ABSTRACT: The lead role and the morphological diversity of streets, avenues and seashore drives that conform the articulation line between city and water on Portuguese coastal settlements is acknowledged. The dynamic inherent to the urban object underlines the fact that the present state is just a transitory moment in the evolution of these elements. In this context, several studies on climate change acknowledge the gradual but inevitable sea level rising, and warn on its effects on urban and humanized areas. The convergence of research units of the University of Lisbon on urban morphology and on climate change allow stemming from the morphological knowledge on the origin, evolution and current state of the diversity of Portuguese Atlantic Seashore Streets, for the design of innovative solutions of adaptation measures and pathways to an expected and urgent scenario of sea-level rising. The research main goal is building a reference framework for interventions in each case, therefore site specific, with attention to the cultural and patrimonial values that make up each context, but with potential to define a methodology of approach and to typify operations or actions adaptable to similar contexts. The present state of these elements is understood as the result of a sedimentary evolution process in time. Therefore, the ongoing first phase of the research project on Portuguese Atlantic Seashore Streets deals with the interpretative reading through systemic decomposition of layers underlining Form, Function and Role of the state of evolution of each element and its relation to the urban settlement and to the sea. Departing from a generic characterization of the origin and evolution of these elements, the present paper uses the current pilot case studies of Sesimbra and Cascais to demonstrate the instrumental role of drawing for reading and interpreting the selected seashore streets. KEYWORDS: seashore streets, climate change adaptation, sea level rise, urban morphology, systemic decomposition.

ABSTRACT: The link between place and identity is not stagnant or fixed. It changes over time, influenced by social and political changes and ethical developments, from one generation to another. What was important to remember (or commemorate) yesterday may not have the same significance tomorrow. What we see as right and just now may be viewed as wrong or obsolete in a decade or two. So, what do we do when the storyline changes? In our current political climate, the question about the validity of certain historic monuments, their context, their meaning for various groups and our handling of these at times uncomfortable monuments gained unexpected relevance. Suddenly the question becomes important what to do with these memories, with monuments and buildings that clearly reference a certain time or nationalistic expression and that today leave us with an uncomfortable aftertaste. This abbreviated version of the paper explores the questions posed above by looking at Germany as one example of where the people had to grapple with the role and impact of collective memory, of public monuments and architecture that are freighted with heavy past. German history since 1871 is filled with fractures of political, cultural and social orders that forced the definition and re-definition of what to remember and how to remember appropriately by its politicians and citizens. The paper will retrace the changes in significance and how authorities and the public dealt with buildings of historic significance in two locations of Berlin as examples from a larger range of buildings and monuments the author is investigating in context of the topic. They give an overview how uncomfortable monuments were treated in a country with turbulent past. KEYWORDS: Berlin, architecture, symbolism, perception, monument, politics, history

ABSTRACT: If happiness is associated with concepts of full-living, and if full-living is associated with city life, the tasks of architecture relative to the city assume an ethical cast. A better understanding of that nexus –full living, urbanity, city, architecture”will help inform those tasks, but the interrelation of those ideas is not obvious, and conventional presumptions regarding those relationships are inadequate. Despite conventional conflation of the two terms, cities do not guarantee urban living: even a dense, expansive city might lack or only weakly exhibit qualities associated with urbanity. A partial explanation for this non-synonymy between city and urbanity is that inasmuch as cities are physically composed of architectural works, neither does architecture guarantee urbanity: as with the city of which it is a part, a building, even if successful in other ways, might neglect or eschew provision of conditions conducive to urbanity. Much like a dining table's essentiality to certain social structures of the meal, architecture is essential to the structure, character, and perpetuation of urbanity. Of the many sets of architectural questions that emerge from those premises, two are primary. If detachable from concepts of city, how should we understand the term urbanity? And, what kinds of architectural attentions effectively engage urbanity and render it more available, more probable? In short, what is urbanity and what is its architecture? As a preliminary move toward exploring those questions, this paper turns to Sverre Fehn's Hamar Museum (1972). An unlikely building to bring to consideration of the architecture of urban life, a strong and purposeful concern for urbanity is nevertheless evident in its architect's thinking and design. Fehn's project helps inform an understanding of the nature of urbanity, and shows how an architectural concern for urban situations manifests at the scale of a building, from conceptual approach to the finest of constructed details. KEYWORDS: city, Fehn, culture, history, theory, ethics

ABSTRACT: This study explores establishing a theoretical connection between wellness programs and the built environment based on the WELL Building Standard, aiming to identify affordable building strategies which can support wellness program implementation. First, this study outlines the process of building a wellness program designed under both U.S. regulations and programs designed by wellness program providers. Second, existing wellness programs are broken down by respective categories in the outlined structure. Third, the categorical concepts and criteria of the WELL Building Standard are arranged according to the established categories and programs. Fourth, overlaps between the subdivided wellness programs and the WELL Building Standard are compared to identified elements of existing wellness programs. Finally, this paper suggests the incorporation of the WELL Building Standard into wellness programs by changing the paradigm of the built environment from an environmental context to an active contributor to a wellness program. KEYWORDS: Workplace, WELL Building Standard, Wellness Program, Health, Built Environment

This paper presents an understanding of Jorn Utzon, as one of the most profound exponents of a transcultural and tectonic approach to modern architecture in the late twentieth century. The paper will examine the sources of inspiration, intersections and connections in Utzon’s architecture; which have been informed by his understanding of boat-building, reference to nature, extensive travels and broad transcultural influences; as an exemplary paradigm for humane, poetic and innovative contemporary architecture. Jorn Utzon’s architecture ranges from the modest to the monumental; from the Kingo courtyard houses, the finest Scandinavian example of humane housing, to the sculptural abstraction and technical innovation of the Sydney Opera House; an iconic work of modern architecture that has come to symbolize not only a city, but also a multi-cultural nation, due to its highly original and innovative synthesis of many diverse and non-Western cultural influences, in specific relation to its context. Utzon’s work embodies a visionary approach to architecture that is site specific and poetic, tectonic and humane; informed by a profound appreciation of nature and diversity of human cultures, as sources of inspiration and analogy, combined with an intuitive sense of architecture as art and a pragmatic, yet innovative approach to the use of technology pushed, according to Utzon to the “edge of the possible,” that is ever more relevant today.

The shipping container is one of the primary agents of globalization. An object that gains importance through its role in infrastructure, the container’s success is due to its ability to work in preexisting national transportation systems, within the identity and space of the nation-state. But in the process those systems are globalized, as the infrastructure that once functioned at the national scale, serving the priorities of the nation-state, is now reoriented to serve international routes of trade and global agendas. The impact of the container on the American trucking and railroad systems is an example. Yet globalization is not merely a top-down phenomenon, and nations and local places have the power to affect global space and to reshape this new worldwide container infrastructure. The study of infrastructure, and more particularly the container, is especially valuable for what it reveals about these ongoing processes. This in turn helps shed light on the dynamics of our global era, and reveals the strengths and weaknesses of some contemporary theories of globalization. The global, national and local are interrelated in a nuanced engagement, in which no one factor is dominant.

In the urban agglomerate of Fez, the old medina is distinguished by its extended and vital historical space. Despite a long process of deterioration, the urban heritage of the old medina has conserved its authenticity especially in the historical part that hosts an array of touristic projects. Funded by the World Bank, an integrated project has been set off in order to end the isolation of this part of the city. The present article is an attempt to contribute to the goal of characterizing the problem related to urban heritage rehabilitation in the historical part of the city of Fez. We discuss and diagnose the process of activating the rehabilitation of urban heritage by studying the initiatives related to the construction of guest houses, which are traditional hotels that vary in terms of luxury. In this work, we consider that urban projects constitute an interactive and multidimensional result of the rehabilitation process and the built urban heritage practices within a supposed relationship with the neighboring environment i.e. what is locally referred to as the alley or derb”. In this context, we try to detect the different compatibilities between private investors' initiatives and general public orientations. We expect that a deep analysis will either confirm or refute our main hypothesis in which we assume that there is a possibility of restructuring the internal fabric of urbanization” in the historic medina. At the level of methodology, we adopt a qualitative approach based on extensive fieldwork in order to respond to the elements of the problematic, taking into account the complex and multidimensional character of the subject and its scientific projection. At the level of the general results of the study, the analysis of the representation and practices of urban heritage projects stresses the valorization of the process of significant positive practices.

The paper studies the Active House vision and the Active House Specification work-in-progress to identify what parameters to measure when measuring sustainable homes of the future. The approach is based on a Mixed Methods research strategy where measurements are related to both quantitative and qualitative aspects in relation to the categories Energy, Indoor climate and Environment. The what to measure part of the paper results in a matrix that lists the measurement parameters. On basis of the measurement parameters a set of methods are compiled into a matrix that defines how to measure regarding quantitative and qualitative aspects. These methods imply Logging and data handling in Excel, Luminance mapping, Cultural Probes, Semi-structured Interviews, Observation, Self-experience studies and photo registration. The paper presents two matrices on what and how to measure sustainable homes. The paper is concluded with the assumption that exploring seven experimental sustainable homes will result in knowledge and learning to develop a holistic assessment method for evaluation sustainable homes of the future.

The simple task of navigating from one point to another involves multiple functions and is more complex than it appears to be. In order to travel from one point to another, a person employs different types of knowledge, defined as spatial knowledge, which facilitates the ability of wayfinding. The ability to acquire spatial knowledge can be enhanced by increasing the imageabiliy of the environment. This environmental characteristic could be linked to an important human behavior, the sense of belonging, the feeling of belonging to a group or a place. Previous literature has reported the significance of sense of belonging for psychological, social, and physical well being. A higher level of sense of belonging to a place can yield valuable results especially to an academic environment such as achieving better academic standing, closer relationships with peers, and elevated self confidence. Since sense of belonging deals greatly with the surrounding environment, it is necessary for educational facilities to have unique design characteristics to increase the different levels of spatial knowledge. This study focuses on the impact of spatial knowledge for a university campus on sense of belonging among college students. The study was conducted on 63 undergraduate students from the Department of Architectural Studies in University of Missouri. An eight-point likert scale questionnaire was devised to measure the college students’ level of sense of belonging to University of Missouri and their Spatial knowledge on the university. Identifying the relationship between spatial knowledge and sense of belonging relates to understanding the connection between university students and their environments. This knowledge will prove invaluable in providing the ideal academic environment by creating settings for students which are more imageable as well as navigable. It was found that landmark and route knowledge were significantly predicting sense of belonging. Further findings were discussed in the paper.