Ant-plant interactions mediated by special structures provided by plants such as domatia, extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) and food bodies, are very frequent in tropical ecosystems. To understand why ants are frequently encountered on most species of Carapa Aubl. (Meliaceae), we investigated the presence of extranuptial nectaries (ENNs) in all 27 species of the genus, spanning its entire distributional range in tropical Africa and America. We report for the first time in the genus the occurrence of extrafloral nectaries (at the base of the petiole, along the rachis of the pinnately compound leaf, on bracts) petaline nectaries (on the outer surface of petals), and pericarpial nectaries (on the surface of fruits), and confirm the presence of nectaries on leaflets in Carapa. Petiolar nectaries are the most common, occurring in 85% of the species. Nectaries were mainly active in young developing plant organs. Ants were observed foraging on exudates from these nectaries. The secretions from these glands help to explain the abundance of ants on Carapa trees. Although similar nectaries were also found in other members of the subfamily Cedreloideae, their position and frequency provide new characters for the identification of Carapa species in the field and the herbarium. As in other myrmecophilous plants, ENNs probably confer adaptive advantages to Carapa trees.

ABSTRACT The application of the name Hexalobus jussiaeanus Baill. has remained unclear since its original publication in 1868. The type, and sole basis of the species, is a specimen in the Jussieu Herbarium in Paris that lacks any information on its origins. The Jussieu specimen is found to be a collection of Uvaria narum (Dunal) Blume (Annonaceae), a species from southern India and Sri Lanka. Hexalobus jussiaeanus should therefore be considered a junior synonym of Uvaria narum.

Adiantum papilio Rakotondr. & Hemp, sp. nov. (Pteridophyta, Pteridaceae), a new endemic species from Madagascar.A new species of Adiantum (A. papilio Rakotondr. & Hemp, sp. nov.) is described and illustrated from the Antsiranana region in northern Madagascar. Unlike the others Adiantum L. species from Madagascar, A. papilio Rakotondr. & Hemp, sp. nov. has 1-pinnate fronds with opposite to subopposite pinnae. Its morphology is similar to A. balfourii Baker from Erythrea but with an erect rhizome, obdeltoid pinnae with lobed not denticulate margin, and oblong to round not linear indusia.

Ghahremaninejad, F., Bouissière, M., Deroin, T. (2014): Analyses d'ouvrages / Book reviews. Adansonia (3) 36 (1): 155-158, DOI: 10.5252/a2014n1a12

Breteler, Frans J. (2014): The identity and geography of Cola cauliflora Mast. (Malvaceae formerly Sterculiaceae) and its substitute for Gabon and the Republic of the Congo. Adansonia (3) 36 (1): 113-119, DOI: 10.5252/a2014n1a10, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/a2014n1a10

Roux, Jacobus P. (2014): Elaphoglossum nimbaense J.P.Roux, sp. nov. (Pteridophyta: Dryopteridaceae), a new fern species from Liberia, West Africa. Adansonia (3) 36 (1): 7-13, DOI: 10.5252/a2014n1a1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/a2014n1a1

The gross morphology as well as fruit morphological and anatomical characters of twenty four taxa of subfamily Apioideae was investigated to show their taxonomic location as compared to Drude's classification (1898). The classification of the studied taxa is summarised as follows: 1) Pimpinella L. of Drude's tribe Ammineae is segregated alone in a separate branch; 2) some of the genera of tribe Ammineae namely Ammi L., Apium L., Petroselinum Hill, Ridolfia Moris and Carum L. are agglomerated in subgroup I of group I; 3) Chaerophyllum L. of tribe Scandicineae subtribe Scandicinae, Torilis Adans. of tribe Scandicineae subtribe Caucalinae and Cuminum L. of tribe Ammineae are separated in the form of separate branches from subgroup I of group I; 4) Bifora Hoffm. and Coriandrum L. of tribe Coriandreae are also separated together in subgroup II of group I; 5) Anethum L. of tribe Ammineae and Malabaila Hoffm. of tribe Peucedaneae subtribe Tordyliinae are clustered with Foeniculum Mill. of tribe Ammineae in subgroup III of group I; 6) Daucus L. of tribe Dauceae and Pseudorlaya (Murb.) Murb. of tribe Scandicineae subtribe Caucalinae are clustered together in group II; and 7) Deverra DC. species and Bupleurum semicompositum L. of tribe Ammineae are clustered together in group III. The obtained data were numerically analyzed by the NTsys-PC program package using the UPGMA clustering method.

Randrianasolo, Armand, Lowry Ii, Porter P., Schatz, George E., Phillipson, Peter B., Wahlert, Gregory A. (2013): The lianescent species of Grewia L. (Malvaceae s.l., formerly Tiliaceae) in Madagascar. Adansonia (3) 35 (1): 73-85, DOI: 10.5252/a2013n1a7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/a2013n1a7

ABSTRACTS Four new species and one new variety in Thelypteridaceae from Madagascar — First record of the genus Pronephrium C.Presl in the Africano-Malagasy region. Four new species and one new variety in Thelypteridaceae Pic. Serm. from Madagascar are described: 1) Christella darainensis Rakotondr., sp. nov., similar to C. gueinziana (Mett.) Holttum, but distinguished by sterile and fertile fronds dimorphous, proximal pinnae slightly reduced, never auricled, and ultimate segments wider and with an obtuse apex separated by narrower sinuses; 2) Pronephrium fidelei Rakotondr., sp. nov., resembling Pronephrium firmulum (Baker) Holttum but differing by pinnae not auricled, and broad persistent indusia; 3) Pronephrium marojejyensis Rakotondr., sp. nov., near to Pneumatopteris blastophora (Alston) Holttum, differing by non-gemmiferous fronds and the presence of spherical glands on lamina and sporangia; 4) Pseudocyclosorus pulcher (Bory ex Willd.) Holttum var. squamata Rakotondr., var. nov. differing from var. pu...

ABSTRACT During the process of completing the Rubiaceae Juss. treatment for the Flora of the Guianas, two little-known taxa described from material collected in French Guiana, Mussaenda glomerulata Lam. ex Poir. and Octavia sessiliflora DC, needed to be studied in order to establish their true identity. Mussaenda glomerulata was first studied by Lamarck and later published by Poiret (1797), based on specimens collected by L. C. Richard; a specimen of M. glomerulata was found in the Lamarck herbarium, which is here selected as lectotype. Mussaenda glomerulata was concluded to be synonymous with Amaioua corymbosa Kunth. Because M. glomerulata has priority over Amaioua corymbosa, the new combination Amaioua glomerulata (Lam. ex Poir.) Delprete & C. Persson, comb. nov. is here proposed. The obscure Octavia DC. was published by Candolle based on specimens with ovaries and fruits. After a detailed analysis of the type specimens, we inferred that the flowers of Octavia are always terminal, although sometimes the...