the Body" was appropriate to be used as an effort to prevent sexual violence for young children.

Abstract: This article is a book review created by Ibtisam Abu-Duhou's entitled School Based Management. This is very representative book as one of the main references in understanding the school-based management (SBM) concept, since it was compiled at the very beginning when the SBM concept was introduced in Indonesia. This book consists of five chapters. The discussion begins with a review of the basic concepts, origins and character of SBM decentralization. The first chapter examines the main character of reforms and education management aspects relatively centralistic and decentralized. The second chapter discusses some research in English-speaking countries to provide answers and concrete evidence from the SBM movement. The third chapter describes the radical overall implementation of SBM in Victoria, Australia. The fourth chapter provides an example of the approach and efforts made by policy makers in identifying problems. The fifth chapter elaborates further on the material in the previous chapters to summarize the reform main characters. One consequence of implementing SBM is the realization of community participation, even as spirit and substance. Community participation is a concept of school empowerment in order to improve the quality and school independence. In implementing the SBM concept, community participation has many forms, both in educational, cultural or institutional interaction patterns.