The 2011 Arab uprisings began in North Africa and toppled the leaders of Tunisia and Libya, but the forces that wreaked this profound change also touched their fellow Maghreb states of Algeria and Morocco. This Adelphi book examines how the politics, security and economies – which were largely stable for decades prior to 2011 – have changed in the four states. It asks why the popular revolutions in Tunisia and Libya did not spread to Algeria and Morocco; how the revolutionary states have fared since 2011; why Libya descended into a deadly civil war while the others did not; and whether the sitting governments in Algeria and Morocco have applied sustainable strategies to address the new political climate.The book includes chapters on each of the four core Maghreb states, together with regional assessments of the jihadist threat and economic challenges. It analyses the tension between security and political reform, and argues that without persistent and comprehensive development of government institutions focused on creating jobs and providing security, the region risks future protests, terrorism or even revolution – a lesson that states throughout the Middle East should take to heart.

The 2011 Arab uprisings began in North Africa and toppled the leaders of Tunisia and Libya, but the forces that wreaked this profound change also touched their fellow Maghreb states of Algeria and Morocco. This Adelphi book examines how the politics, security and economies – which were largely stable for decades prior to 2011 – have changed in the four states. It asks why the popular revolutions in Tunisia and Libya did not spread to Algeria and Morocco; how the revolutionary states have fared since 2011; why Libya descended into a deadly civil war while the others did not; and whether the sitting governments in Algeria and Morocco have applied sustainable strategies to address the new political climate.The book includes chapters on each of the four core Maghreb states, together with regional assessments of the jihadist threat and economic challenges. It analyses the tension between security and political reform, and argues that without persistent and comprehensive development of government institutions focused on creating jobs and providing security, the region risks future protests, terrorism or even revolution – a lesson that states throughout the Middle East should take to heart.

The 2011 Arab uprisings began in North Africa and toppled the leaders of Tunisia and Libya, but the forces that wreaked this profound change also touched their fellow Maghreb states of Algeria and Morocco. This Adelphi book examines how the politics, security and economies – which were largely stable for decades prior to 2011 – have changed in the four states. It asks why the popular revolutions in Tunisia and Libya did not spread to Algeria and Morocco; how the revolutionary states have fared since 2011; why Libya descended into a deadly civil war while the others did not; and whether the sitting governments in Algeria and Morocco have applied sustainable strategies to address the new political climate.The book includes chapters on each of the four core Maghreb states, together with regional assessments of the jihadist threat and economic challenges. It analyses the tension between security and political reform, and argues that without persistent and comprehensive development of government institutions focused on creating jobs and providing security, the region risks future protests, terrorism or even revolution – a lesson that states throughout the Middle East should take to heart.

According to the 2002 Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea, all the signatories have undertaken to resolve their disagreements over the various disputes by peaceful means, ‘...

The 2003 invasion of Iraq was undertaken to dismantle a regime that had longthreatened its own population and regional peace, as well as to establish astable, democratic state in the heart of the Middle East. This Adelphi looksat the legacy of that intervention. It analyses the evolution of the insurgency,the descent into civil war and the ‘surge’ as a counter-insurgency strategy andexamines US and Iraqi efforts to reconstruct the state's military and civiliancapacity. This book seeks to answer three questions that are central to thecountry's future. Will it continue to suffer high levels of violence or even slideback into a vicious civil war? Will Iraq continue on a democratic path, asexemplified by the three competitive national elections held since 2005? Anddoes the new Iraq pose a threat to its neighbours?

The 2003 invasion of Iraq was undertaken to dismantle a regime that had longthreatened its own population and regional peace, as well as to establish astable, democratic state in the heart of the Middle East. This Adelphi looksat the legacy of that intervention. It analyses the evolution of the insurgency,the descent into civil war and the ‘surge’ as a counter-insurgency strategy andexamines US and Iraqi efforts to reconstruct the state's military and civiliancapacity. This book seeks to answer three questions that are central to thecountry's future. Will it continue to suffer high levels of violence or even slideback into a vicious civil war? Will Iraq continue on a democratic path, asexemplified by the three competitive national elections held since 2005? Anddoes the new Iraq pose a threat to its neighbours?

The 2003 invasion of Iraq was undertaken to dismantle a regime that had longthreatened its own population and regional peace, as well as to establish astable, democratic state in the heart of the Middle East. This Adelphi looksat the legacy of that intervention. It analyses the evolution of the insurgency,the descent into civil war and the ‘surge’ as a counter-insurgency strategy andexamines US and Iraqi efforts to reconstruct the state's military and civiliancapacity. This book seeks to answer three questions that are central to thecountry's future. Will it continue to suffer high levels of violence or even slideback into a vicious civil war? Will Iraq continue on a democratic path, asexemplified by the three competitive national elections held since 2005? Anddoes the new Iraq pose a threat to its neighbours?

The Asia-Pacific region is likely to be the fulcrum of international security affairs in the twenty-first century. As the region's economies become stronger, defence budgets are rising and navies are expanding and modernising. Some aspects of this procurement drive show signs of action-reaction dynamics between peer competitors – the hallmark of an arms race. Is the Asia-Pacific on the brink of an outright naval arms race, that could entail vast expenditures, threaten regional security and severely disrupt global trade? Or can rising naval capabilities and a desire for prestige among regional powers be reconciled with economic interdependence, freedom of navigation and managed competition between great powers? This Adelphi analyses the naval expansion of the four major Asia-Pacific powers – the US, China, India and Japan. It looks at recent and planned procurement to find examples of action–reaction behaviour, and analyses the underlying tensions and the potential for competition. It offers an insight into the size, expenditure and capability of the naval forces in each country and the role of the navy in overall military strategy; examines naval philosophies and specific security concerns, and how these will influence decision making; and assesses how each nation's naval strategy is evolving in response not only to global threats, but to shifts in the regional power balance.