Climate change has emerged as a global crisis with severe consequences for tropical and coastal regions. Pekalongan Regency, Indonesia, exemplifies these challenges, facing recurrent floods and landslides that threaten livelihoods and infrastructure. Risk mapping is urgently needed to guide adaptation strategies, yet many regions face constraints due to limited data availability. This study develops a multi-hazard risk mapping approach that integrates Geographic Information System (GIS) technology with stakeholder participation through Public Participation GIS (PPGIS). Hazard and vulnerability analyses were conducted using disaster records, socio-economic indicators, and spatial datasets, validated through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with government agencies and local stakeholders. The findings were synthesized into a structured four-stage framework encompassing stakeholder education (Kick-off), preliminary spatial analysis, participatory indicator validation, and finalization of risk maps. Results reveal distinct spatial patterns: flood risks dominate northern coastal and riverine villages, while landslide hazards are concentrated in the southern highlands. Stakeholder involvement not only improved data validity but also enhanced local adaptive capacity. The proposed PPGIS framework provides a transferable model for participatory climate resilience planning, particularly in data-scarce regions such as the global south area.

This study analyzes and designs a bilingual Android Augmented Reality (AR) platform to support the digital preservation of Cirebon Glass Paintings. The development uses Unity and AR Core with a human-centered design approach. A total of 30 participants (n=30) evaluated usability and performance. 3D assets were produced using photogrammetry with an optimized polygon budget of ≤25,000 triangles per object. Model compression applied Draco and KTX2 to reduce memory load. Benchmark testing was conducted on Snapdragon 720G class devices. Experimental results show that the platform achieved a stable performance of ≥30 FPS (mean = 32.6 FPS) and low tracking error (RMSE = 1.8–2.3 cm) under indoor lighting. Usability testing yielded a mean System Usability Scale (SUS) score of 81.4 ± 6.2, indicating excellent user acceptance. Compared with existing AR heritage applications, this research provides a reproducible pipeline for AR-based cultural digitization with performance guarantees on mid-range smartphones. The findings imply that optimized AR asset workflows can enhance public interaction with intangible cultural heritage such as Cirebon Glass Paintings. Limitations include restricted device testing and the need for more complex ecotourism content integration in future development.

Earthquake-resistant building design is fundamentally aimed at safeguarding life safety while controlling structural damage and preserving post-earthquake functionality under uncertain seismic actions. Although contemporary seismic codes provide detailed procedures for estimating earthquake-induced loads, differences in seismic hazard representation, force distribution rules, and deformation assumptions can lead to considerable variation in predicted structural response. This study presents a comprehensive engineering assessment of earthquake-resistant building codes based on seismic load responses in reinforced concrete moment-resisting frame structures. An integrated analytical framework combining elastic seismic analysis and nonlinear static performance evaluation is adopted to examine global force demand, displacement behavior, stiffness degradation, and post-yield response. Particular attention is given to the interaction between force-based seismic demand indicators, such as base shear and story forces, and deformation-based performance measures, including interstory drift and performance point characteristics. By systematically evaluating structural response across elastic and inelastic stages, the study demonstrates that reliance on elastic force demand alone is insufficient for capturing true seismic performance. The results emphasize the importance of performance-oriented assessment in enhancing the reliability, consistency, and resilience of earthquake-resistant building design.

This study investigates the moderating role of digital culture in the relationship between physical ergonomics, organizational culture, and the performance of Small and Medium Industries (SMI). Using survey data from 123 manufacturing SME employees in Tegal, Indonesia, the analysis employed Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-AMOS). The findings reveal that digital culture significantly moderates the relationship between physical ergonomics and organizational culture (β = 0.083; CR = 12.126; p < 0.001). However, physical ergonomics demonstrated an unexpected negative effect (β = –1.031; CR = –5.958; p < 0.001). In addition, organizational culture was found to have no significant influence on performance (β = 0.113; CR = 1.038; p = 0.299). These counterintuitive results highlight digital culture as a key moderator that strengthens the adaptive role of ergonomics. The study contributes by demonstrating the complex interplay between ergonomics, organizational culture, and digitalization, offering practical insights for SME managers to integrate ergonomic practices with digital initiatives to enhance competitiveness.

Soil nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, are critical for plant growth and agricultural productivity. Conventional laboratory methods for measuring these nutrients are accurate but often time-consuming, costly, and environmentally taxing. This study explores the potential of portable visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) spectrometer combined with machine learning algorithms as a rapid, cost-effective, and eco-friendly alternative for soil nutrient analysis. Soil samples of clay, clay loam, and sandy clay were collected and analyzed using artificial neural network (ANN) approach to predict soil nutrients. A total of 81 reflectance spectra data from each soil type were acquired using an AS7265x sensor and processed to develop a predictive model for nutrient content. ANN models demonstrated high accuracy, with R² values exceeding 0.8 in each type of soil texture. This study emphasizes the potential of portable Vis-NIR spectrometer and machine learning integration to revolutionize soil nutrient analysis, offering significant improvements in agricultural efficiency and sustainability.

Accessibility to printed materials and independent recognition of the environment remain key challenges for students with visual impairments. To address this issue, this study introduces Demata 2.0, a fully offline on device multimodal AI system. The system integrates Google ML Kit for Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and the YOLOv10 model via TensorFlow Lite for object detection. A mathematical distance algorithm in the RGB color space enables color identification. Evaluation showed that object detection achieved a mean average precision of 31.83%, with an average processing speed of 2–3 FPS. For OCR, the system recorded a Character Error Rate (CER) of 4.81% and a Word Error Rate (WER) of 10.71% on printed documents. The RGB algorithm also determined the closest possible color effectively. Overall, Demata 2.0 advances assistive technology by providing an efficient and practical blueprint for AI integration.

The contribution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is expected to accelerate the fermentation process and enhance the microbial population involved in eco-enzyme production. This study aimed to analyze the potential role of S.cerevisiae in improving eco-enzyme production. A true experimental method was employed using a completely randomized design with four treatments and three replications. The results, based on the average matrix similarity test using the Wilks’ Lambda Test, showed that the significance values for pH, DO, BOD, nitrite, and nitrate were < 0.05. Therefore, H0 was rejected, indicating that varying doses of S.cerevisiae had a significant effect. Furthermore, significant differences were observed among the treatments for each dependent variable. In conclusion, S.cerevisiae contributes to enhancing the overall quality of eco-enzymes by facilitating fermentation and accelerating the decomposition of organic matter.

Transportation is very vital to society these days as it provides mobility and maintains economic growth. In January 2022, Indonesia was Southeast Asia's largest auto market. PT Blue Bird Tbk., one of the largest car rental and transportation companies in Indonesia, faced very critical problems involving workshop efficiency and customer satisfaction. This study will optimize the car repair process via the implementation of Lean Manufacturing principles with the Digital Value Stream Mapping (DVSM) technique. Identification of waste was conducted via Waste Assessment Model (WAM) and a directed questionnaire, wherein the three major types of waste were overproduction (21.07%), defects (16.89%), and waiting (16.65%). For these, two VALSAT tools—Process Activity Mapping and Supply Chain Response Matrix—were employed. Simulation using Arena software was performed to validate the proposed improvements. Upon implementation, the lead time for car repair decreased from 12.887 seconds to 12.203 seconds, a decrease of 5.3%. The research indicates that lean tools can be effectively applied in car maintenance services, particularly in developing countries, to increase operating efficiency and service performance.

Tali Bamboo is a local material that is widely utilized in traditional construction due to its availability, strength, and flexibility. However, weaknesses in the connection system are a major obstacle in its application as a structural element. This research aims to evaluate the strength and stiffness of tali bamboo joints using Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) as joint reinforcement in plane trusses. The method used was experimental testing of three truss models with varying numbers of FRP laminate layers (1, 2, and 3 layers) combined with Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc) adhesive and epoxy resin. Tests were conducted with center point loading to assess the performance of the connection. The results showed that the connection with 2 layers of FRP was able to withstand the maximum load optimally, or was able to withstand an average maximum load of 25.2 kN with an average deflection of 3.1 cm. The highest value reached 30 kN and a deflection of 4.0 cm, indicating optimal efficiency and strength. The physical properties of tali bamboo in the internode section are weaker than those in the book section, but still generally meet the criteria for structural materials. The implications of this study suggest that the use of double-layered FRP connections in tali bamboo can be an effective solution in improving the performance of plane truss structures, although further testing is required for more complex connections between truss elements.

Industrial areas in Indonesia are increasing every year with a total of 136 industrial estates in 2024, of which 61.76% are in Java, such as Kendal Industrial Estate (KIE) with an increase in built-up land of 289.52 hectares (2015-2017). The problem is that the development was carried out by converting vegetation cover. The purpose of the study was to analyze the impact of the increase in built-up land on the environmental quality index around Kendal Industrial Estate. Research method with supervised classification Random Forest method and spectral transformation Risk Screening Enviromental Indicators with indicators of greenness index, humidity Index, dryness Index and heat index with Principal Component Analysis technique. The results showed that built-up land around KIE increased by 894.17 hectares which resulted in a decrease in vegetation cover of 184.71 hectares (2015-2024), this phenomenon had an impact on increasing low-level RSEI by around 2,028.31 hectares (2015-2024). The regression results show that the increase in built-up land and the reduction of vegetation cover have an impact on the decline in environmental quality in the study area. The contribution of the research results can be used as a database for regulation of land use change restrictions.