Piezoelectric polymer nanofibers are promising for wearable electronics due to their mechanical compliance and electromechanical responsiveness. Poly(vinylidene fluoride)‐trifluoroethylene (PVDF‐TrFE) is widely used for its ferroelectric β ‐phase and favorable piezoelectric properties, yet its limited elasticity hinders applications in soft bioelectronics. Electrospun PVDF‐TrFE mats can stretch through fiber rearrangement but lack true elastic recovery unless molecular interactions and junctions are modified. Achieving nanofiber networks that are both stretchable and piezoelectrically stable under cyclic strain remains a challenge. Here, we report a strategy combining PVDF‐TrFE with a small fraction of poly(ethylene glycol) bis(amine) (PEG‐diamine) and thermal annealing to form fused nanofibrous mats with enhanced elasticity and stable piezoelectric output. The blended mats doubled the strain‐to‐failure (~30%) compared to pure PVDF‐TrFE (~14%) and showed Mullins‐like elastic recovery up to approximately 9% with reduced hysteresis. Piezoelectric response improved by approximately 25% in peak voltage (~150 mV), with greater signal stability. Structural analyses (Fourier‐transform infrared [FTIR], differential scanning calorimetry [DSC], and X‐ray diffraction [XRD]) confirmed increased β ‐phase content and selective cross‐linking in amorphous domains without compromising ferroelectric order. This work demonstrates a scalable material‐based approach to improve elasticity and durability in electrospun piezoelectric fibers, enabling stretchable and skin‐conformable sensors for smart fabrics, wearable health monitors, and energy harvesting.

This study develops and evaluates green biocomposites using agro‐waste fibers, maize husk fiber composite (MFC), luffa fiber composite (LFC), and betelnut husk fiber composite (BFC) as core reinforcements in a central‐layer unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) matrix, comparing their performance with a 5% glass fiber composite (5% GFC) and neat UPR. Fibers underwent alkali treatment to enhance interfacial adhesion beforehand lay‐up fabrication. The composites were characterized via structural, mechanical, physical, thermal, and morphological analysis. Among the natural fiber systems, tensile (20.68 MPa) and compressive (87.6 MPa) strengths were highest for the BFC. LFC showed superior flexural strength (48.83 MPa) and microhardness (14.2 HV). MFC exhibited the highest impact strength (0.34 kJ m −2 ) and ductility (7.64% elongation). Natural fiber composites showed lower strength than glass fiber in all tests except hardness, and lower tensile and flexural strength than neat UPR. All agro‐waste composites exhibited greater water uptake (up to 1.524%) and biodegradability (0.00072% mass loss) than neat UPR, but the central layer structure seemed protecting the natural reinforcements from the environmental effects. Thermal analysis revealed improved char yield in natural fiber systems, and confirmed that fiber addition (0.310–0.361 W m −1 K −1 ) had minimal effect on heat transfer, indicating matrix‐dominated thermal behavior across all composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated weaker interfacial bonding compared to GFC. The work demonstrates the potential of central‐layer agro‐waste biocomposites as sustainable structural materials for automotive interiors, panels, and lightweight construction, with competitive functional properties and improved environmental performance. Future research should optimize fiber treatment, loading, and hybridization to enhance interfacial bonding and durability for broader engineering applications.

In this study, polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposites reinforced with halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were fabricated via melt extrusion followed by compression molding. Surface modification of HNTs was conducted using polyethyleneimine (PEI) and PN40 to improve interfacial interaction and dispersion of HNTs within the PLA matrix. The effects of HNT surface modification on the structural, thermal, and mechanical properties of the PLA matrix was systematically evaluated. Zeta potential and Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) analyses confirmed the successful functionalization of HNTs, with PEI treatment exhibiting a more pronounced surface charge modification compared to virgin and PN40‐modified HNTs. SEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM) images demonstrated that the dispersion and interfacial adhesion of HNTs in the PLA matrix were significantly enhanced in the nanocomposites containing PEI–modified HNTs. Thermal analyses revealed that the incorporation of HNTs led to a slight increase in the glass transition and melting temperatures, as well as enhanced thermal degradation resistance. Moreover, nanocomposites containing 3 wt% PEI–modified HNTs exhibited the highest thermal stability, with the temperature at 5 and 10 wt% weight loss, and the temperature of maximum degradation rate observed in the derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) curve measured at 349.9, 359.5, and 396.9°C, respectively. These values represent increases of 9.8, 10.5, and 14.4°C compared to pure PLA. Tensile testing demonstrated that the nanocomposites containing 1–3 wt% PEI–modified HNTs achieved the highest tensile strength, showing an increase of over 7% relative to pure PLA. Overall, the results demonstrate that surface modification of HNTs, particularly with PEI, effectively improves dispersion, matrix–filler adhesion, and the thermomechanical performance of nanocomposites.

This study incorporates celery pulp microfibers into styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene (SEBS) composites, aiming to generate value from waste. The study addresses compatibility issues between hydrophilic fibers and the hydrophobic polymer matrix by using ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) as a compatibilizer. Results show significant enhancement of mechanical properties in EVOH‐compatibilized composites. The compatibilized fiber composite (SE‐05) exhibits higher tensile strength (7.437 MPa) and Young’s modulus (63.766 MPa) compared to the uncompatibilized composite (SEBS/cellulose [SC]‐05) and SEBS matrix. Both composites exhibit decreased elongation at break with increased fiber loading. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis indicates the incorporation of EVOH and its interaction with cellulose microfibers, as evidenced by enhanced O─H and C─O stretching regions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs further show improved fiber dispersion and reduced pull out in EVOH‐containing composites, suggesting enhanced interfacial adhesion and load transfer. The composites demonstrate enhanced dynamic mechanical behavior, with higher storage modulus and glass transition temperature than the matrix polymer. These improvements suggest the potential of eco‐friendly, sustainable composites for diverse applications, including biomedical and packaging industries. By utilizing cellulosic fibers which obtained from celery pulp residue, this study creates advanced polymeric materials with enhanced properties through melt mixing and molding techniques. This approach highlights an innovative solution to environmental concerns while adding value to waste materials.

Conductive polymers are a notable breakthrough in electronic technology, providing distinctive electrical characteristics that render them appropriate for various uses in contemporary products like OLEDs (organic light‐emitting diodes), batteries, sensors, and medical equipment. Their use in additive manufacturing (AM) processes represents a significant advancement, allowing for the direct integration of electronic functionality into intricate 3D‐printed structures. This results in a reduction in production time and costs associated with conventional assembly methods. This paper examines different conductive polymers, including PANI (polyaniline), PPy (polypyrrole), and PEDOT (poly(3,4‐ethylene dioxythiophene)), with a focus on their involvement in AM methods including fused deposition modeling and inkjet printing. Current developments in ink formulations, including those integrating graphene, are improving conductivity while also tackling environmental issues. However, there are still obstacles that need to be overcome, such as finding the right balance between conductivity and processability, maintaining stability in different environmental conditions, dealing with biocompatibility concerns, and optimizing compatibility with other materials. Continuing research is improving these materials, and conductive polymers show potential for transforming electronics and medical applications due to their ability to be scaled up, their flexibility, and their adjustable electronic properties. This review article offers a thorough summary of the latest research trends, difficulties, and future paths in the realm of electronics and AM that utilize conductive polymers.

Crosslinking agarose with bisoxiranes and epihalohydrins has been explored for years and is widely applied in the manufacturing of chromatography beads as industrial standard. Nevertheless, the effect on the molecular structure of agarose and the resulting consequences when used as chromatographic adsorber are poorly investigated. Agarose beads modified with 1,4‐butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) and epichlorohydrin (ECH), respectively, were characterized regarding their pore size and diffusion coefficients. Modification with BDDE led to reduced pore sizes, whereas no influence could be observed when using ECH. After functionalization as cation exchanger, BDDE‐ and ECH‐modified beads were analyzed among others regarding their binding capacity of lysozyme and γ‐globulin. Therefore, the hypothesis of crosslinking‐induced diffusion limitation, especially with BDDE, could be further strengthened. Finally, the data were described by calculating the static binding capacity and diffusion coefficient using a cubic grid model and Ogston model, respectively. Overall, those simplified models describe the data quite accurate, whereas the deviation of the model from the static binding capacity is 4% ± 17%, from the diffusion coefficient of the BDDE‐ or ECH‐modified beads 1% ± 16% and from the effective diffusion coefficient of the further sulfonated and column packed beads 11% ± 27%.

The performance of gap‐filling materials, a key part of valve hall sealing, directly impacted the system’s overall firestopping effect. In this study, nanofillers were used to modify the gap‐filling materials. The effects of nanofiller modification on the performance of the gap‐filling materials were investigated through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), oxygen index (OI) test, vertical burning test, cone calorimetry, muffle furnace calcination, and tensile strength test. The TGA results showed that using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as nanofillers increased the initial decomposition temperature of the gap‐filling material to 463.7 °C, with a residual char yield of 77.2% at 800 °C, significantly enhancing its thermal stability. Muffle furnace calcination images demonstrated that the nanofillers effectively improved the ceramic‐forming properties of the gap‐filling material. The OI increased to 37.1%, and the material achieved a V‐0 rating in the vertical burning test. The peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) were reduced to 65.1 kW/m 2 and 38.2 MJ/m 2 , respectively, representing decreases of 57.8% and 49.2% compared to the unmodified gap‐filling material. Additionally, the fire growth index (FGI) decreased, while the fire performance index (FPI) improved. These results indicated that nanofillers can significantly enhance the flame retardancy and intrinsic safety of gap‐filling materials, thereby ensuring the safe operation of ultrahigh voltage (UHV) transmission lines and supporting the global advancement of UHV technology.

In this study, silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) with a flower‐like wrinkled morphology were synthesized via a green method using rice husk (RH) as a sustainable silica precursor. The synthesis was performed without hazardous chemicals, highlighting the environmental compatibility and cost‐effectiveness of the process. The structural and physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles were characterized using FTIR, XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), UV–vis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses. FTIR confirmed the presence of Si─O─Si and Si─OH groups, while XRD revealed that the synthesized particles exhibit a crystalline quartz structure rather than the amorphous form commonly obtained from RH. SEM images showed petal‐shaped particles with hierarchical morphology. Thermal analysis indicated high stability up to 800°C. These findings suggest that the developed green synthesis method can yield structurally defined SiNPs suitable for further application in catalysis, adsorption, and nanomaterials development.

The oil bitumen BND 90/130, produced at the “LLP SP Caspi Bitum” with the modifier, which consists of copolymer of ethylene with butyl acrylate and glycidyl methacrylate taken in an amount of 0.5–1.6 wt%, and the tire reclaim (4–20 wt%), which is the destructate of mesh elastomers of different chemical nature, was modified; possibility of using the developed bitumen-elastomer binders in road asphalt concrete was justified. Modification of bitumen with a copolymer of ethylene with butyl acrylate and glycidyl methacrylate leads to an improvement in the properties of road bitumen: the softening point, hardness, deformability at low temperatures, elasticity, and adhesion to metal and mineral filler increase. It was shown that ethylene with butyl acrylate and glycidyl methacrylate chemically interacts with the functional groups of bitumen asphaltenes through the epoxy group of glycidyl methacrylate. Analysis of the spectra and group composition indicates an increased content of high molecular weight asphaltenes in the modified bitumen with a slight increase in structuring resins. It has been established that bitumen modified with rubber crumbs of 0.6–1.0 mm in size has high elasticity. The most effective composition of a bitumen-regenerated composite material based on tire reclaim has been determined. In terms of the totality of physicochemical and operational characteristics and comparative cost, the most acceptable is the bitumen-regenerated composition (with a regenerate content of 20%) and is superior in the complex of properties to bitumen modified with an optimal content of ethylene with butyl acrylate and glycidyl methacrylate (1.6%). The technology for modifying bitumen with tire reclaim is less time-consuming, more economically profitable, and environmentally effective, since it utilizes large-tonnage waste of worn-out tires. The resulting bitumen-polymer compositions have a high positive set of properties: softening point, hardness, elasticity, frost resistance, and low-temperature characteristics.

Enhancing the hydrophobicity of chitosan through acylation enables the encapsulation of water‐insoluble drugs within the polymeric carrier cores. In this study, hydrophobically modified chitosan was synthesized by reacting low‐molecular‐weight chitosan with acyl chloride (C18–C24) using an agitation method under mild conditions. The structure of acylated chitosan was analyzed using FTIR and 1H‐NMR spectroscopy. The degree of substitution (DS) varied between 56% and 69% for different long‐chain N‐acylated chitosan, with N‐stearoyl chitosan (ChC18) exhibiting the highest DS. The incorporation of capecitabine (CAP) into extended acylated chitosan increased particle size and decreased zeta potential. N‐lignoceroyl chitosan (ChC24) exhibited the highest zeta potential value of −27 mV for 0.2 mg of CAP, indicating that the most extended acyl group was the most stable in the suspension. Transmission electron microscope images revealed that all acylated chitosan particles were spherical, with sizes ranging from 100 to 200 nm, and existed as stand‐alone entities, indicating excellent stability in suspension. The loading of CAP increased in particle size but did not alter particle shape, except for ChC24, which exhibited agglomeration. SEM images revealed that the individual arrangement of particles in CAP‐ChC18 made it more stable than other acylated chitosan. In contrast, the formation of clusters in CAP‐ChC24 can be attributed to strong hydrophobic interactions. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results show that there is no nitrogen atom in ChC18, which means that the acyl group is oriented inward and bound to the stearoyl group via van der Waals forces. At different drug weight‐to‐carrier ratios, the encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CAP with varying acyl group lengths ranged from 85% to 97%. The drug loading (DL) capacity and EE increased as the amount of drug in the carrier increased. However, the length of the acyl group did not significantly affect DL and EE, even when the carrier‐to‐drug ratio was consistently maintained. Sustained release was observed in CAP‐loaded ChC24, indicating a significant influence of the extended chain on chitosan. Consequently, extended N‐acylated chitosan possesses enormous potential as a drug delivery system for CAP.